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Partnerships, Allies Critical to Defense Department Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial intelligence is significant beyond the Defense Department, involving partners and allies, the acting undersecretary of defense for research and engineering said.

Michael J.K. Kratsios, also DOD's chief technology officer, spoke during a fireside chat yesterday at the 2020 Department of Defense Artificial Intelligence Symposium and Exposition.

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"[Over] the last three years, we've seen a tremendous emphasis across interagency and all the way up to the White House on ensuring American leadership in artificial intelligence very early on in," the undersecretary said.

"In this administration, there was the desire to begin to emphasize AI and, particularly, [look at] what the things [are] that we need to do as a federal government to drive leadership in this particular critical domain as our adversaries are stepping up," he added.

The first major step was the signing of an artificial intelligence executive order, and that laid out the national strategy for AI, Kratsios said.

The AI executive order laid out a thematic vision for the United States as a country to ensure its leadership, which is around research and development, he noted.

A student demonstrates robotic artificial intelligence.
Robotics Demo
A student from Carnegie Mellon University gives a demonstration on robotics during the 2019 Sovereign Challenge Conference, May 1, 2019. Sixty-four countries were represented at the conference; the theme was “Technological Change and Its Effect on Future of Irregular Warfare.” The U.S Southern Command partnered with the university to host the 19th Sovereign Challenge Conference held in Pittsburgh April 30-May 3.
Credit: Michael Bottoms, Air Force
VIRIN: 190501-F-YT673-1206

"It is absolutely critical that we are making [the] next great breakthroughs in AI and machine learning here in the United States, and that is something that requires a whole-of-government commitment to the endeavor," he emphasized.

Other U.S. government agencies looking at AI need to come together and be part of the strategy, releasing a research and development strategic plan, he said, noting there are four core elements around it.

First, he said, there is a vision guiding document for the larger research and development enterprise across DOD to not only increase funding and support financially toward development, but actually coordinate it and make sure it's done and used effectively. 

The second line of effort is always, no matter what technology the DOD is working on, around the workforce.

A photo shows metal machine components.
Quantum Networks
A new machine learning framework could pave the way for small, mobile quantum networks at an Army research laboratory.
Credit: Courtesy photo
VIRIN: 191218-A-A1908-1000C

"Broadly speaking, it's very challenging to build a large-scale robust pipeline of talented AI scientists that want to continue to make breakthroughs and … figure out what the federal government has to prioritize, grants and fellowships and other types of funding opportunities," Kratsios explained.

The third line of effort is around removing barriers to AI innovation, he said.

"I generally tend to see the world of emerging technologies as two buckets [that] are either technologies born in captivity or technologies that are born free," he added.

Technologies that are born in captivity are often the technologies hardest to commercialize, Kratsios said, adding those are things like drones, autonomous vehicles or nuclear power.

A graphic shows possible ways soldiers may use artificial intelligence.
AI Advances
Thanks to advances in artificial intelligence, human-agent teaming and machine learning, soldiers will provide commanders with real-time information about the enemy that is gathered from different sources and include possible courses of action, which will help them to make better decisions in battle, Jan. 1, 2018.
Credit: Courtesy photo
VIRIN: 180130-A-N1234-004

In the fourth line of effort, "We recognize that our adversaries are pushing ahead with a very different view on the way AI should generally be used," Kratsios saids.

Allies are critically important in the AI realm because of the way adversaries are thinking about it, Kratsios said.

"Adversaries try to influence the way AI is impacting citizens around the entire world, [so] we need to provide the right positive, Western-based alternative to that, and I think we can do that," he said

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