1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:02,207 We'd like to thank General Raymond for 2 00:00:02,207 --> 00:00:04,318 agreeing to do this session . We have 3 00:00:04,318 --> 00:00:06,318 something over 200 folks registered 4 00:00:06,318 --> 00:00:08,318 from all over the world , including 5 00:00:08,318 --> 00:00:10,429 students , faculty , staff , alumni , 6 00:00:10,429 --> 00:00:12,151 government representatives and 7 00:00:12,151 --> 00:00:14,373 corporations . And we'd like this to be 8 00:00:14,373 --> 00:00:16,750 a discussion and question and answer . 9 00:00:16,760 --> 00:00:19,040 All of our questions and answers will 10 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:21,290 be asked through the chat and I will 11 00:00:21,300 --> 00:00:23,360 moderate the session . We will be 12 00:00:23,360 --> 00:00:25,249 recording this session , and this 13 00:00:25,249 --> 00:00:27,416 session will be available afterwards . 14 00:00:27,416 --> 00:00:29,527 Thank you very much , Admiral . Row G 15 00:00:29,527 --> 00:00:31,693 over to you . Thank you , sir . Okay . 16 00:00:31,693 --> 00:00:33,693 Well , thank you , James , for that 17 00:00:33,693 --> 00:00:35,693 kind introduction , of course , for 18 00:00:35,693 --> 00:00:37,860 hosting today , Uh , do you Foundation 19 00:00:37,860 --> 00:00:39,638 is one of the university's most 20 00:00:39,638 --> 00:00:41,360 important partners , and their 21 00:00:41,360 --> 00:00:43,416 sponsorship of webinars like this is 22 00:00:43,416 --> 00:00:45,582 but one small aspect of that support . 23 00:00:45,582 --> 00:00:47,471 Now , this webinar Marks are 11th 24 00:00:47,471 --> 00:00:49,582 national security briefing . And it's 25 00:00:49,582 --> 00:00:51,804 through these kinds of discussions with 26 00:00:51,804 --> 00:00:53,860 experts like General Raymond that we 27 00:00:53,860 --> 00:00:56,027 gain valuable perspectives on national 28 00:00:56,027 --> 00:00:58,138 and global security issues . I really 29 00:00:58,138 --> 00:01:00,360 want to emphasize that every one of you 30 00:01:00,360 --> 00:01:02,416 joining us here today is also one of 31 00:01:02,416 --> 00:01:04,471 our partners . Because of our shared 32 00:01:04,471 --> 00:01:04,370 interest in the security of our nation . 33 00:01:04,940 --> 00:01:06,607 Much like the dialogue in our 34 00:01:06,607 --> 00:01:08,718 classrooms . These discussions enable 35 00:01:08,718 --> 00:01:10,551 us to come together and build an 36 00:01:10,551 --> 00:01:12,662 understanding of the different points 37 00:01:12,662 --> 00:01:14,551 of view that are essential to our 38 00:01:14,551 --> 00:01:16,773 education mission . Now I see that many 39 00:01:16,773 --> 00:01:18,773 of you have participated in earlier 40 00:01:18,773 --> 00:01:20,940 briefings . So to you , welcome back . 41 00:01:20,940 --> 00:01:22,884 And for those of you today who are 42 00:01:22,884 --> 00:01:24,940 joining us today who are new to this 43 00:01:24,940 --> 00:01:24,790 Siri's let me offer just a quick word 44 00:01:24,790 --> 00:01:27,068 about your National Defense University . 45 00:01:27,440 --> 00:01:29,662 I'm certain that this crowd appreciates 46 00:01:29,662 --> 00:01:31,996 that we live in an increasingly complex , 47 00:01:31,996 --> 00:01:34,051 dynamic and uncertain world . United 48 00:01:34,051 --> 00:01:35,940 States faces many competitors and 49 00:01:35,940 --> 00:01:37,996 threats for our security . In fact , 50 00:01:37,996 --> 00:01:40,051 competitors air investing heavily to 51 00:01:40,051 --> 00:01:41,773 try to erode our technological 52 00:01:41,773 --> 00:01:43,884 advantages . So it's really important 53 00:01:43,884 --> 00:01:45,662 that into you be able to create 54 00:01:45,662 --> 00:01:47,718 intellectual advantage by developing 55 00:01:47,718 --> 00:01:49,384 leaders who can out think our 56 00:01:49,384 --> 00:01:51,551 competitors . So it's into use mission 57 00:01:51,551 --> 00:01:53,496 to prepare today's rising national 58 00:01:53,496 --> 00:01:55,440 security leaders across military , 59 00:01:55,440 --> 00:01:57,384 government and industry and to use 60 00:01:57,384 --> 00:01:59,490 students will be the decision makers 61 00:01:59,490 --> 00:02:01,490 that our nation and our allies will 62 00:02:01,490 --> 00:02:03,790 depend upon tomorrow from domains from 63 00:02:03,790 --> 00:02:06,490 the undersea to outer space . Our 64 00:02:06,490 --> 00:02:08,601 students are unequal parts , military 65 00:02:08,601 --> 00:02:10,823 members of the U . S . Armed services , 66 00:02:10,823 --> 00:02:12,434 civilians from US government 67 00:02:12,434 --> 00:02:14,546 departments and agencies , and on our 68 00:02:14,546 --> 00:02:16,434 campus This year we have over 120 69 00:02:16,434 --> 00:02:18,657 international students from 65 friendly 70 00:02:18,657 --> 00:02:21,330 partner and allied nations . And if we 71 00:02:21,330 --> 00:02:23,552 do well at our education mission , then 72 00:02:23,552 --> 00:02:25,663 these students will graduate with the 73 00:02:25,663 --> 00:02:27,719 ability to launch the kinds of ideas 74 00:02:27,719 --> 00:02:29,886 that could preclude the need to launch 75 00:02:29,886 --> 00:02:32,108 weapons . And so the lasting measure of 76 00:02:32,108 --> 00:02:33,886 our success is in the peace and 77 00:02:33,886 --> 00:02:35,997 security enjoyed by the United States 78 00:02:35,997 --> 00:02:38,219 and our friends , partners and allies . 79 00:02:38,240 --> 00:02:40,073 In the words of former secretary 80 00:02:40,073 --> 00:02:42,073 general United Nations Kofi Annan , 81 00:02:42,073 --> 00:02:43,790 Education is quite simply , 82 00:02:43,800 --> 00:02:46,100 peacebuilding by another name . It is 83 00:02:46,100 --> 00:02:48,044 the most effective form of defense 84 00:02:48,044 --> 00:02:50,120 spending there is . So let me then 85 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:52,064 suggest that if you would want the 86 00:02:52,064 --> 00:02:53,953 leaders of your national security 87 00:02:53,953 --> 00:02:55,898 enterprise the key decision makers 88 00:02:55,898 --> 00:02:58,231 contributing to your peace and security , 89 00:02:58,231 --> 00:03:00,287 if you would want them ideally to be 90 00:03:00,287 --> 00:03:02,342 well educated on how to do so , then 91 00:03:02,342 --> 00:03:04,509 you should not only be partners of end 92 00:03:04,509 --> 00:03:06,509 you but also our advocates . I hope 93 00:03:06,509 --> 00:03:08,509 that that will encourage you all to 94 00:03:08,509 --> 00:03:10,287 learn more about the Chairman's 95 00:03:10,287 --> 00:03:12,120 university . You're our National 96 00:03:12,120 --> 00:03:14,342 Defense University . So now , on behalf 97 00:03:14,342 --> 00:03:16,564 of and to you , I want to thank General 98 00:03:16,564 --> 00:03:16,260 J . Raymond for joining us to provide 99 00:03:16,260 --> 00:03:18,610 insight into the space domain and the 100 00:03:18,610 --> 00:03:21,300 United States Space Force's mission and 101 00:03:21,300 --> 00:03:23,522 initiatives and impact and contribution 102 00:03:23,522 --> 00:03:25,780 to national security . It's my distinct 103 00:03:25,780 --> 00:03:27,836 honor and privilege to introduce you 104 00:03:27,836 --> 00:03:29,669 all to General J . Raymond , our 105 00:03:29,669 --> 00:03:31,336 nation's first chief of space 106 00:03:31,336 --> 00:03:33,502 operations for the United States Space 107 00:03:33,502 --> 00:03:37,460 Force . You know . Good morning . Uh , 108 00:03:37,470 --> 00:03:39,470 Fritz and Dutchman , thank you very 109 00:03:39,470 --> 00:03:41,950 much for hosting me this today , and 110 00:03:41,960 --> 00:03:44,127 I'm really excited the opportunity toe 111 00:03:44,127 --> 00:03:46,182 to be able to share a few thoughts . 112 00:03:46,182 --> 00:03:48,293 And what I thought I would do if it's 113 00:03:48,293 --> 00:03:50,349 okay , is I'll start off by giving a 114 00:03:50,349 --> 00:03:52,460 few remarks just to set the stage for 115 00:03:52,460 --> 00:03:54,470 what I hope will become a robust 116 00:03:54,640 --> 00:03:56,529 dialogue back and forth because I 117 00:03:56,529 --> 00:03:58,770 really would like Toa to engage in that 118 00:03:58,780 --> 00:04:00,980 in that conversation . A zai view . 119 00:04:00,980 --> 00:04:02,924 This , you know , today represents 120 00:04:02,924 --> 00:04:04,813 probably one of the most defining 121 00:04:04,813 --> 00:04:07,510 periods in our national defense posture . 122 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:09,600 Uh , there's probably that that that 123 00:04:09,600 --> 00:04:11,767 environment , probably we haven't seen 124 00:04:11,767 --> 00:04:13,656 that kind of significant change . 125 00:04:13,656 --> 00:04:15,878 Probably in a generation and in space . 126 00:04:15,878 --> 00:04:17,989 It might be a couple of generations . 127 00:04:17,989 --> 00:04:19,933 What I know is that space under my 128 00:04:19,933 --> 00:04:21,933 underpins every bit of our national 129 00:04:21,933 --> 00:04:24,800 power , uh , and and we are . We are 130 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:27,200 strongest when that space domain is 131 00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:30,170 stable , secure , uh , for our nation 132 00:04:30,170 --> 00:04:32,114 to fuel capabilities that fuel our 133 00:04:32,114 --> 00:04:33,726 American way of life and for 134 00:04:33,726 --> 00:04:35,948 capabilities that fuel our American way 135 00:04:35,948 --> 00:04:38,600 of war . It is clear today that space 136 00:04:38,600 --> 00:04:40,656 is a war fighting domain , just like 137 00:04:40,656 --> 00:04:43,610 air , land and sea A Z I mentioned 138 00:04:43,610 --> 00:04:45,610 earlier in another testing that you 139 00:04:45,610 --> 00:04:47,832 could I couldn't have said that five or 140 00:04:47,832 --> 00:04:49,888 six years ago in a public setting we 141 00:04:49,888 --> 00:04:51,777 didn't want space to become a war 142 00:04:51,777 --> 00:04:53,888 fighting domain . And we and we still 143 00:04:53,888 --> 00:04:55,999 frankly don't today . But adversaries 144 00:04:55,999 --> 00:04:58,054 have a vote , and clearly Russia and 145 00:04:58,054 --> 00:05:00,360 China are developing capabilities to 146 00:05:00,440 --> 00:05:04,410 the kind of two pieces . One is to have 147 00:05:04,420 --> 00:05:06,587 space capabilities for their own use . 148 00:05:06,587 --> 00:05:08,809 So they have the same advantage that we 149 00:05:08,809 --> 00:05:10,698 have enjoyed over the last , uh , 150 00:05:10,698 --> 00:05:13,120 decades of integrating space to great 151 00:05:13,120 --> 00:05:15,342 effect . And then the second thing that 152 00:05:15,342 --> 00:05:17,287 they're developing is developing a 153 00:05:17,287 --> 00:05:19,340 pretty significant , uh , set of 154 00:05:19,340 --> 00:05:21,562 threats that would threaten our ability 155 00:05:21,562 --> 00:05:23,396 to access our space capabilities 156 00:05:23,396 --> 00:05:25,507 everything from reversible jamming on 157 00:05:25,507 --> 00:05:27,451 one end , all the way upto kinetic 158 00:05:27,451 --> 00:05:29,618 destruction on on the other hand . And 159 00:05:29,618 --> 00:05:31,784 so the United States , over the course 160 00:05:31,784 --> 00:05:34,270 of the last year in a little bit , uh , 161 00:05:34,280 --> 00:05:36,260 did two things that we re if we re 162 00:05:36,260 --> 00:05:38,960 establish United States Space Command , 163 00:05:38,970 --> 00:05:42,240 uh , as the war fighting command for 164 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:44,120 space , it used to be part of us 165 00:05:44,120 --> 00:05:46,360 strategic command . Up until , uh , 166 00:05:46,540 --> 00:05:49,210 August of 2019 when we took it out from 167 00:05:49,210 --> 00:05:51,210 underneath US Strategic Command and 168 00:05:51,210 --> 00:05:53,043 established a separate combatant 169 00:05:53,043 --> 00:05:54,877 command , I had the privilege of 170 00:05:54,877 --> 00:05:57,099 leading that combatant command up until 171 00:05:57,099 --> 00:05:59,043 this past August . And General Jim 172 00:05:59,043 --> 00:06:01,266 Dickinson is now the commander of U . S 173 00:06:01,266 --> 00:06:03,432 Basic Man . A couple months later , in 174 00:06:03,432 --> 00:06:05,543 December of 2019 a few months later , 175 00:06:05,543 --> 00:06:08,520 in December of 2019 way established the 176 00:06:08,520 --> 00:06:10,631 United States Space Force toe elevate 177 00:06:10,631 --> 00:06:12,687 the organized , trained and equipped 178 00:06:12,687 --> 00:06:16,550 pieces of space , uh , from a major 179 00:06:16,550 --> 00:06:18,606 command underneath the United States 180 00:06:18,606 --> 00:06:20,772 Air Force is part of United States Air 181 00:06:20,772 --> 00:06:22,939 Force to its own independent service . 182 00:06:22,939 --> 00:06:24,828 And today , what you have is very 183 00:06:24,828 --> 00:06:26,828 analogous to the Marine Corps model 184 00:06:26,828 --> 00:06:28,828 where on the on the Navy side , you 185 00:06:28,828 --> 00:06:30,828 have a secretary of the Navy with a 186 00:06:30,828 --> 00:06:32,994 commandant of the Marine Corps and the 187 00:06:32,994 --> 00:06:35,217 chief of naval operations on the on the 188 00:06:35,217 --> 00:06:35,200 Department of the Air Force right now , 189 00:06:35,200 --> 00:06:37,311 you have a secretary of the Air Force 190 00:06:37,311 --> 00:06:39,256 that has chief of staff of the Air 191 00:06:39,256 --> 00:06:41,589 Force and the chief of space operations . 192 00:06:41,589 --> 00:06:43,600 Um , as I look at , you know , why 193 00:06:43,600 --> 00:06:47,320 would Why would a country stand up a 194 00:06:47,330 --> 00:06:49,386 separate service ? The reason why we 195 00:06:49,386 --> 00:06:51,497 did was to elevate space to the level 196 00:06:51,497 --> 00:06:53,663 of important store national security . 197 00:06:53,663 --> 00:06:55,886 And and if you look at what independent 198 00:06:55,886 --> 00:06:58,108 services need to do , there's a handful 199 00:06:58,108 --> 00:07:00,219 of things in my opinion . First , you 200 00:07:00,219 --> 00:07:02,330 have to develop your own people . And 201 00:07:02,330 --> 00:07:04,330 that's why this session today is so 202 00:07:04,330 --> 00:07:03,640 important with National Defense 203 00:07:03,640 --> 00:07:05,696 University because you're a critical 204 00:07:05,696 --> 00:07:07,918 part of that education of our joint and 205 00:07:07,918 --> 00:07:10,084 coalition force . The second thing you 206 00:07:10,084 --> 00:07:12,307 have to do is you have to have your own 207 00:07:12,307 --> 00:07:11,950 doctrine , and we just published our 208 00:07:11,950 --> 00:07:13,950 own doctrine . If you haven't had a 209 00:07:13,950 --> 00:07:16,117 chance to look at energy to get a copy 210 00:07:16,117 --> 00:07:18,283 of it , it's called Space Power . It's 211 00:07:18,283 --> 00:07:20,506 an independent view of space . Power is 212 00:07:20,506 --> 00:07:22,672 our doctor . Very similar toe what the 213 00:07:22,672 --> 00:07:24,672 Air Force did in 1947 leading up to 214 00:07:24,672 --> 00:07:26,728 1947 there was an Air Corps tactical 215 00:07:26,728 --> 00:07:28,839 school where experts got together and 216 00:07:28,839 --> 00:07:31,006 developed the theory of air power that 217 00:07:31,006 --> 00:07:33,117 grew into then the foundation of this 218 00:07:33,117 --> 00:07:35,117 service . So we've done that on the 219 00:07:35,117 --> 00:07:37,006 space that the other thing , that 220 00:07:37,006 --> 00:07:36,950 captives , you have to have your own 221 00:07:36,950 --> 00:07:39,520 budget . And over this , of course , of 222 00:07:39,520 --> 00:07:41,576 this past year , we've taken all the 223 00:07:41,576 --> 00:07:43,798 dollars that were associated with space 224 00:07:43,798 --> 00:07:45,909 out of the Air Force and put him into 225 00:07:45,909 --> 00:07:45,210 the space Force . And we have our own 226 00:07:45,210 --> 00:07:48,060 budget . We just submitted our palm and 227 00:07:48,060 --> 00:07:50,060 our budget for the first time as an 228 00:07:50,060 --> 00:07:51,949 independent service over the last 229 00:07:51,949 --> 00:07:53,949 couple months . The other thing you 230 00:07:53,949 --> 00:07:56,060 have to do is you have to design your 231 00:07:56,060 --> 00:07:58,171 force . And so one of the things that 232 00:07:58,171 --> 00:08:00,393 our big focus areas on this coming year 233 00:08:00,393 --> 00:08:02,690 is to do that force design . Uh , that 234 00:08:02,690 --> 00:08:04,579 brings unity of effort across the 235 00:08:04,579 --> 00:08:06,523 Department of Defense and with our 236 00:08:06,523 --> 00:08:09,110 allied partners , um , to be ableto 237 00:08:09,120 --> 00:08:11,960 develop a force that can operate 238 00:08:11,960 --> 00:08:14,127 effectively in a contested environment 239 00:08:14,140 --> 00:08:16,360 and then fifth . Once you design that 240 00:08:16,360 --> 00:08:18,249 force , you have to present those 241 00:08:18,249 --> 00:08:20,416 forces to a combatant command . And so 242 00:08:20,416 --> 00:08:22,210 we're also working new force 243 00:08:22,210 --> 00:08:24,432 presentation methodology because they , 244 00:08:24,432 --> 00:08:26,654 the way space forces air presented , is 245 00:08:26,654 --> 00:08:28,821 through it . The air component on it's 246 00:08:28,821 --> 00:08:30,932 really focused on the Centcom fight , 247 00:08:30,932 --> 00:08:33,266 not a national defense strategy focused , 248 00:08:33,266 --> 00:08:36,250 uh , conflict . And so those are kind 249 00:08:36,250 --> 00:08:38,083 of the five things that I see an 250 00:08:38,083 --> 00:08:40,361 independent service needs to do to get . 251 00:08:40,361 --> 00:08:42,361 After those five things , we've got 252 00:08:42,361 --> 00:08:44,694 some lines of effort that we're working . 253 00:08:44,694 --> 00:08:46,750 First of all , we're gonna build the 254 00:08:46,750 --> 00:08:48,972 service , and the first year has really 255 00:08:48,972 --> 00:08:48,660 all been about creating this service . 256 00:08:48,660 --> 00:08:50,950 I use the term , create or invent this 257 00:08:50,950 --> 00:08:53,830 service purposely because it's not just 258 00:08:53,830 --> 00:08:56,052 business out is how we've done business 259 00:08:56,052 --> 00:08:58,163 in the past . It's building something 260 00:08:58,163 --> 00:09:00,274 new with a clean sheet of paper . And 261 00:09:00,274 --> 00:09:02,386 so we built the service to be light , 262 00:09:02,386 --> 00:09:04,719 lean and agile . We do not wanna be big . 263 00:09:04,719 --> 00:09:04,380 We have to go fast . If you look at the 264 00:09:04,380 --> 00:09:06,436 challenges that we face in the space 265 00:09:06,436 --> 00:09:08,660 domain , with the size and the scope of 266 00:09:08,670 --> 00:09:11,003 the domain , you have to move its speed . 267 00:09:11,003 --> 00:09:13,059 And so you've seen us do the largest 268 00:09:13,059 --> 00:09:15,810 restructure of the space enterprise in 269 00:09:15,810 --> 00:09:18,500 our history . And a flattened already 270 00:09:18,500 --> 00:09:20,670 two layers of command , uh , in 271 00:09:20,670 --> 00:09:23,003 flattened our staff here , the Pentagon , 272 00:09:23,003 --> 00:09:25,170 from a planning planned number of over 273 00:09:25,170 --> 00:09:28,190 1000 toe , a planned number that gets 274 00:09:28,190 --> 00:09:30,440 us to 600 over the next next couple 275 00:09:30,440 --> 00:09:32,800 years . Um , we're also needing to 276 00:09:32,800 --> 00:09:34,633 develop joint and coalition more 277 00:09:34,633 --> 00:09:36,856 fighters . And again , this is why into 278 00:09:36,856 --> 00:09:39,022 you it's important that I talk to into 279 00:09:39,022 --> 00:09:41,244 you . I will tell you . The one thing I 280 00:09:41,244 --> 00:09:43,467 can say for certain is that nobody that 281 00:09:43,467 --> 00:09:45,578 comes to your schools understands the 282 00:09:45,578 --> 00:09:47,578 space domain to the level that they 283 00:09:47,578 --> 00:09:49,633 need , understand space domain to be 284 00:09:49,633 --> 00:09:49,570 successful in their business . And it's 285 00:09:49,570 --> 00:09:51,681 not just space . It's the whole multi 286 00:09:51,681 --> 00:09:54,710 domain aspect of warfare going forward , 287 00:09:54,720 --> 00:09:57,270 and you have an opportunity to be the 288 00:09:57,270 --> 00:09:59,492 leaders in that in that effort , and we 289 00:09:59,492 --> 00:10:01,714 need you to be leaders in that effort . 290 00:10:01,714 --> 00:10:03,770 It requires , from my perspective in 291 00:10:03,770 --> 00:10:05,770 the space domain , developing space 292 00:10:05,770 --> 00:10:07,881 operators that have a better a better 293 00:10:07,881 --> 00:10:10,048 understanding of the joint , the joint 294 00:10:10,048 --> 00:10:12,310 environment and , uh , have what you 295 00:10:12,310 --> 00:10:14,421 and I might consider more traditional 296 00:10:14,421 --> 00:10:16,366 joint warfighters to have a better 297 00:10:16,366 --> 00:10:18,366 understanding of space . We have to 298 00:10:18,366 --> 00:10:20,477 build capabilities that operationally 299 00:10:20,477 --> 00:10:22,810 relevant speeds and in your school , uh , 300 00:10:22,810 --> 00:10:24,977 schools , you can help us with that as 301 00:10:24,977 --> 00:10:27,690 well . We're moving too slow , and if 302 00:10:27,690 --> 00:10:29,690 you look at how long it takes us to 303 00:10:29,690 --> 00:10:31,801 build a clone of a capability that we 304 00:10:31,801 --> 00:10:34,750 already have on orbit . We're talking 5 305 00:10:34,750 --> 00:10:36,830 to 60 years for a clone . Not fast 306 00:10:36,830 --> 00:10:39,390 enough . And so we want to capitalize 307 00:10:39,400 --> 00:10:42,630 on the again a bad word to use in the 308 00:10:42,630 --> 00:10:44,797 commercial in the space business . But 309 00:10:44,797 --> 00:10:46,686 the explosion of commercial space 310 00:10:46,686 --> 00:10:49,800 companies , uh , and are large partners 311 00:10:49,810 --> 00:10:52,590 in the in defense contractors to be 312 00:10:52,590 --> 00:10:54,812 able to move at speed . One of the ways 313 00:10:54,812 --> 00:10:57,320 that we're gonna get it after that is 314 00:10:57,320 --> 00:10:59,600 to shift towards a digital digital 315 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:01,656 engineering model we wanna build the 316 00:11:01,656 --> 00:11:03,822 service is a digital service upfront . 317 00:11:03,822 --> 00:11:05,730 Uh , that means having a digital 318 00:11:05,730 --> 00:11:08,410 headquarters having people on the force 319 00:11:08,410 --> 00:11:10,420 that are digitally fluent and third 320 00:11:10,430 --> 00:11:12,960 developing this , uh , digital 321 00:11:12,960 --> 00:11:15,071 engineering and adopting this digital 322 00:11:15,071 --> 00:11:17,182 engineering standard as our model for 323 00:11:17,182 --> 00:11:19,238 all acquisitions going forward . And 324 00:11:19,238 --> 00:11:21,293 that's what we've done . Three other 325 00:11:21,293 --> 00:11:23,293 thing that we have to do is we have 326 00:11:23,293 --> 00:11:25,460 Thio integrate with partners and we've 327 00:11:25,460 --> 00:11:27,460 got to integrate with our joint and 328 00:11:27,460 --> 00:11:29,682 coalition partners historically for for 329 00:11:29,682 --> 00:11:31,849 our allies that are on the net today , 330 00:11:31,849 --> 00:11:33,738 our partners , we haven't had the 331 00:11:33,738 --> 00:11:36,071 partnerships in space that we needed to , 332 00:11:36,071 --> 00:11:38,127 because in the past we really didn't 333 00:11:38,127 --> 00:11:40,293 need thio . It was a benign , peaceful 334 00:11:40,293 --> 00:11:39,550 domain and there wasn't a threat . 335 00:11:39,560 --> 00:11:41,671 That's not the case today . And we're 336 00:11:41,671 --> 00:11:43,504 hard at work at developing those 337 00:11:43,504 --> 00:11:45,671 partnerships , and I'm really proud of 338 00:11:45,671 --> 00:11:47,838 of that line of effort is probably the 339 00:11:47,838 --> 00:11:49,504 area that we've made the most 340 00:11:49,504 --> 00:11:51,727 significant gains over the last several 341 00:11:51,727 --> 00:11:53,838 years . Um , again , I appreciate the 342 00:11:53,838 --> 00:11:55,949 opportunity . What I'd like to do now 343 00:11:55,949 --> 00:11:58,060 is use that to kind of prime the pump 344 00:11:58,060 --> 00:12:00,282 for questions and and look forward to a 345 00:12:00,282 --> 00:12:02,449 good dialogue as we go forward . Thank 346 00:12:02,449 --> 00:12:05,690 you , General . Raymond , this is Bill 347 00:12:05,690 --> 00:12:08,120 Bender . I'm late the joint , but 348 00:12:08,130 --> 00:12:10,940 certainly have been in on your comments 349 00:12:10,940 --> 00:12:12,996 here and had all kinds of challenges 350 00:12:12,996 --> 00:12:15,051 over here in light us today and as a 351 00:12:15,051 --> 00:12:17,720 sponsor of this event and slow . But I 352 00:12:17,720 --> 00:12:19,776 have had an opportunity to collect a 353 00:12:19,776 --> 00:12:21,831 number of questions that I'd like to 354 00:12:21,831 --> 00:12:24,150 share with you , if I may . Sure . I'd 355 00:12:24,150 --> 00:12:27,500 love to use a lot of interest , 356 00:12:27,500 --> 00:12:30,840 obviously , an sda m d a s m c for 357 00:12:30,840 --> 00:12:33,530 inclusion and use of intel community 358 00:12:33,540 --> 00:12:36,920 data . I know that you , in your role 359 00:12:36,930 --> 00:12:39,660 as the Air Force base , uh , command 360 00:12:39,660 --> 00:12:42,220 commander really inspired a lot of 361 00:12:42,220 --> 00:12:44,331 partnership . Could you talk a little 362 00:12:44,331 --> 00:12:46,950 bit about you know , the importance of 363 00:12:46,950 --> 00:12:49,061 that in some of our joint programs of 364 00:12:49,061 --> 00:12:51,283 projects and specifically as it relates 365 00:12:51,283 --> 00:12:53,750 to space force working within our Oh , 366 00:12:54,340 --> 00:12:56,340 absolutely . Well , I would , uh , 367 00:12:56,350 --> 00:12:58,461 first of all , we've never . First of 368 00:12:58,461 --> 00:13:00,572 all , it's great to see And glad glad 369 00:13:00,572 --> 00:13:04,380 you're your computer . You got , uh , I 370 00:13:04,390 --> 00:13:08,360 got on the net . I First of all , 371 00:13:08,370 --> 00:13:10,370 the partnership that we enjoy today 372 00:13:10,370 --> 00:13:12,537 with the national Constance office has 373 00:13:12,537 --> 00:13:14,870 never been better . We worked that very , 374 00:13:14,870 --> 00:13:16,981 very hard over the course of the last 375 00:13:16,981 --> 00:13:20,040 handful of years in , uh uh , today we 376 00:13:20,040 --> 00:13:23,660 share a strategy . We share a con ops . 377 00:13:23,670 --> 00:13:25,760 We share an operation center . We 378 00:13:25,760 --> 00:13:27,982 shared people you know about , uh , you 379 00:13:27,982 --> 00:13:30,038 know , a significant number of space 380 00:13:30,038 --> 00:13:32,260 professionals from from the Space Force 381 00:13:32,260 --> 00:13:34,371 and therefore , historically our work 382 00:13:34,371 --> 00:13:36,704 over the National Reconnaissance Office . 383 00:13:36,704 --> 00:13:40,490 We , uh um we're also sharing programs . 384 00:13:40,500 --> 00:13:42,333 You know , we were gonna build a 385 00:13:42,333 --> 00:13:44,389 program on the Air Force side . When 386 00:13:44,389 --> 00:13:46,611 way we're still in the Air Force . That 387 00:13:46,611 --> 00:13:48,667 wasn't going to meet our needs . And 388 00:13:48,667 --> 00:13:50,778 the general was building a capability 389 00:13:50,778 --> 00:13:52,889 that would , until we killed ours and 390 00:13:52,889 --> 00:13:55,111 and shifted dollars to them on . And so 391 00:13:55,111 --> 00:13:57,111 that integration is really , really 392 00:13:57,111 --> 00:13:59,190 strong . What's driving us together 393 00:13:59,190 --> 00:14:01,301 largely is the threat . And so if you 394 00:14:01,301 --> 00:14:03,190 look at the end or omission , set 395 00:14:03,190 --> 00:14:05,760 dinero has a distinct mission . Set D O 396 00:14:05,760 --> 00:14:07,990 D Space has its distinct mission set , 397 00:14:08,000 --> 00:14:10,111 and where we come together is in this 398 00:14:10,111 --> 00:14:12,230 protect and defend going forward , I 399 00:14:12,230 --> 00:14:13,897 think we need to broaden that 400 00:14:13,897 --> 00:14:16,119 relationship even greater . Uh , and if 401 00:14:16,119 --> 00:14:18,230 you look at the mission sets now that 402 00:14:18,230 --> 00:14:20,452 smaller satellites arm or operationally 403 00:14:20,452 --> 00:14:22,860 relevant , I think there's , uh , areas 404 00:14:22,860 --> 00:14:25,027 or room for the space force to be in . 405 00:14:25,027 --> 00:14:27,193 For example , some of the tactical I s 406 00:14:27,193 --> 00:14:30,260 are missionaries . And so you're going 407 00:14:30,260 --> 00:14:32,740 to see that relationship continue , uh , 408 00:14:32,750 --> 00:14:35,660 continue to be one of our one of the 409 00:14:35,660 --> 00:14:37,771 strongest . And again we operate very 410 00:14:37,771 --> 00:14:40,450 seamlessly with the with the intro . 411 00:14:42,940 --> 00:14:46,020 So thank you for that . I read very 412 00:14:46,020 --> 00:14:48,020 recently that a bipartisan group of 413 00:14:48,020 --> 00:14:50,880 House lawmakers announced the creation 414 00:14:50,880 --> 00:14:53,830 of Space Force Caucus , focused on 415 00:14:53,830 --> 00:14:55,870 advocating for the news service and 416 00:14:55,870 --> 00:14:58,110 educating lawmakers and staffers about 417 00:14:58,120 --> 00:15:00,430 the services , objectives and 418 00:15:00,430 --> 00:15:03,040 priorities . And then the Senate 419 00:15:03,050 --> 00:15:05,780 likewise established its own space 420 00:15:05,780 --> 00:15:09,390 caucus about a month ago , and so 421 00:15:09,940 --> 00:15:12,200 obviously they're serving to advocate 422 00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:14,256 for US face force and the vital role 423 00:15:14,256 --> 00:15:15,922 that the new service plays in 424 00:15:15,922 --> 00:15:17,922 maintaining space power . As you've 425 00:15:17,922 --> 00:15:21,440 discussed , what specific advocacy do 426 00:15:21,440 --> 00:15:24,570 you believe would be most important in 427 00:15:24,570 --> 00:15:26,626 the earliest days of the stand up of 428 00:15:26,626 --> 00:15:29,120 the command , Uh , in your relations 429 00:15:29,120 --> 00:15:31,940 with Congress . And so , you know , at 430 00:15:31,940 --> 00:15:35,170 first of all , you know that back on 20 431 00:15:35,170 --> 00:15:37,337 December when the president signed the 432 00:15:37,337 --> 00:15:39,392 National Defense Authorization Act ? 433 00:15:39,392 --> 00:15:41,670 Yeah , he signed our birth certificate . 434 00:15:41,670 --> 00:15:44,003 And so Congress , by bipartisan support , 435 00:15:44,003 --> 00:15:47,390 uh , wrote this act , uh , 436 00:15:47,400 --> 00:15:50,570 that , you know , again established our 437 00:15:50,570 --> 00:15:53,020 service , and we've had really strong 438 00:15:53,020 --> 00:15:55,880 by bipartisan support as we've gone 439 00:15:55,880 --> 00:15:59,750 forward . Um , I have I have told both 440 00:15:59,760 --> 00:16:02,710 house , uh , members in the House of 441 00:16:02,710 --> 00:16:04,654 Representatives and members of the 442 00:16:04,654 --> 00:16:06,821 Senate that we wanna have a very close 443 00:16:06,821 --> 00:16:09,020 partnership and that we frequently 444 00:16:09,020 --> 00:16:12,070 provide them updates going forward . Um , 445 00:16:12,080 --> 00:16:15,450 in fact , in the law that mandates , uh , 446 00:16:15,460 --> 00:16:18,350 updates every 60 days , we're 447 00:16:18,360 --> 00:16:21,280 overachieving on that front . I don't 448 00:16:21,280 --> 00:16:23,336 want any daylight . Is we build this 449 00:16:23,336 --> 00:16:25,940 service , uh , that the congress gave 450 00:16:25,940 --> 00:16:28,620 us a lot of homework right up front . 451 00:16:28,620 --> 00:16:30,676 The first thing that they said to do 452 00:16:30,676 --> 00:16:32,640 was , uh , developing independent 453 00:16:32,640 --> 00:16:35,570 acquisition strategy , uh , for space . 454 00:16:35,580 --> 00:16:38,640 And we've done that . They told us to 455 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:40,880 do a human capital management plan , 456 00:16:40,890 --> 00:16:43,001 and we've done that . They told us to 457 00:16:43,001 --> 00:16:45,720 do a study on how the best integrate 458 00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:48,090 reserve the reserve component into this 459 00:16:48,100 --> 00:16:51,610 service . We've done that and so way 460 00:16:51,610 --> 00:16:53,666 are working very , very closely with 461 00:16:53,666 --> 00:16:57,060 Congress on on those and on , uh , 462 00:16:57,540 --> 00:16:59,970 just standard programmatic , 463 00:17:00,840 --> 00:17:04,460 uh , issues and , uh , 464 00:17:05,040 --> 00:17:08,300 providing greater fidelity on the 465 00:17:08,300 --> 00:17:10,244 challenges and the threats that we 466 00:17:10,244 --> 00:17:12,356 currently see in space . And so as we 467 00:17:12,356 --> 00:17:14,578 look to build this service , we have an 468 00:17:14,578 --> 00:17:14,490 opportunity again to start with a clean 469 00:17:14,490 --> 00:17:16,770 sheet of paper . We wanna be really 470 00:17:16,770 --> 00:17:19,520 bold in that in that vision , and it's 471 00:17:19,520 --> 00:17:21,631 gonna require support from Congress , 472 00:17:21,631 --> 00:17:23,464 and we're working very closely , 473 00:17:23,464 --> 00:17:25,687 keeping them for being on the work that 474 00:17:25,687 --> 00:17:28,890 we've done . So thank you for that . Um , 475 00:17:28,900 --> 00:17:30,789 you know , you mentioned that the 476 00:17:30,789 --> 00:17:34,610 overall galvanizing , uh , point with 477 00:17:34,610 --> 00:17:36,850 the stand up of us Space Force is that 478 00:17:36,850 --> 00:17:38,990 of protect and defend . And although 479 00:17:38,990 --> 00:17:41,850 space is a global commons , it's also a 480 00:17:41,850 --> 00:17:43,628 domain of intense international 481 00:17:43,628 --> 00:17:45,683 competition . You alluded to that in 482 00:17:45,683 --> 00:17:48,570 your remarks asses . Well , so how do 483 00:17:48,570 --> 00:17:51,000 we maintain just maybe a couple of high 484 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:53,060 level thoughts are competitive edge 485 00:17:53,060 --> 00:17:55,450 over a rapidly growing Chinese face 486 00:17:55,450 --> 00:17:58,210 program that I've read and you would 487 00:17:58,210 --> 00:18:00,321 probably know much better is assessed 488 00:18:00,321 --> 00:18:02,230 to overtake or at least compete 489 00:18:02,230 --> 00:18:04,452 directly with the U . S . And Russia in 490 00:18:04,452 --> 00:18:06,397 five years . Is the US Space Force 491 00:18:06,397 --> 00:18:09,190 pursuing partnership with members of 492 00:18:09,190 --> 00:18:11,330 the U , for example , for innovation 493 00:18:11,330 --> 00:18:13,820 and combined advantage beyond what we 494 00:18:13,820 --> 00:18:16,140 have with the today's International 495 00:18:16,140 --> 00:18:18,196 space station And he thoughts then , 496 00:18:18,196 --> 00:18:21,980 Yeah , absolutely . Um , we're 497 00:18:21,980 --> 00:18:24,202 working . And so we first of all , were 498 00:18:24,202 --> 00:18:26,980 the best in the along with our partners 499 00:18:26,980 --> 00:18:29,091 were the best in the world in space , 500 00:18:29,091 --> 00:18:30,980 and and that shouldn't be lost on 501 00:18:30,980 --> 00:18:33,810 anybody . Uh , the reason why the Space 502 00:18:33,810 --> 00:18:35,900 Force and U . S Space Command was 503 00:18:35,900 --> 00:18:37,900 established was because competitors 504 00:18:37,900 --> 00:18:39,956 were moving fast . This is this is a 505 00:18:39,956 --> 00:18:42,067 critical part of the national defense 506 00:18:42,067 --> 00:18:44,289 strategy and to compete to turn , win . 507 00:18:44,289 --> 00:18:46,456 And so our job is to make sure that we 508 00:18:46,456 --> 00:18:48,456 don't get over taken , that we stay 509 00:18:48,456 --> 00:18:50,456 ahead of that that threat , And I'm 510 00:18:50,456 --> 00:18:52,511 convinced that we're gonna do that . 511 00:18:52,511 --> 00:18:51,980 We're gonna do that in very close 512 00:18:51,980 --> 00:18:53,980 partnership with their partners . I 513 00:18:53,980 --> 00:18:56,210 talked about before , just a little bit 514 00:18:56,210 --> 00:18:58,154 ago , that that we didn't have the 515 00:18:58,154 --> 00:19:00,377 partners that we needed in spaces or we 516 00:19:00,377 --> 00:19:02,043 didn't have partners in space 517 00:19:02,043 --> 00:19:04,043 historically , because we're on the 518 00:19:04,043 --> 00:19:03,950 military side , because we really 519 00:19:03,950 --> 00:19:06,117 didn't need them . We are working that 520 00:19:06,117 --> 00:19:08,172 very , very hard . In fact , when we 521 00:19:08,172 --> 00:19:10,117 stood up U S Space Command when we 522 00:19:10,117 --> 00:19:12,810 planned that command I activated 523 00:19:12,820 --> 00:19:15,320 established a combined for space 524 00:19:15,320 --> 00:19:17,431 component command out of Vandenberg . 525 00:19:17,431 --> 00:19:19,376 So the operational component to us 526 00:19:19,376 --> 00:19:21,598 Basic Man is a combined command . First 527 00:19:21,598 --> 00:19:24,170 time ever , we have opened up 528 00:19:24,180 --> 00:19:26,920 significantly more training , uh , 529 00:19:26,930 --> 00:19:30,090 opportunities for Allied partners . Way 530 00:19:30,090 --> 00:19:32,312 play War games together with our allied 531 00:19:32,312 --> 00:19:34,201 partners were developing normally 532 00:19:34,201 --> 00:19:36,770 behavior , uh , with our ally , uh , 533 00:19:36,770 --> 00:19:40,080 partners . We are now looking to not 534 00:19:40,080 --> 00:19:43,340 just do we share data broadly with our 535 00:19:43,340 --> 00:19:45,340 allies . Partners are our operation 536 00:19:45,340 --> 00:19:47,570 centers are connected together , Uh , 537 00:19:47,580 --> 00:19:50,290 and in the future , Uh , not just in 538 00:19:50,290 --> 00:19:52,730 the future . And today , and more so in 539 00:19:52,730 --> 00:19:55,008 the future , we want to share programs . 540 00:19:55,008 --> 00:19:58,450 And so , uh , we just for example , uh , 541 00:19:59,240 --> 00:20:01,680 put , uh , came into agreement with 542 00:20:01,680 --> 00:20:03,736 Norway to put two hosted payloads on 543 00:20:03,736 --> 00:20:05,680 Norwegian satellites that saved us 544 00:20:05,680 --> 00:20:08,150 almost $900 million . And because their 545 00:20:08,160 --> 00:20:10,260 their satellite program was a little 546 00:20:10,260 --> 00:20:12,371 ahead of us in timing , they will get 547 00:20:12,371 --> 00:20:14,482 escaped building on orbit faster than 548 00:20:14,482 --> 00:20:16,704 if we would have to build the satellite 549 00:20:16,704 --> 00:20:18,927 yourself . We're putting hosted payload 550 00:20:18,927 --> 00:20:20,982 on a Japanese was called accused DSS 551 00:20:20,982 --> 00:20:23,204 satellite , which is a GPS augmentation 552 00:20:23,204 --> 00:20:25,427 satellite . Putting an s s a payload on 553 00:20:25,427 --> 00:20:27,316 that satellite again . Uh , we're 554 00:20:27,316 --> 00:20:29,427 developing the C two systems together 555 00:20:29,427 --> 00:20:31,316 because our operation centers are 556 00:20:31,316 --> 00:20:34,030 linked . So I couldn't be more excited 557 00:20:34,030 --> 00:20:35,808 for where we're headed with our 558 00:20:35,808 --> 00:20:37,641 partners . And we think that's a 559 00:20:37,641 --> 00:20:39,863 critical part of this competition going 560 00:20:39,863 --> 00:20:43,680 forward . Yeah , and 561 00:20:43,690 --> 00:20:47,120 likewise , you've been very vocal on 562 00:20:47,130 --> 00:20:49,110 the , you know , the fact that the 563 00:20:49,110 --> 00:20:51,110 space force needs to be a disrupter 564 00:20:51,110 --> 00:20:53,277 innovator . You talked to that again . 565 00:20:53,277 --> 00:20:55,443 And you're one of your lines of effort 566 00:20:55,443 --> 00:20:57,388 to drive the significant and rapid 567 00:20:57,388 --> 00:20:59,443 change that's required . Rapid being 568 00:20:59,443 --> 00:21:01,790 key , the need for speed . How do you 569 00:21:01,790 --> 00:21:04,200 see robotics , autonomy , artificial 570 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:06,510 intelligence , advancements and things 571 00:21:06,510 --> 00:21:08,232 of that nature in this digital 572 00:21:08,232 --> 00:21:11,370 transformation , Uh , world that we're 573 00:21:11,370 --> 00:21:14,010 living in playing in the future for 574 00:21:14,010 --> 00:21:16,460 space operations ? And what strategic 575 00:21:16,460 --> 00:21:19,310 investments in particular around R and 576 00:21:19,310 --> 00:21:21,600 D do you believe must be made in the 577 00:21:21,600 --> 00:21:25,540 next 2 to 4 years ? Yeah . So not 578 00:21:25,540 --> 00:21:27,873 only is it important to the space force , 579 00:21:27,873 --> 00:21:30,096 it's My personal opinion is we're gonna 580 00:21:30,096 --> 00:21:32,410 be leading that effort . Uh , it's 581 00:21:32,410 --> 00:21:34,390 critical . Dark toe , successful 582 00:21:34,390 --> 00:21:36,501 operations in the domain . Just think 583 00:21:36,501 --> 00:21:38,668 of the size of the domain . You know , 584 00:21:38,668 --> 00:21:41,780 if you look at the the UCP for for the 585 00:21:41,780 --> 00:21:43,950 U . S . Space command mission it it's 586 00:21:43,950 --> 00:21:47,920 the UCP uh , assigns the U . 587 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:50,253 S . Space Command with a Naor . In fact , 588 00:21:50,253 --> 00:21:52,309 when U S Space Command stood up , it 589 00:21:52,309 --> 00:21:54,087 was it stood up Is a geographic 590 00:21:54,087 --> 00:21:56,260 combatant command . It has an A r and 591 00:21:56,260 --> 00:21:58,316 that a R is 100 kilometers above the 592 00:21:58,316 --> 00:22:00,900 earth's surface and higher , that is , 593 00:22:01,270 --> 00:22:04,060 that is huge . And if you look at the 594 00:22:04,060 --> 00:22:06,116 operations that happened in that the 595 00:22:06,116 --> 00:22:08,270 main , uh , whether it's military 596 00:22:08,270 --> 00:22:10,270 operations , commercial operation , 597 00:22:10,270 --> 00:22:13,340 civil operations , um , intelligence 598 00:22:13,340 --> 00:22:15,507 operations , those operations happened 599 00:22:15,507 --> 00:22:19,170 at a speed that is way faster than 600 00:22:19,170 --> 00:22:22,260 anything that happens on on the sea or 601 00:22:22,260 --> 00:22:24,880 on the lander and or in there we're 602 00:22:24,880 --> 00:22:27,102 talking , you know , objects in space , 603 00:22:27,102 --> 00:22:29,269 traveling 17,500 miles an hour just to 604 00:22:29,269 --> 00:22:31,491 stay into orbit just to stay in orbit . 605 00:22:31,491 --> 00:22:33,602 If you look at threats that come from 606 00:22:33,602 --> 00:22:35,550 the ground like China did in 2007 607 00:22:35,560 --> 00:22:37,338 launched a missile to blow up a 608 00:22:37,338 --> 00:22:39,504 satellite that reaches low Earth orbit 609 00:22:39,504 --> 00:22:41,504 in a matter of minutes . And so you 610 00:22:41,504 --> 00:22:43,990 can't operate in that domain in a 611 00:22:43,990 --> 00:22:46,350 contested space domain without the 612 00:22:46,350 --> 00:22:48,530 tools and capabilities that you 613 00:22:48,530 --> 00:22:50,586 described . And we want to be on the 614 00:22:50,586 --> 00:22:52,530 front line Frontline of that , our 615 00:22:52,530 --> 00:22:55,300 first big step going forward is this 616 00:22:55,300 --> 00:22:57,189 digital engineering to get us the 617 00:22:57,189 --> 00:22:58,856 ability to go fast . And this 618 00:22:58,856 --> 00:23:00,967 engineering , we want to get industry 619 00:23:00,967 --> 00:23:03,078 there with us . Help us get there . I 620 00:23:03,078 --> 00:23:04,856 think autonomy is going to be a 621 00:23:04,856 --> 00:23:08,500 significant piece for for the space 622 00:23:08,500 --> 00:23:10,722 Force . And I think reusability is also 623 00:23:10,722 --> 00:23:13,410 going to be significant . Provide a 624 00:23:13,410 --> 00:23:15,077 significant advantage for the 625 00:23:15,077 --> 00:23:19,000 spacewalks going for Yeah , thank you 626 00:23:19,000 --> 00:23:21,056 for that . The other thing . But I'd 627 00:23:21,056 --> 00:23:24,370 say the ability you've heard the 628 00:23:25,340 --> 00:23:28,280 Yeah , the joint joint forces talk 629 00:23:28,280 --> 00:23:30,440 about jazz . See to you know , that 630 00:23:30,450 --> 00:23:32,617 ability to connect sensor to shooter . 631 00:23:32,617 --> 00:23:35,910 Uh , the space force developed . We 632 00:23:35,910 --> 00:23:38,077 don't have a C two system that we need 633 00:23:38,077 --> 00:23:40,299 in space today . So we've been building 634 00:23:40,299 --> 00:23:43,150 this for a couple years and and way 635 00:23:43,160 --> 00:23:45,940 built the data infrastructure for that 636 00:23:45,940 --> 00:23:47,996 jazzy to all . Came out of the space 637 00:23:47,996 --> 00:23:50,560 Force and , uh , called you d l . So we 638 00:23:50,560 --> 00:23:53,690 are all in on that on jazzy Tua's Well , 639 00:23:53,700 --> 00:23:56,110 having the standards to be ableto 640 00:23:56,120 --> 00:23:57,953 connect sensor to shooter across 641 00:23:57,953 --> 00:24:00,120 multiple domains and be ableto come up 642 00:24:00,120 --> 00:24:02,630 with , uh , decisions that the speed 643 00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:04,463 that we're gonna need them to be 644 00:24:04,463 --> 00:24:06,463 successful is where we're heading . 645 00:24:06,540 --> 00:24:08,762 It's very interesting that you bring up 646 00:24:08,762 --> 00:24:11,180 jazz . See to it it seems the perfect 647 00:24:11,180 --> 00:24:13,347 storm in terms of between the chairman 648 00:24:13,347 --> 00:24:15,236 and the vice chairman and all the 649 00:24:15,236 --> 00:24:17,402 service chiefs . As we understand it , 650 00:24:17,402 --> 00:24:19,402 sometimes you have to pick it up in 651 00:24:19,402 --> 00:24:21,624 separate periodic ALS or whatever . But 652 00:24:21,624 --> 00:24:23,736 every service chief is aligned on the 653 00:24:23,736 --> 00:24:26,280 need for jazz . See to to be successful , 654 00:24:26,300 --> 00:24:29,460 stay inside of the enemies . Ouda Loop , 655 00:24:29,460 --> 00:24:32,870 if you will . And so I take it from 656 00:24:32,870 --> 00:24:35,480 your comments that is a service chief . 657 00:24:35,480 --> 00:24:38,260 You are also very much , you know , to 658 00:24:38,260 --> 00:24:40,316 that way of thinking as a number one 659 00:24:40,316 --> 00:24:43,520 priority . I'm sorry . Repeat that last 660 00:24:43,520 --> 00:24:46,930 but jazz see to specifically as a high 661 00:24:46,930 --> 00:24:49,390 priority from where you sit in your 662 00:24:49,390 --> 00:24:51,168 part of the larger enterprise . 663 00:24:51,168 --> 00:24:53,390 Absolutely . It's in fact , I would say 664 00:24:53,390 --> 00:24:55,850 it's our highest party . Okay , Great . 665 00:24:56,240 --> 00:24:59,580 Um , so again , you mentioned very 666 00:24:59,580 --> 00:25:03,210 briefly in your remarks that thes 667 00:25:03,210 --> 00:25:05,930 space force while the reality now is 668 00:25:05,930 --> 00:25:08,152 just building clearly under the wing of 669 00:25:08,152 --> 00:25:10,263 the Air Force . Initially in terms of 670 00:25:10,263 --> 00:25:12,152 relationship but now separate and 671 00:25:12,152 --> 00:25:14,150 distinct on you mentioned the 672 00:25:14,160 --> 00:25:16,104 resemblance , if you will , to the 673 00:25:16,104 --> 00:25:18,327 Marines and the Navy . If you talk to a 674 00:25:18,327 --> 00:25:20,327 Marine , uh , they're going to talk 675 00:25:20,327 --> 00:25:22,104 about the significance of their 676 00:25:22,104 --> 00:25:24,382 independence in terms of their history , 677 00:25:24,382 --> 00:25:26,382 their imagery , the perception that 678 00:25:26,382 --> 00:25:28,880 people have this Marine , every Marine 679 00:25:28,880 --> 00:25:31,213 being a rifleman and so on and so forth . 680 00:25:31,213 --> 00:25:33,620 How can you ensure that the U . S . 681 00:25:33,620 --> 00:25:36,120 Space Force has a strong , independent , 682 00:25:36,130 --> 00:25:39,020 identifiable presence in national life ? 683 00:25:39,140 --> 00:25:41,196 Do you see that as being significant 684 00:25:41,196 --> 00:25:43,430 where you are today ? I absolutely do 685 00:25:43,430 --> 00:25:46,850 see a significant , in fact , chief 686 00:25:46,850 --> 00:25:49,072 golfing . And I talked a lot about this 687 00:25:49,072 --> 00:25:51,183 and and Chief Brown and I continue to 688 00:25:51,183 --> 00:25:53,294 talk about it . But , you know , when 689 00:25:53,294 --> 00:25:55,239 we started this , Chief Kofi and I 690 00:25:55,239 --> 00:25:57,406 talked about , uh , you know , wanting 691 00:25:57,406 --> 00:25:59,461 to get this right and he has a story 692 00:25:59,461 --> 00:26:01,406 where he talked about . He has two 693 00:26:01,406 --> 00:26:03,628 granddaughters . They're the same age . 694 00:26:03,628 --> 00:26:05,850 And , you know , in 20 years from now , 695 00:26:05,850 --> 00:26:07,961 when they graduate from the Air Force 696 00:26:07,961 --> 00:26:07,120 Academy , one of is going to join the 697 00:26:07,120 --> 00:26:09,176 Space Force and one of them going to 698 00:26:09,176 --> 00:26:11,342 join the Air Force . And if we do this 699 00:26:11,342 --> 00:26:13,398 right there , the services , they're 700 00:26:13,398 --> 00:26:15,731 gonna be built on a foundation of trust . 701 00:26:15,731 --> 00:26:15,680 And so we're committed to doing that . 702 00:26:16,240 --> 00:26:18,351 The other piece of this , though , is 703 00:26:18,351 --> 00:26:20,407 that we are independent , and I laid 704 00:26:20,407 --> 00:26:22,684 out the five things that we have to do . 705 00:26:22,684 --> 00:26:22,550 In my opinion , they have to do 706 00:26:22,550 --> 00:26:24,272 separate if you're gonna be an 707 00:26:24,272 --> 00:26:26,383 independent service . And so there is 708 00:26:26,383 --> 00:26:28,606 that level of independence and there is 709 00:26:28,606 --> 00:26:30,772 a risk , uh , that the Air Force could 710 00:26:30,772 --> 00:26:33,270 hug us too closely , and so that would 711 00:26:33,270 --> 00:26:36,300 not be helpful to us or them . The Air 712 00:26:36,300 --> 00:26:38,730 Force is gonna need us , uh , to be an 713 00:26:38,730 --> 00:26:40,619 independent service with the full 714 00:26:40,619 --> 00:26:42,786 weight of an independent service to be 715 00:26:42,786 --> 00:26:44,952 able to ride them what they need to be 716 00:26:44,952 --> 00:26:47,063 able to support their Mrs , as is all 717 00:26:47,063 --> 00:26:48,952 the other services . So Aziz were 718 00:26:48,952 --> 00:26:51,174 planning this ? Uh , you know , the way 719 00:26:51,174 --> 00:26:53,610 the space force was was constructed in 720 00:26:53,610 --> 00:26:56,380 law ? Was that really the only thing 721 00:26:56,380 --> 00:26:58,491 that comes into the space force ? Our 722 00:26:58,491 --> 00:27:00,158 space operators , engineers , 723 00:27:00,158 --> 00:27:02,740 acquisition experts , cyber , some 724 00:27:02,750 --> 00:27:04,610 cyber experts and some software 725 00:27:04,620 --> 00:27:06,842 programmers everything else we're gonna 726 00:27:06,842 --> 00:27:08,842 rely on the Air Force where all the 727 00:27:08,842 --> 00:27:11,090 support functions , you know , um , 728 00:27:11,100 --> 00:27:13,267 security forces , civil engineering we 729 00:27:13,267 --> 00:27:15,800 are focusing on the space superiority 730 00:27:15,800 --> 00:27:18,170 missing and being ableto provide space 731 00:27:18,170 --> 00:27:20,114 capabilities are joining coalition 732 00:27:20,114 --> 00:27:22,059 partners that are assured . And so 733 00:27:22,059 --> 00:27:24,003 there's always gonna be this close 734 00:27:24,003 --> 00:27:26,170 partnership . But we are independent , 735 00:27:26,170 --> 00:27:28,503 and we're making sure that we plan this , 736 00:27:28,503 --> 00:27:30,726 that we that we purposefully build that 737 00:27:30,726 --> 00:27:32,948 independence , where is needed and that 738 00:27:32,948 --> 00:27:35,059 we rely and where it's where it's not 739 00:27:35,059 --> 00:27:36,892 needed , that there's a seamless 740 00:27:36,892 --> 00:27:38,948 partnership with Air Force . So if I 741 00:27:38,948 --> 00:27:40,892 could just follow on there because 742 00:27:40,892 --> 00:27:43,700 you're initial strategy doctrine for 743 00:27:43,700 --> 00:27:46,210 space space power really talk 744 00:27:46,210 --> 00:27:49,600 significantly about space superiority , 745 00:27:49,610 --> 00:27:52,420 Um , as part of that future doctrine . 746 00:27:52,430 --> 00:27:56,010 What doctrinal shifts , if you will do 747 00:27:56,010 --> 00:27:58,232 you forsee coming that deviate from the 748 00:27:58,232 --> 00:28:01,210 current Dr Established an Air Force or 749 00:28:01,210 --> 00:28:03,700 joint doctrine ? Yeah , we've had 750 00:28:03,700 --> 00:28:05,922 doctrine space doctrine for years , and 751 00:28:05,922 --> 00:28:08,033 it was largely if you look at it . It 752 00:28:08,033 --> 00:28:09,756 was largely about taking space 753 00:28:09,756 --> 00:28:11,811 capabilities , integrating them into 754 00:28:11,811 --> 00:28:13,978 the joint in Cola's and fight , making 755 00:28:13,978 --> 00:28:16,200 those other domains better on DSO . You 756 00:28:16,200 --> 00:28:18,422 know , that largely stemmed from Desert 757 00:28:18,422 --> 00:28:20,589 Storm and from , you know , coming out 758 00:28:20,589 --> 00:28:22,422 of Desert Storm , where we first 759 00:28:22,422 --> 00:28:24,589 integrated space capabilities into the 760 00:28:24,589 --> 00:28:27,610 fight , Uh , in a in a Naor , it proved 761 00:28:27,620 --> 00:28:30,610 very advantageous . And , you know , is 762 00:28:30,610 --> 00:28:34,420 a young captain at that time . Uh , you 763 00:28:34,420 --> 00:28:36,420 know , after Desert Storm , General 764 00:28:36,420 --> 00:28:38,587 Horner , who was the J fact for Desert 765 00:28:38,587 --> 00:28:41,530 Storm hey , got reassigned as the 766 00:28:41,530 --> 00:28:43,697 commander of Air Force Space Command . 767 00:28:43,697 --> 00:28:45,641 And that was purposeful . That was 768 00:28:45,641 --> 00:28:47,752 bringing the war fighter in that just 769 00:28:47,752 --> 00:28:49,808 had the experience of just beginning 770 00:28:49,808 --> 00:28:51,919 the integration of space into theater 771 00:28:51,919 --> 00:28:54,141 operations and trying to take that to a 772 00:28:54,141 --> 00:28:56,141 new level almost my entire career . 773 00:28:56,141 --> 00:28:58,252 Since that time was spent integrating 774 00:28:58,252 --> 00:29:00,360 space into those into the into that 775 00:29:00,360 --> 00:29:02,360 fight . And we've done that . We've 776 00:29:02,360 --> 00:29:04,471 done spectacularly . Nobody can touch 777 00:29:04,471 --> 00:29:06,527 us on that . I mean , if you look at 778 00:29:06,527 --> 00:29:08,582 how we've we've integrated , there's 779 00:29:08,582 --> 00:29:10,749 nothing we do is a joint and coalition 780 00:29:10,749 --> 00:29:10,190 force today that isn't enabled by that 781 00:29:10,190 --> 00:29:12,290 integration . The challenges are 782 00:29:12,290 --> 00:29:14,401 adversaries have had a front row seat 783 00:29:14,401 --> 00:29:17,090 on , and they have are developing 784 00:29:17,940 --> 00:29:21,780 threats . Thio deny us that advantage . 785 00:29:22,340 --> 00:29:24,680 And so it's no longer good enough just 786 00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:26,569 to think about spaces that benign 787 00:29:26,569 --> 00:29:28,680 domain . And how do I integrate space 788 00:29:28,680 --> 00:29:30,902 in this benign domain you have to treat 789 00:29:30,902 --> 00:29:32,902 It is a war fighting domain and you 790 00:29:32,902 --> 00:29:35,470 have to look at what else can space do 791 00:29:35,470 --> 00:29:38,420 besides just making the other domains , 792 00:29:38,430 --> 00:29:41,000 uh , more effective ? We want to 793 00:29:41,000 --> 00:29:43,167 continue to do that , but we also want 794 00:29:43,167 --> 00:29:45,222 to develop independent officers from 795 00:29:45,222 --> 00:29:47,333 the space domain , which we think can 796 00:29:47,333 --> 00:29:49,556 help amplify the deterrence message . A 797 00:29:49,556 --> 00:29:53,080 za beginning . So how would 798 00:29:53,080 --> 00:29:56,940 you imagine or envision planning 799 00:29:56,940 --> 00:29:59,170 to use commercial space assets ? 800 00:29:59,180 --> 00:30:01,291 There's been this proliferation . For 801 00:30:01,291 --> 00:30:05,170 example , in Leo Constellations , How 802 00:30:05,180 --> 00:30:07,310 comfortable are you with using such 803 00:30:07,310 --> 00:30:09,588 assets ? First , relying on , you know , 804 00:30:09,588 --> 00:30:12,250 sort of dedicated military developed 805 00:30:12,250 --> 00:30:15,780 and deployed space systems like you've 806 00:30:15,780 --> 00:30:17,780 been used to coming up see huge 807 00:30:17,780 --> 00:30:20,002 opportunities with that going forward . 808 00:30:20,002 --> 00:30:22,210 Historically , where we've leveraged 809 00:30:22,210 --> 00:30:24,480 commercial industry is twofold . One is 810 00:30:24,480 --> 00:30:26,647 on commercial launch . And if you look 811 00:30:26,647 --> 00:30:28,869 at the launch , our launch capabilities 812 00:30:28,869 --> 00:30:31,091 today we buy , we buy services people . 813 00:30:31,091 --> 00:30:33,890 So with both u . L . A . And Space X 814 00:30:33,890 --> 00:30:36,450 today , um , the other area that we 815 00:30:36,450 --> 00:30:38,561 relied very heavily on his commercial 816 00:30:38,561 --> 00:30:40,672 big , large commercial communications 817 00:30:40,672 --> 00:30:42,561 satellites because those were the 818 00:30:42,561 --> 00:30:44,960 things that were viable and commercial 819 00:30:44,960 --> 00:30:46,940 industry . Now that technology has 820 00:30:46,940 --> 00:30:49,051 allowed smaller satellites to beam or 821 00:30:49,051 --> 00:30:52,390 operationally relevant . Hence the , uh , 822 00:30:52,400 --> 00:30:54,622 what you just talked about proliferated 823 00:30:54,622 --> 00:30:57,400 Leo constellations uh , we think there 824 00:30:57,400 --> 00:31:00,610 is a great , uh , role to be played by 825 00:31:00,610 --> 00:31:02,777 those . And so this forced design that 826 00:31:02,777 --> 00:31:04,832 we're going to develop is all is all 827 00:31:04,832 --> 00:31:07,810 about , uh , you know , where What's 828 00:31:07,810 --> 00:31:10,520 the best orbit to do ? The mission . Uh , 829 00:31:10,530 --> 00:31:14,510 how , uh , how fast can you get it 830 00:31:14,510 --> 00:31:16,510 on or what's the cost ? And can you 831 00:31:16,510 --> 00:31:18,621 protect it ? And if you balance those 832 00:31:18,621 --> 00:31:20,788 attributes , I think what you're gonna 833 00:31:20,788 --> 00:31:22,843 see is you're gonna come up with the 834 00:31:22,843 --> 00:31:24,899 hybrid hybrid approach on . It's not 835 00:31:24,899 --> 00:31:27,870 just gonna be the one off big , very 836 00:31:27,870 --> 00:31:30,080 expensive handmade wooden shoes , 837 00:31:30,090 --> 00:31:32,750 architecture er it will be more 838 00:31:32,750 --> 00:31:34,806 proliferated . Architecture . That's 839 00:31:34,806 --> 00:31:36,972 that's more defendable going forward . 840 00:31:38,540 --> 00:31:41,660 So let me let me give you an example . 841 00:31:41,670 --> 00:31:44,620 I talked up front about Thea . Other 842 00:31:44,620 --> 00:31:46,898 thing it does is it helps us go faster . 843 00:31:46,898 --> 00:31:50,100 And so , if you look at , I mentioned 844 00:31:50,110 --> 00:31:52,530 earlier that if you look at what if we 845 00:31:52,530 --> 00:31:55,540 wanted to buy a clone today of , let's 846 00:31:55,540 --> 00:31:58,680 say , a GPS satellite on exact replica 847 00:31:58,690 --> 00:32:00,801 of what we have on orbit today . It's 848 00:32:00,801 --> 00:32:02,912 gonna take us a handful years just to 849 00:32:02,912 --> 00:32:04,780 do that just to buy a clone and 850 00:32:04,780 --> 00:32:07,090 commercial industry is building 851 00:32:07,090 --> 00:32:10,540 satellites , uh , at a pace much 852 00:32:10,540 --> 00:32:13,930 faster , much , much faster . And , you 853 00:32:13,930 --> 00:32:17,860 know , uh , designing , building 854 00:32:17,860 --> 00:32:20,830 and launching hundreds and hundreds of 855 00:32:20,830 --> 00:32:24,350 satellites , Uh , in in months rather 856 00:32:24,350 --> 00:32:27,090 than years . We want to capitalize on 857 00:32:27,090 --> 00:32:29,034 that business model where it makes 858 00:32:29,034 --> 00:32:30,979 sense , Not all mission areas . It 859 00:32:30,979 --> 00:32:32,923 doesn't make sense for all mission 860 00:32:32,923 --> 00:32:35,090 areas , but in a lot of them , it does 861 00:32:35,440 --> 00:32:37,890 so maybe switching topic a little bit . 862 00:32:37,890 --> 00:32:41,150 But I think very much tied thio , you 863 00:32:41,150 --> 00:32:44,040 know , sort of commercial uses in space 864 00:32:44,040 --> 00:32:46,207 and and a shared responsibility in our 865 00:32:46,207 --> 00:32:48,490 national security enterprise . The 866 00:32:48,500 --> 00:32:50,556 question comes in from a commander , 867 00:32:50,556 --> 00:32:53,980 Mike Bull Trumbull , and it's 868 00:32:54,320 --> 00:32:56,542 I would just as a service chief , asked 869 00:32:56,542 --> 00:32:58,653 for your reaction to this and maybe a 870 00:32:58,653 --> 00:33:00,764 few thoughts he says You mentioned in 871 00:33:00,764 --> 00:33:02,820 the intent to establish light , lean 872 00:33:02,820 --> 00:33:04,720 and agile team Lighten , lean 873 00:33:04,730 --> 00:33:07,860 historically is challenging , given the 874 00:33:07,860 --> 00:33:10,550 concern about being realistically 875 00:33:10,550 --> 00:33:12,494 achievable in light of the growing 876 00:33:12,494 --> 00:33:14,661 great power competition , according to 877 00:33:14,661 --> 00:33:17,160 the N . D . S . And so some might argue 878 00:33:17,160 --> 00:33:20,070 it's viewed is a tactic to get on , you 879 00:33:20,070 --> 00:33:22,181 know , sort of some kind of funding . 880 00:33:22,181 --> 00:33:24,403 Reality , I believe , is the point that 881 00:33:24,403 --> 00:33:26,403 he's making , and he's just kind of 882 00:33:26,403 --> 00:33:29,170 wondering in terms off the receptive as 883 00:33:29,170 --> 00:33:32,810 to , um , you know , funding what you 884 00:33:32,810 --> 00:33:34,921 are being asked to do in building out 885 00:33:34,921 --> 00:33:38,060 the force on them , you know , sort of 886 00:33:38,070 --> 00:33:40,440 developing a future where we keep our 887 00:33:40,440 --> 00:33:42,970 competitive advantage in space s I 888 00:33:42,970 --> 00:33:45,192 think there's a balance A Z I mentioned 889 00:33:45,192 --> 00:33:47,248 up front , and I believe this in all 890 00:33:47,248 --> 00:33:49,414 sincerity . We do not want to be big . 891 00:33:49,640 --> 00:33:53,060 I felt a lot with commercial industry . 892 00:33:53,070 --> 00:33:55,760 And one of the things that I hear every 893 00:33:55,760 --> 00:33:59,610 time I meet with the CEO of a 894 00:33:59,620 --> 00:34:01,810 innovative commercial industry company 895 00:34:01,810 --> 00:34:04,200 is that big is slow and we don't wanna 896 00:34:04,200 --> 00:34:06,311 be slow . And the reason why we don't 897 00:34:06,311 --> 00:34:08,478 wanna be slow is because of the domain 898 00:34:08,478 --> 00:34:10,589 in which we operate . I told you , we 899 00:34:10,589 --> 00:34:12,700 start out . Air Force had planned for 900 00:34:12,700 --> 00:34:14,811 about eight months before the law was 901 00:34:14,811 --> 00:34:17,033 signed , establishing the space force . 902 00:34:17,033 --> 00:34:19,256 The Space Force had done planning . And 903 00:34:19,256 --> 00:34:21,478 the plan was to have 1000 and 35 people 904 00:34:21,478 --> 00:34:23,644 in the space staff in the headquarters 905 00:34:23,644 --> 00:34:25,970 at the Pentagon and I , you know , 20 906 00:34:25,970 --> 00:34:28,760 December I was named the CSO , and I 907 00:34:28,760 --> 00:34:30,649 inherited this plan and I started 908 00:34:30,649 --> 00:34:32,816 reviewing and I said , Okay , what are 909 00:34:32,816 --> 00:34:34,927 1000 35 people gonna do , And you and 910 00:34:34,927 --> 00:34:37,480 you and I served as , uh , partners 911 00:34:37,480 --> 00:34:39,990 here on the air staff a few years ago . 912 00:34:39,990 --> 00:34:41,934 And there was nowhere near that on 913 00:34:41,934 --> 00:34:44,046 their staff is related to space . And 914 00:34:44,046 --> 00:34:46,720 so the challenges you could be to light 915 00:34:46,720 --> 00:34:48,998 and to lean and you can't be effective . 916 00:34:48,998 --> 00:34:52,050 Uh , but you can be too big in the 917 00:34:52,060 --> 00:34:54,282 challenges hitting the sweet spot . And 918 00:34:54,282 --> 00:34:57,330 I think , Aziz , we operate in a 919 00:34:57,340 --> 00:34:59,340 department of Defense . You have to 920 00:34:59,340 --> 00:35:01,507 have enough mass to be able to operate 921 00:35:01,507 --> 00:35:03,562 effectively inside the bureaucracy . 922 00:35:03,562 --> 00:35:05,790 But we also want to be a leader of 923 00:35:05,800 --> 00:35:08,022 change and be an incubator for change . 924 00:35:08,022 --> 00:35:10,880 And so we whittled that down 40% That 925 00:35:10,880 --> 00:35:13,210 staff down 40% and we're not even and 926 00:35:13,210 --> 00:35:15,210 we're still growing . We only got a 927 00:35:15,210 --> 00:35:17,266 couple 100 folks on staff today . It 928 00:35:17,266 --> 00:35:19,377 will grow to 600 over the next couple 929 00:35:19,377 --> 00:35:21,154 years . On the budget side , we 930 00:35:21,154 --> 00:35:23,377 inherited the budget that the Air Force 931 00:35:23,377 --> 00:35:25,432 had for space . And so we've already 932 00:35:25,432 --> 00:35:27,543 carved that out in every bit of those 933 00:35:27,543 --> 00:35:29,766 dollars are now part of the Space Force 934 00:35:29,766 --> 00:35:31,821 dollars . Then we've we've submitted 935 00:35:31,821 --> 00:35:34,099 our first parliament first budget , uh , 936 00:35:34,099 --> 00:35:36,043 to Congress . So its purpose . Its 937 00:35:36,043 --> 00:35:38,210 purposely being built is being small , 938 00:35:38,210 --> 00:35:40,377 based on the the strategic environment 939 00:35:40,377 --> 00:35:42,599 that we face in space . We'll see if we 940 00:35:42,599 --> 00:35:45,060 have it , right . If I can press on 941 00:35:45,060 --> 00:35:47,227 that and this is you , you'll probably 942 00:35:47,227 --> 00:35:49,227 have to correct me to 100% . But it 943 00:35:49,227 --> 00:35:51,116 seems as if the least the initial 944 00:35:51,116 --> 00:35:53,171 majority of your force came from the 945 00:35:53,171 --> 00:35:55,820 Air Force by design . But that is 946 00:35:55,820 --> 00:35:58,510 certainly not the long term plan . 947 00:35:58,510 --> 00:36:00,621 Right ? So the Associated Subordinate 948 00:36:00,621 --> 00:36:03,360 organizations and units as they are 949 00:36:03,360 --> 00:36:05,530 further developed and built out , you 950 00:36:05,530 --> 00:36:07,980 mentioned your headquarters size . But 951 00:36:07,980 --> 00:36:10,940 what is the what can you share with us 952 00:36:10,940 --> 00:36:13,490 in terms of the service ? Compliments 953 00:36:13,490 --> 00:36:16,250 from the other services . And how large 954 00:36:16,260 --> 00:36:19,580 is US face force currently envisioned 955 00:36:19,580 --> 00:36:22,540 to be in total once complete . And so , 956 00:36:22,550 --> 00:36:26,260 um uh , let me start with that last 957 00:36:26,260 --> 00:36:30,000 part today on . So on 1 958 00:36:30,000 --> 00:36:32,056 December , when the president signed 959 00:36:32,056 --> 00:36:34,222 the National Defense Authorization Act 960 00:36:34,222 --> 00:36:36,389 establishing the U . S . Space force . 961 00:36:36,389 --> 00:36:38,333 That night we took Air Force Space 962 00:36:38,333 --> 00:36:40,500 Command , which was a major command of 963 00:36:40,500 --> 00:36:40,470 United States Air Force , and we 964 00:36:40,470 --> 00:36:42,730 assigned those forces to the United 965 00:36:42,730 --> 00:36:44,786 States Space Force . There's roughly 966 00:36:44,786 --> 00:36:46,940 16,000 people that were assigned to 967 00:36:46,940 --> 00:36:50,680 that . And then since then , uh , we 968 00:36:50,680 --> 00:36:52,736 went across the Air Force and said , 969 00:36:52,736 --> 00:36:54,958 Okay , what else is the Air Force doing 970 00:36:54,958 --> 00:36:57,069 in space ? That what ? It wasn't part 971 00:36:57,069 --> 00:36:58,902 of Air Force Space Command , for 972 00:36:58,902 --> 00:37:00,958 example , air education and training 973 00:37:00,958 --> 00:37:03,180 command . During the development pieces 974 00:37:03,180 --> 00:37:05,236 for space , we pulled that over some 975 00:37:05,236 --> 00:37:07,458 intelligence functions . We pulled over 976 00:37:07,458 --> 00:37:09,736 some cyber capabilities We pulled over . 977 00:37:09,736 --> 00:37:11,791 I mean , we went through the rest of 978 00:37:11,791 --> 00:37:14,124 the Air Force Research Lab capabilities . 979 00:37:14,124 --> 00:37:13,530 We pulled over warfare center 980 00:37:13,540 --> 00:37:15,596 capabilities . We pulled over and so 981 00:37:15,596 --> 00:37:18,250 way excise space out of every piece of 982 00:37:18,250 --> 00:37:20,472 the air Force . Now , in doing so , you 983 00:37:20,472 --> 00:37:22,528 can't break the Air Force . And when 984 00:37:22,528 --> 00:37:24,528 you stand up a space force Although 985 00:37:24,528 --> 00:37:26,472 there was no sheet music on how to 986 00:37:26,472 --> 00:37:26,280 stand up the services , we haven't done 987 00:37:26,280 --> 00:37:28,558 this since 1947 . There's no checklist . 988 00:37:28,558 --> 00:37:30,891 But you could do is break the Air Force . 989 00:37:30,891 --> 00:37:32,947 We worked as I mentioned . We worked 990 00:37:32,947 --> 00:37:35,169 really , really hard over the course of 991 00:37:35,169 --> 00:37:34,700 the last couple decades of integrating 992 00:37:34,700 --> 00:37:37,060 space and everything . That video . So 993 00:37:37,060 --> 00:37:39,282 now what will happen is General Brown , 994 00:37:39,282 --> 00:37:41,590 uh , in the Air Force will say Okay , 995 00:37:41,590 --> 00:37:43,701 space wars . I need x number of space 996 00:37:43,701 --> 00:37:45,701 experts at the warfare center . And 997 00:37:45,701 --> 00:37:47,923 then we'll assign those folks back home 998 00:37:47,923 --> 00:37:50,146 for that for that assignment . So we've 999 00:37:50,146 --> 00:37:52,368 done that . The Department of Defense's 1000 00:37:52,368 --> 00:37:54,540 goal is to have a preponderance of 1001 00:37:54,540 --> 00:37:56,762 space capabilities in the United States 1002 00:37:56,762 --> 00:37:58,984 Space Force . We stood up a service for 1003 00:37:58,984 --> 00:38:01,040 a reason . That also means you can't 1004 00:38:01,040 --> 00:38:03,207 break the Army and you can't break the 1005 00:38:03,207 --> 00:38:05,429 Navy . You can't break the Marine Corps 1006 00:38:05,429 --> 00:38:04,860 in doing so . So we've been going 1007 00:38:04,860 --> 00:38:07,980 through an effort to study , um , what 1008 00:38:07,980 --> 00:38:09,980 should come over and what shouldn't 1009 00:38:09,980 --> 00:38:12,390 come over eso we don't do harm and 1010 00:38:12,400 --> 00:38:15,130 we've come up with a really solid plan . 1011 00:38:15,130 --> 00:38:19,050 Were about the 98 97% complete . 1012 00:38:19,060 --> 00:38:21,060 There's a couple little pieces were 1013 00:38:21,060 --> 00:38:23,227 doing some more analysis on , and then 1014 00:38:23,227 --> 00:38:25,338 I would expect a decision here in the 1015 00:38:25,338 --> 00:38:27,338 very near term of what other pieces 1016 00:38:27,338 --> 00:38:27,040 will come over from the other services . 1017 00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:29,096 But you're right . Today , the Space 1018 00:38:29,096 --> 00:38:31,210 Force largely has come out of the Air 1019 00:38:31,210 --> 00:38:34,510 Force with Cem , um , augment teas from 1020 00:38:34,510 --> 00:38:36,710 other services to help us get going so 1021 00:38:36,710 --> 00:38:39,430 close to a , you know , sort of a final 1022 00:38:39,430 --> 00:38:41,541 decision there and some announcements 1023 00:38:41,541 --> 00:38:43,208 in terms of the other service 1024 00:38:43,208 --> 00:38:45,880 components . Okay , Thank you . Andi , 1025 00:38:45,890 --> 00:38:48,001 You mentioned early on in your answer 1026 00:38:48,001 --> 00:38:50,001 to that question about taking piece 1027 00:38:50,001 --> 00:38:51,834 parts out of the Air Force , Air 1028 00:38:51,834 --> 00:38:53,668 Education and Training Command . 1029 00:38:53,668 --> 00:38:55,723 There's a question from a lieutenant 1030 00:38:55,723 --> 00:38:57,890 Colonel Sanders within the Space Force 1031 00:38:57,890 --> 00:39:00,270 through any plan for an independent 1032 00:39:00,280 --> 00:39:02,900 education outside of their university . 1033 00:39:02,910 --> 00:39:05,243 How is that looking ? Yeah , absolutely . 1034 00:39:05,243 --> 00:39:08,560 There is a zay a Z I mentioned . I 1035 00:39:08,560 --> 00:39:10,880 think one of the things that you have 1036 00:39:10,880 --> 00:39:12,824 to do is an independent services . 1037 00:39:12,824 --> 00:39:15,740 Develop your own people . And so , um , 1038 00:39:16,120 --> 00:39:19,930 what we've done initially So , for 1039 00:39:19,930 --> 00:39:22,097 example , basic military training . We 1040 00:39:22,097 --> 00:39:24,263 just had our first seven recruits that 1041 00:39:24,263 --> 00:39:26,430 got recruited for the Space Force show 1042 00:39:26,430 --> 00:39:28,374 up at basic training , and they're 1043 00:39:28,374 --> 00:39:28,100 basically going through the Air Force 1044 00:39:28,100 --> 00:39:29,933 Basic training . But we've we've 1045 00:39:29,933 --> 00:39:32,156 modified it slightly for those . Airman 1046 00:39:32,156 --> 00:39:34,920 is an initial piece for air command and 1047 00:39:34,920 --> 00:39:37,142 staff . College is another example . We 1048 00:39:37,142 --> 00:39:39,364 stood up a couple years ago , something 1049 00:39:39,364 --> 00:39:41,531 called the Schriever Scholars , and we 1050 00:39:41,531 --> 00:39:43,830 took a seminar that was , you know , 1051 00:39:43,840 --> 00:39:46,007 don't call me on the number seven is , 1052 00:39:46,007 --> 00:39:48,118 like , 40 seminars that a CSE and one 1053 00:39:48,118 --> 00:39:50,118 of those , uh , what became a space 1054 00:39:50,118 --> 00:39:52,284 focus seminar . And so they would they 1055 00:39:52,284 --> 00:39:55,850 would go through a CSC but would 1056 00:39:55,850 --> 00:39:58,260 focus . They'd have independent space 1057 00:39:58,260 --> 00:40:00,660 focus areas as well . We've doubled 1058 00:40:00,660 --> 00:40:02,810 that , uh , this past year to two 1059 00:40:02,810 --> 00:40:04,754 seminars . We're gonna double that 1060 00:40:04,754 --> 00:40:06,866 again before , which is which gets us 1061 00:40:06,866 --> 00:40:08,810 to about 40 or 50 folks . And then 1062 00:40:08,810 --> 00:40:10,920 we're gonna split that off . Azan 1063 00:40:10,920 --> 00:40:13,770 Independent , uh , school focusing on 1064 00:40:13,770 --> 00:40:16,040 developing air command seconds . We're 1065 00:40:16,040 --> 00:40:18,740 doing the same stair step approach for 1066 00:40:18,740 --> 00:40:20,796 Air War College . We just set up for 1067 00:40:20,796 --> 00:40:23,320 the first time a seminar focused on 1068 00:40:23,320 --> 00:40:26,320 space . And we'll do that . Um , 1069 00:40:27,480 --> 00:40:30,470 you look a , uh , uh , Airman 1070 00:40:30,470 --> 00:40:32,637 leadership school , those air assigned 1071 00:40:32,637 --> 00:40:34,748 at bases in the Air Force . And so if 1072 00:40:34,748 --> 00:40:36,748 you're on a space force base in the 1073 00:40:36,748 --> 00:40:38,914 future , that Airman Leadership School 1074 00:40:38,914 --> 00:40:40,914 will be designed to teach you about 1075 00:40:40,914 --> 00:40:43,580 leadership . Uh , as it relates toe has 1076 00:40:43,580 --> 00:40:46,630 it relates the Space Force 1077 00:40:47,510 --> 00:40:49,850 Priorities , N c o . Academy . There's 1078 00:40:49,850 --> 00:40:52,170 an N c . O . Academy , But Peterson Air 1079 00:40:52,170 --> 00:40:54,448 Force Base , we're gonna make that the , 1080 00:40:54,610 --> 00:40:57,180 uh N c O Academy for Space Force . And 1081 00:40:57,180 --> 00:40:59,124 so if you're a member of the space 1082 00:40:59,124 --> 00:41:01,236 Force , you will go to that academy . 1083 00:41:01,236 --> 00:41:03,569 And so we are . You know , none of this . 1084 00:41:03,569 --> 00:41:05,347 It does . All this can't happen 1085 00:41:05,347 --> 00:41:05,080 overnight You can't just flip the 1086 00:41:05,080 --> 00:41:07,136 switch and say , Okay , we're up and 1087 00:41:07,136 --> 00:41:09,302 running , but we've got an incremental 1088 00:41:09,302 --> 00:41:11,247 approach . Thio phase those into a 1089 00:41:11,247 --> 00:41:13,480 independent capability to be able to 1090 00:41:13,480 --> 00:41:15,480 develop the the space force leaders 1091 00:41:15,480 --> 00:41:17,480 that we need in the future . And it 1092 00:41:17,480 --> 00:41:19,369 won't just like all other service 1093 00:41:19,369 --> 00:41:19,360 schools that won't be . All space 1094 00:41:19,370 --> 00:41:21,510 experts will have Air Force and Army 1095 00:41:21,510 --> 00:41:24,840 and Navy and Marines and coalition , uh , 1096 00:41:24,850 --> 00:41:26,961 partners in the in that class with us 1097 00:41:26,961 --> 00:41:30,540 as well . So a similar question and 1098 00:41:30,540 --> 00:41:34,070 maybe a softball . Um , can you tell me 1099 00:41:34,070 --> 00:41:36,630 in terms of the service acquisition 1100 00:41:36,630 --> 00:41:38,852 executive has that decision been made ? 1101 00:41:38,852 --> 00:41:40,963 Is two separate and distinct from the 1102 00:41:40,963 --> 00:41:43,180 Air Force , or is it co joined for the 1103 00:41:43,180 --> 00:41:44,958 foreseeable future ? How's that 1104 00:41:44,958 --> 00:41:47,124 developing the law's the law is really 1105 00:41:47,124 --> 00:41:48,958 clear . It says we're gonna have 1106 00:41:48,958 --> 00:41:50,902 separate ESA , and it gives a time 1107 00:41:50,902 --> 00:41:53,236 frame of one . That is , I think that's , 1108 00:41:53,236 --> 00:41:55,347 uh , beginning of fiscal Year 23 . So 1109 00:41:55,347 --> 00:41:57,458 that's what's in the law , and that's 1110 00:41:57,458 --> 00:41:59,640 the way we're headed . Okay , um , 1111 00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:02,180 you've mentioned the need or concerned 1112 00:42:02,180 --> 00:42:04,810 to protect and defend space assets as 1113 00:42:04,820 --> 00:42:07,060 actually as the galvanizing reason 1114 00:42:07,060 --> 00:42:10,300 Force a separate space force . How do 1115 00:42:10,300 --> 00:42:12,760 you view the trade off of protecting 1116 00:42:12,770 --> 00:42:15,140 assets versus making them sort of 1117 00:42:15,140 --> 00:42:17,330 replaceable . Reconstitute herbal , 1118 00:42:17,500 --> 00:42:19,500 which is , you know , always talked 1119 00:42:19,500 --> 00:42:23,070 about as a possible way Teoh skin this . 1120 00:42:23,080 --> 00:42:25,302 Yeah . So that's all part of this force 1121 00:42:25,302 --> 00:42:27,469 design bill , and that's all work that 1122 00:42:27,469 --> 00:42:29,469 has to be done . And you're right . 1123 00:42:29,469 --> 00:42:31,580 There's a There's a trade off there . 1124 00:42:31,580 --> 00:42:33,580 Um , on do you build big disposable 1125 00:42:33,580 --> 00:42:35,691 lighters that you could just launch . 1126 00:42:35,691 --> 00:42:37,969 And if they fail , you just , you know , 1127 00:42:37,969 --> 00:42:40,136 launch another batch or are there more 1128 00:42:40,136 --> 00:42:42,191 significant ? I think again you have 1129 00:42:42,191 --> 00:42:44,358 tow . It has to be taught through , as 1130 00:42:44,358 --> 00:42:46,413 it relates to the mission that those 1131 00:42:46,413 --> 00:42:48,580 satellites are doing the orbits , that 1132 00:42:48,580 --> 00:42:47,850 they're in , the threats that they may 1133 00:42:47,850 --> 00:42:51,240 face , Uh , and so all that and gets 1134 00:42:51,240 --> 00:42:53,890 gets rolled into , uh , the capitalist . 1135 00:42:53,890 --> 00:42:56,001 When you then build this horse design 1136 00:42:56,001 --> 00:42:58,168 one of the things that the Space Force 1137 00:42:58,168 --> 00:43:00,057 is working on a zoo we build This 1138 00:43:00,057 --> 00:43:02,112 design is thio bring unity of effort 1139 00:43:02,112 --> 00:43:04,480 across the department . And so , you 1140 00:43:04,480 --> 00:43:06,730 know , leading up to the establishment 1141 00:43:06,730 --> 00:43:08,508 of the space force , you know , 1142 00:43:08,508 --> 00:43:10,286 Congress would highlight the 65 1143 00:43:10,286 --> 00:43:12,397 different organizations that had some 1144 00:43:12,397 --> 00:43:14,397 role in space acquisition . There's 1145 00:43:14,397 --> 00:43:16,063 like 30 something different . 1146 00:43:16,063 --> 00:43:18,230 Organizations that that have some kind 1147 00:43:18,230 --> 00:43:20,286 of either internal to the department 1148 00:43:20,286 --> 00:43:22,286 about external department have some 1149 00:43:22,286 --> 00:43:24,500 kind of role in architectures . And so 1150 00:43:24,500 --> 00:43:26,667 we really believe you stood up service 1151 00:43:26,667 --> 00:43:28,722 for a reason that should be the That 1152 00:43:28,722 --> 00:43:30,889 service should be the leading voice in 1153 00:43:30,889 --> 00:43:32,889 that partnered with all the other . 1154 00:43:32,889 --> 00:43:34,833 This this isn't just hey , share a 1155 00:43:34,833 --> 00:43:36,944 man's opinion is this . It's bringing 1156 00:43:36,944 --> 00:43:38,833 everybody together and having the 1157 00:43:38,833 --> 00:43:40,722 analytical underpinnings toe just 1158 00:43:40,722 --> 00:43:42,889 support that decision . But we want to 1159 00:43:42,889 --> 00:43:45,970 get an r A force design . Uh , 1160 00:43:45,980 --> 00:43:49,030 that , uh , meets the needs of the 1161 00:43:49,030 --> 00:43:51,030 joint coalition warfighters that we 1162 00:43:51,030 --> 00:43:53,490 support and also is defendable . And 1163 00:43:53,490 --> 00:43:55,712 that's the hard work that we have going 1164 00:43:55,712 --> 00:43:58,940 forward this next year . So for those 1165 00:43:58,940 --> 00:44:02,150 interested in joining Space Force as 1166 00:44:02,150 --> 00:44:04,820 you develop out , you know the force 1167 00:44:04,820 --> 00:44:07,520 design that you're talking about ? Um , 1168 00:44:07,530 --> 00:44:11,530 can you maybe describe initially and 1169 00:44:11,530 --> 00:44:13,680 then the continuum over time ? As to 1170 00:44:13,680 --> 00:44:15,680 what we would expect our space 1171 00:44:15,680 --> 00:44:19,380 operational force to be a doing into 1172 00:44:19,380 --> 00:44:21,602 the future in terms of where they would 1173 00:44:21,602 --> 00:44:23,713 be deployed to . Are they deployed in 1174 00:44:23,713 --> 00:44:25,880 place for the foreseeable future ? How 1175 00:44:25,880 --> 00:44:28,260 does that work out for us ? Yes . So , 1176 00:44:28,270 --> 00:44:32,030 um you know Where is the My 1177 00:44:32,030 --> 00:44:34,197 leadership has been very clear to me . 1178 00:44:34,197 --> 00:44:36,419 At the highest levels were building the 1179 00:44:36,419 --> 00:44:38,474 space force not just for today , but 1180 00:44:38,474 --> 00:44:40,530 for 100 years from now , people will 1181 00:44:40,530 --> 00:44:43,090 talk about Yeah , uh , culture . And 1182 00:44:43,090 --> 00:44:45,201 you just think about , you know , the 1183 00:44:45,201 --> 00:44:47,423 service that we came from the Air Force 1184 00:44:47,423 --> 00:44:49,600 and what we were like in 1947 compared 1185 00:44:49,600 --> 00:44:51,730 to the air force of today s . So we 1186 00:44:51,730 --> 00:44:53,841 have to build a service that that can 1187 00:44:53,841 --> 00:44:56,063 do what it needs to do today , but also 1188 00:44:56,063 --> 00:44:59,470 has the the vision of where it might go 1189 00:44:59,520 --> 00:45:03,110 and , uh , eso 1190 00:45:03,120 --> 00:45:06,480 today largely the forces that we have 1191 00:45:06,480 --> 00:45:09,180 are employed in place . Their their 1192 00:45:09,190 --> 00:45:11,990 systems that don't that don't deploy . 1193 00:45:11,990 --> 00:45:14,610 We have . We have capabilities that we 1194 00:45:14,610 --> 00:45:16,721 do deploy , but the vast majority are 1195 00:45:16,721 --> 00:45:20,410 employed in place . Um , I do think I 1196 00:45:20,410 --> 00:45:22,632 get asked this a lot about Do you see a 1197 00:45:22,632 --> 00:45:24,970 role for for space force folks in the 1198 00:45:24,970 --> 00:45:27,060 future in the , you know , in the 1199 00:45:27,060 --> 00:45:29,540 domain . And I do . I mean , maybe not 1200 00:45:29,540 --> 00:45:31,818 today or tomorrow or 10 years from now , 1201 00:45:31,818 --> 00:45:34,151 But I do believe if you look towards ah , 1202 00:45:34,151 --> 00:45:36,530 space economy , that's gonna be , you 1203 00:45:36,530 --> 00:45:39,230 know , over a trillion dollars . Uh , 1204 00:45:39,240 --> 00:45:42,840 between here and the moon , I really 1205 00:45:42,840 --> 00:45:45,062 believe there's gonna be a role for for 1206 00:45:45,062 --> 00:45:47,360 enhanced security in that domain and 1207 00:45:47,370 --> 00:45:49,592 the role of the space forces to provide 1208 00:45:49,592 --> 00:45:52,120 that stability across the domain . So 1209 00:45:52,480 --> 00:45:54,980 commercial companies and and nations in 1210 00:45:54,980 --> 00:45:58,440 Florence . And so I do . I wouldn't 1211 00:45:58,440 --> 00:46:00,273 rule it out . I don't think it's 1212 00:46:00,273 --> 00:46:02,384 tomorrow , but I wouldn't rule it out 1213 00:46:02,384 --> 00:46:04,218 that there'll be a new increased 1214 00:46:04,218 --> 00:46:06,329 presence in the domain from space for 1215 00:46:06,329 --> 00:46:08,384 folks going forward . Well , I would 1216 00:46:08,384 --> 00:46:08,340 certainly echo that in talking to young 1217 00:46:08,340 --> 00:46:10,507 people who were fired up about joining 1218 00:46:10,507 --> 00:46:12,173 Space Force some of those air 1219 00:46:12,173 --> 00:46:14,396 interested because they think they will 1220 00:46:14,396 --> 00:46:17,060 be deploying to space . And it's 1221 00:46:17,060 --> 00:46:19,300 actually refreshing to hear that in a 1222 00:46:19,300 --> 00:46:22,000 future fight . They may very well have 1223 00:46:22,000 --> 00:46:24,111 that opportunity . We're gonna One of 1224 00:46:24,111 --> 00:46:26,333 the cool things here on our birthday on 1225 00:46:26,333 --> 00:46:28,167 the 20th birthday is the 20th of 1226 00:46:28,167 --> 00:46:30,389 December 1 of things that were planning 1227 00:46:30,389 --> 00:46:32,770 if all goes well , is one of the 1228 00:46:32,780 --> 00:46:35,890 astronauts that will about the launch 1229 00:46:35,900 --> 00:46:39,850 here on the next space . X launch up 1230 00:46:39,850 --> 00:46:42,072 to the International Space Station is a 1231 00:46:42,072 --> 00:46:44,183 is A is an airman , and we're looking 1232 00:46:44,183 --> 00:46:46,406 toe swear him into the space force from 1233 00:46:46,406 --> 00:46:48,572 the International space station . Hope 1234 00:46:48,572 --> 00:46:50,683 that hope all all those well enough . 1235 00:46:50,683 --> 00:46:52,794 But I do see , I do see in the future 1236 00:46:52,794 --> 00:46:55,620 that , uh , that could be , uh that 1237 00:46:55,630 --> 00:46:57,810 that's a future that would be riel 1238 00:46:57,820 --> 00:47:01,610 today . Are focused largely is making 1239 00:47:01,610 --> 00:47:03,554 sure that we can provide our joint 1240 00:47:03,554 --> 00:47:05,221 coalition partners that space 1241 00:47:05,221 --> 00:47:07,332 capabilities they have become to rely 1242 00:47:07,332 --> 00:47:09,054 on very , very heavily . Those 1243 00:47:09,054 --> 00:47:10,832 capabilities provide this great 1244 00:47:10,832 --> 00:47:12,721 advantage . And to make sure that 1245 00:47:12,721 --> 00:47:14,721 analogy I use is the light switch . 1246 00:47:14,721 --> 00:47:14,560 When you walk in the room and your 1247 00:47:14,570 --> 00:47:16,570 kernel in light , you hit the light 1248 00:47:16,570 --> 00:47:18,792 switch lights always come on way . Need 1249 00:47:18,792 --> 00:47:20,959 to make sure that you know when you go 1250 00:47:20,959 --> 00:47:23,014 into the room and you need space and 1251 00:47:23,014 --> 00:47:22,640 hit the lights , which it's always 1252 00:47:22,640 --> 00:47:24,530 there . And so that's our focus . 1253 00:47:24,530 --> 00:47:26,810 That's , uh , competing . Deterring and 1254 00:47:26,810 --> 00:47:29,032 winning is part of the national defense 1255 00:47:29,032 --> 00:47:31,310 strategy . I think they're standing up . 1256 00:47:31,310 --> 00:47:30,730 The establishment of the Space Force 1257 00:47:30,740 --> 00:47:32,907 was part of that implementation of the 1258 00:47:32,907 --> 00:47:36,810 nds . Andi , I really believe , 1259 00:47:37,080 --> 00:47:39,630 uh , we will provide significant 1260 00:47:39,640 --> 00:47:41,640 significant advantage to our nation 1261 00:47:41,640 --> 00:47:43,584 into our call us and partners that 1262 00:47:43,584 --> 00:47:47,020 way deeply , 1263 00:47:47,030 --> 00:47:48,920 uh , respect the need . 1264 00:47:50,780 --> 00:47:52,836 So , General Raymond , we're getting 1265 00:47:52,836 --> 00:47:55,002 close to the end . Probably a question 1266 00:47:55,002 --> 00:47:57,224 or thio mawr if you can indulge if your 1267 00:47:57,224 --> 00:47:59,630 time allows and I'll hand back Thio 1268 00:47:59,640 --> 00:48:02,070 James Schmeling at the end for a couple 1269 00:48:02,070 --> 00:48:05,450 of final comments . Um , back 1270 00:48:05,460 --> 00:48:07,820 to the discussion around commercial 1271 00:48:07,820 --> 00:48:10,770 space assets . Three D o . D is 1272 00:48:10,770 --> 00:48:12,326 occasionally offering space 1273 00:48:12,326 --> 00:48:14,326 capabilities to civilians . A great 1274 00:48:14,326 --> 00:48:17,290 example . Being GPS may be the most 1275 00:48:17,290 --> 00:48:19,457 obvious example . Do you forsee future 1276 00:48:19,457 --> 00:48:21,520 defense space capabilities being 1277 00:48:21,520 --> 00:48:25,360 offered to the public and , um , in you 1278 00:48:25,360 --> 00:48:27,790 know , if we use GPS is the example . 1279 00:48:27,800 --> 00:48:30,140 Are you comfortable with some of those 1280 00:48:30,140 --> 00:48:32,520 capabilities basically becoming 1281 00:48:32,520 --> 00:48:35,490 ubiquitous , too , The American way of 1282 00:48:35,490 --> 00:48:37,268 life or really , you know , the 1283 00:48:37,268 --> 00:48:39,470 industrialized world's way of life 1284 00:48:39,480 --> 00:48:42,420 similar to GPS , such that the 1285 00:48:42,430 --> 00:48:44,541 dependencies air so critical that you 1286 00:48:44,541 --> 00:48:47,090 really can't live without it . Any 1287 00:48:47,090 --> 00:48:49,090 thoughts there ? Of course . I mean 1288 00:48:49,090 --> 00:48:51,420 that Z you know , spaces , ubiquitous 1289 00:48:51,420 --> 00:48:54,380 spaces fuels our American way of life . 1290 00:48:54,380 --> 00:48:56,602 It's not just GPS , and you think about 1291 00:48:56,602 --> 00:48:58,658 weather satellites and communication 1292 00:48:58,658 --> 00:49:00,547 satellites , and that's just what 1293 00:49:00,547 --> 00:49:02,769 that's who we are . And so I absolutely 1294 00:49:02,769 --> 00:49:04,880 see that continuing going forward , I 1295 00:49:04,880 --> 00:49:07,102 think as technology advances and we get 1296 00:49:07,102 --> 00:49:09,158 innovative people thinking about the 1297 00:49:09,158 --> 00:49:11,269 domain , there'll be even more things 1298 00:49:11,269 --> 00:49:13,770 that are out there that will that will 1299 00:49:13,780 --> 00:49:16,990 provide benefit to Thea average person 1300 00:49:16,990 --> 00:49:18,960 in the on the planet . Yeah . The 1301 00:49:18,970 --> 00:49:21,390 average person might not understand 1302 00:49:21,390 --> 00:49:24,290 just how alliance they are on space . 1303 00:49:24,770 --> 00:49:26,960 It's just because the light switch is 1304 00:49:26,960 --> 00:49:30,590 always on . But But , 1305 00:49:31,230 --> 00:49:34,010 I mean , there's every day . 1306 00:49:35,170 --> 00:49:38,490 Yeah , human on the on the planet Earth , 1307 00:49:38,500 --> 00:49:40,530 if you will relies on space 1308 00:49:40,530 --> 00:49:42,610 capabilities routinely . I mean , 1309 00:49:42,620 --> 00:49:45,120 almost , uh , everything that they do 1310 00:49:45,120 --> 00:49:48,810 with GPS is a great example of its more 1311 00:49:48,810 --> 00:49:50,977 than the blue dot that tells you where 1312 00:49:50,977 --> 00:49:52,532 it is . But it's the timing 1313 00:49:52,532 --> 00:49:54,643 synchronization for all the all the , 1314 00:49:54,643 --> 00:49:56,720 uh , information age business that 1315 00:49:56,720 --> 00:50:00,420 we're in . Uh , it it's just part of 1316 00:50:00,420 --> 00:50:02,476 our It's part of our American way of 1317 00:50:02,476 --> 00:50:04,420 life , and I believe that there be 1318 00:50:04,420 --> 00:50:06,642 other capabilities that will develop in 1319 00:50:06,642 --> 00:50:08,864 in the future that will will do similar 1320 00:50:08,864 --> 00:50:12,190 things . So I'm gonna do my level best 1321 00:50:12,190 --> 00:50:15,780 to tie together three questions all 1322 00:50:15,780 --> 00:50:17,613 that are really touching on your 1323 00:50:17,613 --> 00:50:21,320 mission sets one talking about in 1324 00:50:21,320 --> 00:50:24,020 confronting the emerging . They call 1325 00:50:24,020 --> 00:50:26,690 them gray area tactics by our 1326 00:50:26,700 --> 00:50:30,270 competitors in space on . Then 1327 00:50:30,280 --> 00:50:34,060 you know , just doctrinally around the 1328 00:50:34,060 --> 00:50:37,300 various priority missions . That's if 1329 00:50:37,310 --> 00:50:39,570 our space assets are attacked . What 1330 00:50:39,570 --> 00:50:42,460 kind of retaliation could be 1331 00:50:42,470 --> 00:50:45,830 considered and where ? You know , how 1332 00:50:45,830 --> 00:50:49,420 does that develop over time , where 1333 00:50:49,420 --> 00:50:51,531 you're building a command today . But 1334 00:50:51,531 --> 00:50:53,500 then you get to space tactics and 1335 00:50:53,560 --> 00:50:55,950 answering some of these very tough 1336 00:50:55,960 --> 00:50:58,430 doctrinal questions . And just in 1337 00:50:58,430 --> 00:51:01,190 general , the distinct missions that 1338 00:51:01,190 --> 00:51:03,320 you see is your priority is you step 1339 00:51:03,320 --> 00:51:05,542 through the continuum of space missions 1340 00:51:05,542 --> 00:51:07,431 that are out there for you . Thio 1341 00:51:07,431 --> 00:51:09,840 Satisfied ? Yeah . So , first , let me , 1342 00:51:09,850 --> 00:51:13,300 uh , there's been this is kind of 1343 00:51:13,300 --> 00:51:17,130 common that people blur 1344 00:51:17,130 --> 00:51:19,130 the lines between the U . S . Space 1345 00:51:19,130 --> 00:51:21,241 Command and the U . S . Space force . 1346 00:51:21,241 --> 00:51:23,297 And I think one of the reasons why I 1347 00:51:23,297 --> 00:51:25,352 was blurred is for the For the first 1348 00:51:25,352 --> 00:51:28,090 year . E commanded the US based man and 1349 00:51:28,090 --> 00:51:30,390 was the service chief . But there's two 1350 00:51:30,390 --> 00:51:32,600 distinct functions . One is the one 1351 00:51:32,600 --> 00:51:34,767 that does the war fighting and conduct 1352 00:51:34,767 --> 00:51:36,822 operations . And then , on the Space 1353 00:51:36,822 --> 00:51:39,044 Force side , we organized , trained and 1354 00:51:39,044 --> 00:51:41,211 equipped to provide those capabilities 1355 00:51:41,211 --> 00:51:43,322 to the Combatant Command . Our job is 1356 00:51:43,322 --> 00:51:45,322 to make sure that I can provide the 1357 00:51:45,322 --> 00:51:44,820 capabilities that the combatant 1358 00:51:44,820 --> 00:51:47,540 Commander needs to be ableto too , and 1359 00:51:47,540 --> 00:51:49,484 not just U S space command command 1360 00:51:49,484 --> 00:51:51,707 manner but all the combatant commanders 1361 00:51:51,707 --> 00:51:53,929 that provide the capabilities that they 1362 00:51:53,929 --> 00:51:56,040 need to conduct their missions on the 1363 00:51:56,040 --> 00:51:59,480 on DSO . That's a full spectrum set of 1364 00:51:59,480 --> 00:52:01,313 missions , and it's , you know , 1365 00:52:01,313 --> 00:52:04,580 everything from birth toe death . I 1366 00:52:04,580 --> 00:52:06,910 mean , it's launching its developing 1367 00:52:06,920 --> 00:52:09,890 satellites , launching those satellites , 1368 00:52:10,950 --> 00:52:13,006 making sure that they work when they 1369 00:52:13,006 --> 00:52:15,061 get on orbit , making sure that they 1370 00:52:15,061 --> 00:52:17,172 don't run into anything while they're 1371 00:52:17,172 --> 00:52:19,394 on orbit . That we can track him making 1372 00:52:19,394 --> 00:52:21,228 sure that we can integrate those 1373 00:52:21,228 --> 00:52:23,450 capabilities against sensor integrating 1374 00:52:23,450 --> 00:52:25,506 sensor and shooter and , uh , across 1375 00:52:25,506 --> 00:52:27,530 the joint and Coalition force to 1376 00:52:27,530 --> 00:52:29,252 protecting and defending those 1377 00:52:29,290 --> 00:52:31,401 capabilities while they're on orbit , 1378 00:52:31,401 --> 00:52:34,600 which is largely new business since the 1379 00:52:34,600 --> 00:52:37,150 threat has emerged . And then , at the 1380 00:52:37,150 --> 00:52:39,150 end of life , the orbiting those to 1381 00:52:39,150 --> 00:52:41,261 keep the domain safe for all . And so 1382 00:52:41,850 --> 00:52:44,128 that whole spectrum , from from cradle , 1383 00:52:44,128 --> 00:52:46,294 that death is what we're focusing on . 1384 00:52:46,294 --> 00:52:48,500 Uh , and we're focusing on providing 1385 00:52:48,500 --> 00:52:51,040 capabilities that our nation needs 1386 00:52:51,040 --> 00:52:53,480 again on the American way of life for 1387 00:52:53,490 --> 00:52:57,100 American Way award . Everything from on 1388 00:52:57,110 --> 00:53:00,420 on the U . S . Space force side . Uh uh , 1389 00:53:00,430 --> 00:53:04,390 communications , GPS , uh , missile 1390 00:53:04,390 --> 00:53:06,612 warning space , situational awareness , 1391 00:53:06,612 --> 00:53:10,460 weather launch capabilities . Uh , 1392 00:53:10,470 --> 00:53:12,692 space control capabilities . That whole 1393 00:53:12,692 --> 00:53:14,748 suite against that whole spectrum of 1394 00:53:14,748 --> 00:53:17,500 operations . So So I thought that 1395 00:53:17,500 --> 00:53:19,850 asking a clunky question trying to tie 1396 00:53:19,850 --> 00:53:22,140 together three would help us get that 1397 00:53:22,150 --> 00:53:24,350 elaboration . So I really appreciate 1398 00:53:24,350 --> 00:53:25,961 the distinction between your 1399 00:53:25,961 --> 00:53:28,650 responsibilities for DNA and that of 1400 00:53:28,650 --> 00:53:31,640 the war fighting commanders . With that , 1401 00:53:31,640 --> 00:53:35,500 I will simply wrap up as moderator 1402 00:53:35,500 --> 00:53:37,611 and thanking you for the transparency 1403 00:53:37,611 --> 00:53:40,230 and the willingness to , uh , you know , 1404 00:53:40,230 --> 00:53:42,880 pretty much touch on every topic that 1405 00:53:42,890 --> 00:53:45,570 the audience brought up today . I think 1406 00:53:45,570 --> 00:53:48,400 I've exhausted my list of questions and 1407 00:53:48,410 --> 00:53:50,632 you've been straight on with them . And 1408 00:53:50,632 --> 00:53:53,960 so thank you for that . You Thank you 1409 00:53:53,960 --> 00:53:56,293 very much . First off , General Raymond , 1410 00:53:56,293 --> 00:53:58,349 thank you . That was one of the most 1411 00:53:58,349 --> 00:54:00,627 informative discussions that we've had . 1412 00:54:00,627 --> 00:54:02,682 The questions from the audience were 1413 00:54:02,682 --> 00:54:04,682 outstanding is also one of our best 1414 00:54:04,682 --> 00:54:06,627 attended webinars . And so clearly 1415 00:54:06,627 --> 00:54:08,682 there is a strong interest in this , 1416 00:54:08,682 --> 00:54:10,627 and I think that it represents the 1417 00:54:10,627 --> 00:54:12,571 overlap between the private sector 1418 00:54:12,571 --> 00:54:14,404 government and D O . D , and the 1419 00:54:14,404 --> 00:54:16,627 importance of all of these partners for 1420 00:54:16,627 --> 00:54:18,849 space . I think the distinction between 1421 00:54:18,849 --> 00:54:20,460 space commanded space forces 1422 00:54:20,460 --> 00:54:22,571 exceptionally important , and I think 1423 00:54:22,571 --> 00:54:24,349 that that answered off a lot of 1424 00:54:24,349 --> 00:54:26,516 questions . I'd also like to thank you 1425 00:54:26,516 --> 00:54:28,460 General Bender for your moderation 1426 00:54:28,460 --> 00:54:30,516 today , the informed aspect that you 1427 00:54:30,516 --> 00:54:32,627 bring to this was exceptional . And I 1428 00:54:32,627 --> 00:54:34,849 appreciate that we may have some follow 1429 00:54:34,849 --> 00:54:36,849 ups with you in the future . We are 1430 00:54:36,849 --> 00:54:39,071 very excited for you to have spent some 1431 00:54:39,071 --> 00:54:41,238 time with us . And I know that the n d 1432 00:54:41,238 --> 00:54:43,460 u students , faculty and staff gained a 1433 00:54:43,460 --> 00:54:45,460 lot from this . So thank you very , 1434 00:54:45,460 --> 00:54:47,293 very much for all of this to our 1435 00:54:47,293 --> 00:54:49,404 audience . Thank you for joining us . 1436 00:54:49,404 --> 00:54:51,349 We'll have more sessions coming up 1437 00:54:51,349 --> 00:54:53,404 after the beginning of the year . We 1438 00:54:53,404 --> 00:54:55,516 are wrapped up mostly for this year . 1439 00:54:55,516 --> 00:54:57,627 There is a very busy couple of months 1440 00:54:57,627 --> 00:54:59,793 with a lot of other things happening , 1441 00:54:59,793 --> 00:55:01,460 but we appreciate all of your 1442 00:55:01,460 --> 00:55:03,682 participation . And please feel free to 1443 00:55:03,682 --> 00:55:03,430 follow up with suggested topics and 1444 00:55:03,430 --> 00:55:06,140 other other areas for us again . Thank 1445 00:55:06,140 --> 00:55:08,418 you to everybody . Thank you , Admiral . 1446 00:55:08,418 --> 00:55:08,250 Rogue . You thank you . To the 1447 00:55:08,250 --> 00:55:10,250 foundation board members and to our 1448 00:55:10,250 --> 00:55:12,361 sponsors for this Siri's lighthouse . 1449 00:55:12,361 --> 00:55:14,639 And via I appreciate you all very much . 1450 00:55:14,640 --> 00:55:16,640 Thank you , sir , for setting up Be 1451 00:55:16,640 --> 00:55:20,570 happy . Thank you . Thanks . 1452 00:55:20,570 --> 00:55:21,510 Bill . Yeah ,