1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:01,929 My name is Greg Pollack , and I'm 2 00:00:01,929 --> 00:00:04,040 currently serving as the secretary of 3 00:00:04,040 --> 00:00:05,929 defense chair on the National War 4 00:00:05,929 --> 00:00:07,707 College faculty . It's my great 5 00:00:07,707 --> 00:00:10,040 pleasure to introduce our speaker today . 6 00:00:10,040 --> 00:00:12,207 The honourable Dr Kathleen Hicks , who 7 00:00:12,207 --> 00:00:14,030 was sworn in as the 35th deputy 8 00:00:14,030 --> 00:00:16,197 secretary of defense on February 9th , 9 00:00:16,197 --> 00:00:20,150 2021 one . Prior to her nomination 10 00:00:20,640 --> 00:00:23,380 as deputy secretary , Dr Hicks was the 11 00:00:23,380 --> 00:00:25,620 senior vice president Henry A . 12 00:00:25,620 --> 00:00:27,880 Kissinger , chair and director of the 13 00:00:27,880 --> 00:00:29,991 International Security Program at the 14 00:00:29,991 --> 00:00:32,158 Center for Strategic and International 15 00:00:32,158 --> 00:00:34,047 Studies . Her confirmation as the 16 00:00:34,047 --> 00:00:35,991 deputy secretary is something of a 17 00:00:35,991 --> 00:00:38,047 homecoming for Dr Hicks , as she has 18 00:00:38,047 --> 00:00:40,324 served to prior stints at the Pentagon , 19 00:00:40,324 --> 00:00:42,436 including in a series of senior roles 20 00:00:42,436 --> 00:00:44,324 from 2000 and 9 to 2013 . She was 21 00:00:44,324 --> 00:00:46,436 previously confirmed by the Senate in 22 00:00:46,436 --> 00:00:48,158 2012 . As the principal deputy 23 00:00:48,158 --> 00:00:50,324 undersecretary of defense for policy , 24 00:00:50,324 --> 00:00:52,158 Deputy Secretary Hicks began her 25 00:00:52,158 --> 00:00:54,380 remarkable national defense career as a 26 00:00:54,380 --> 00:00:56,380 civil servant and the office of the 27 00:00:56,380 --> 00:00:58,324 Secretary of Defense . In 1993 she 28 00:00:58,324 --> 00:01:00,436 served in a variety of positions over 29 00:01:00,436 --> 00:01:02,324 13 years , ultimately rising from 30 00:01:02,324 --> 00:01:04,547 presidential management . Intern to the 31 00:01:04,547 --> 00:01:06,850 senior Executive service . Dr Hicks 32 00:01:06,850 --> 00:01:08,961 holds a PhD in political science from 33 00:01:08,961 --> 00:01:10,683 the Massachusetts Institute of 34 00:01:10,683 --> 00:01:12,461 Technology , a masters from the 35 00:01:12,461 --> 00:01:14,683 University of Maryland School of Public 36 00:01:14,683 --> 00:01:16,794 Affairs , in a bachelor's degree from 37 00:01:16,794 --> 00:01:19,017 Mount Holyoke College . Welcome back to 38 00:01:19,017 --> 00:01:21,183 the war college , Dr Hicks . On behalf 39 00:01:21,183 --> 00:01:23,183 of all the faculty and students , I 40 00:01:23,183 --> 00:01:25,461 thank you so much for being here today , 41 00:01:25,461 --> 00:01:27,628 and the floor is yours . Great . Thank 42 00:01:27,628 --> 00:01:29,406 you , Greg , for that very kind 43 00:01:29,406 --> 00:01:31,183 introduction . And it is such a 44 00:01:31,183 --> 00:01:32,794 privilege for me to have the 45 00:01:32,794 --> 00:01:34,906 opportunity to meet with the National 46 00:01:34,906 --> 00:01:37,000 War College class of 2021 . Over the 47 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:39,222 course of my career , I've had numerous 48 00:01:39,222 --> 00:01:41,056 occasions to come and speak with 49 00:01:41,056 --> 00:01:43,389 students at National Defense University , 50 00:01:43,389 --> 00:01:46,080 including at the War College . And I 51 00:01:46,080 --> 00:01:48,080 always enjoy the chance to interact 52 00:01:48,080 --> 00:01:50,247 with you , um , as well as to have the 53 00:01:50,247 --> 00:01:52,469 opportunity that this menu provides for 54 00:01:52,469 --> 00:01:54,900 me to sharpen my own thinking . I very 55 00:01:54,900 --> 00:01:56,789 much wish we could be together in 56 00:01:56,789 --> 00:01:58,733 person this year . I know that the 57 00:01:58,733 --> 00:02:00,880 Covid 19 pandemic has substantially 58 00:02:00,880 --> 00:02:03,610 altered the war college experience as 59 00:02:03,610 --> 00:02:05,721 it has changed virtually every aspect 60 00:02:05,721 --> 00:02:07,610 of our lives and certainly of the 61 00:02:07,610 --> 00:02:09,721 department's operations . I hope that 62 00:02:09,721 --> 00:02:11,666 you have nevertheless been able to 63 00:02:11,666 --> 00:02:13,890 engage the faculty and resources this 64 00:02:13,890 --> 00:02:16,300 year to step back from the tactical and 65 00:02:16,300 --> 00:02:18,820 operational aspects of your careers and 66 00:02:18,820 --> 00:02:20,860 deepen your thinking about the many 67 00:02:20,870 --> 00:02:23,980 opportunities and challenges facing all 68 00:02:23,980 --> 00:02:26,147 of us in the years and decades ahead . 69 00:02:27,340 --> 00:02:29,562 But before I begin , I want to say that 70 00:02:29,562 --> 00:02:31,340 my heart is also with our Asian 71 00:02:31,340 --> 00:02:33,451 American communities . Following this 72 00:02:33,451 --> 00:02:35,240 week's horrific violence . All 73 00:02:35,240 --> 00:02:37,720 Americans share an obligation to stand 74 00:02:37,720 --> 00:02:39,990 up against hate in our communities and 75 00:02:39,990 --> 00:02:42,157 that the Department of Defense we will 76 00:02:42,157 --> 00:02:44,330 lead by example in ensuring that every 77 00:02:44,330 --> 00:02:46,660 member of our force feels safe , 78 00:02:46,670 --> 00:02:50,620 respected and valued . This morning 79 00:02:50,710 --> 00:02:52,766 I want to provide several minutes of 80 00:02:52,766 --> 00:02:54,654 opening remarks , but reserve the 81 00:02:54,654 --> 00:02:56,654 majority of our time together for a 82 00:02:56,654 --> 00:02:58,877 discussion with the students . And I'll 83 00:02:58,877 --> 00:03:00,654 be happy at that time to answer 84 00:03:00,654 --> 00:03:02,900 questions from all of you . I want to 85 00:03:02,900 --> 00:03:05,067 speak to you today about the decisions 86 00:03:05,067 --> 00:03:07,220 we are making in actions that we are 87 00:03:07,220 --> 00:03:09,053 undertaking at the Department of 88 00:03:09,053 --> 00:03:11,570 Defense to continue to sustain our 89 00:03:11,570 --> 00:03:14,400 technological and innovation edge over 90 00:03:14,400 --> 00:03:17,190 our military competitors . And because 91 00:03:17,190 --> 00:03:19,830 Secretary Austin and I believe that the 92 00:03:19,830 --> 00:03:22,320 PRC is the pacing challenge for the 93 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:25,320 United States military , I will speak 94 00:03:25,320 --> 00:03:27,098 with a particular focus on it . 95 00:03:28,140 --> 00:03:30,580 Strategic competition is a defining 96 00:03:30,580 --> 00:03:33,070 feature of the 21st century . This 97 00:03:33,070 --> 00:03:35,210 competition was not preordained or 98 00:03:35,210 --> 00:03:37,099 inevitable , but it was certainly 99 00:03:37,099 --> 00:03:40,780 predictable . In its 1997 100 00:03:40,780 --> 00:03:42,880 quadrennial defense review , the 101 00:03:42,880 --> 00:03:45,090 Defense Department opined that the 102 00:03:45,090 --> 00:03:47,110 United States is the world's only 103 00:03:47,110 --> 00:03:50,230 superpower today , and it is expected 104 00:03:50,230 --> 00:03:53,290 to remain so throughout the 1997 to 105 00:03:53,290 --> 00:03:56,770 2015 period . But it continued in the 106 00:03:56,770 --> 00:03:59,510 period beyond 2015 , there is the 107 00:03:59,510 --> 00:04:01,970 possibility that a regional great power 108 00:04:01,980 --> 00:04:04,350 or global peer competitor may emerge . 109 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,380 The document then explicitly called out 110 00:04:07,380 --> 00:04:09,102 Russia and China as having the 111 00:04:09,102 --> 00:04:12,720 potential to be such competitors . Over 112 00:04:12,720 --> 00:04:14,790 the past several decades and across 113 00:04:14,790 --> 00:04:17,830 multiple administrations , the economic , 114 00:04:17,840 --> 00:04:20,160 security and governance differences 115 00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:22,049 between the United States and the 116 00:04:22,049 --> 00:04:24,104 People's Republic of China have come 117 00:04:24,104 --> 00:04:27,330 into sharper focus . During the Obama 118 00:04:27,330 --> 00:04:29,497 administration , the department joined 119 00:04:29,497 --> 00:04:31,663 with the rest of the national security 120 00:04:31,663 --> 00:04:33,886 community in undertaking a rebalance or 121 00:04:33,886 --> 00:04:36,710 pivot to Asia . More recently , the 122 00:04:36,710 --> 00:04:39,760 2018 National Defense Strategy and the 123 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:42,230 2019 Commission on the National Defense 124 00:04:42,230 --> 00:04:44,330 Strategy , of which I was a member , 125 00:04:44,340 --> 00:04:46,720 highlighted the growth of the People's 126 00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:49,390 Liberation Army's capabilities and 127 00:04:49,390 --> 00:04:51,220 helped crystallize a bipartisan 128 00:04:51,220 --> 00:04:53,760 consensus around the defense challenge . 129 00:04:54,740 --> 00:04:56,830 Beijing has demonstrated increased 130 00:04:56,830 --> 00:04:58,941 military confidence and a willingness 131 00:04:58,941 --> 00:05:01,230 to take risks , and it has adopted a 132 00:05:01,230 --> 00:05:03,400 more coercive and aggressive approach 133 00:05:03,400 --> 00:05:06,440 to the Indo Pacific region . In 2020 134 00:05:06,440 --> 00:05:09,390 alone over a host of issues , Beijing 135 00:05:09,390 --> 00:05:11,770 escalated tensions between itself and a 136 00:05:11,770 --> 00:05:13,770 number of its neighbors , including 137 00:05:13,770 --> 00:05:15,950 Australia , Japan , Vietnam and the 138 00:05:15,950 --> 00:05:18,430 Philippines . It was involved in an 139 00:05:18,440 --> 00:05:20,970 armed confrontation with India along 140 00:05:20,970 --> 00:05:23,220 the line of actual control , which 141 00:05:23,220 --> 00:05:25,300 resulted in the loss of life on both 142 00:05:25,300 --> 00:05:27,467 sides , and further tightened its grip 143 00:05:27,467 --> 00:05:30,190 on Hong Kong , including by instituting 144 00:05:30,190 --> 00:05:32,350 an oppressive national security law . 145 00:05:33,840 --> 00:05:36,650 The PRC's actions constitute a threat 146 00:05:36,660 --> 00:05:39,620 to regional peace and stability and to 147 00:05:39,620 --> 00:05:41,787 the rules based international order on 148 00:05:41,787 --> 00:05:44,220 which our security and prosperity and 149 00:05:44,220 --> 00:05:47,650 those of our allies depend against this 150 00:05:47,650 --> 00:05:49,800 backdrop . President Biden recently 151 00:05:49,800 --> 00:05:52,370 released his interim National Security 152 00:05:52,370 --> 00:05:54,730 Strategic Guidance , which highlights 153 00:05:54,730 --> 00:05:56,860 the PRC's increasing assertiveness . 154 00:05:57,540 --> 00:05:59,790 The interim guidance notes that Beijing 155 00:05:59,800 --> 00:06:02,010 is the only competitor potentially 156 00:06:02,010 --> 00:06:04,580 capable of combining its economic , 157 00:06:04,590 --> 00:06:07,690 diplomatic , military and technological 158 00:06:07,690 --> 00:06:10,160 power to mount a sustained challenge to 159 00:06:10,160 --> 00:06:12,660 a stable and open international system . 160 00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:16,018 To advance the interests of the 161 00:06:16,018 --> 00:06:18,184 American people in our democracy , the 162 00:06:18,184 --> 00:06:20,296 United States must be able to compete 163 00:06:20,296 --> 00:06:22,184 for the future of our way of life 164 00:06:22,184 --> 00:06:24,540 across all these dimensions . For the 165 00:06:24,540 --> 00:06:26,640 United States military , that will 166 00:06:26,640 --> 00:06:28,584 often mean serving as a supporting 167 00:06:28,584 --> 00:06:30,970 player to diplomatic , economic and 168 00:06:30,980 --> 00:06:33,950 other soft power tools . But it will 169 00:06:33,950 --> 00:06:36,390 also require the US to demonstrate the 170 00:06:36,390 --> 00:06:39,330 will and capability to credibly deter 171 00:06:39,330 --> 00:06:42,610 PRC aggression . As Secretary Austin 172 00:06:42,610 --> 00:06:44,832 said earlier this week during his visit 173 00:06:44,832 --> 00:06:47,290 to Japan , the U . S military , along 174 00:06:47,290 --> 00:06:49,350 with its allies and partners , must 175 00:06:49,350 --> 00:06:51,930 have the capability to outmatch the P L . 176 00:06:51,930 --> 00:06:55,550 A . As the deputy secretary of defense . 177 00:06:55,560 --> 00:06:57,950 I am particularly focused on helping 178 00:06:57,950 --> 00:07:00,610 Secretary Austin ensure that diodes 179 00:07:00,610 --> 00:07:03,260 strategy is connected to its resources . 180 00:07:03,840 --> 00:07:05,850 That connection runs directly and 181 00:07:05,850 --> 00:07:08,150 significantly through concepts and 182 00:07:08,150 --> 00:07:11,650 capabilities . We must invest ourselves 183 00:07:11,660 --> 00:07:13,630 not only financially but also 184 00:07:13,630 --> 00:07:16,510 culturally in major change if we are to 185 00:07:16,510 --> 00:07:19,040 exploit our advantages and close 186 00:07:19,040 --> 00:07:21,470 critical gaps to deter determined 187 00:07:21,470 --> 00:07:24,360 adversaries . And I am confident that 188 00:07:24,360 --> 00:07:26,940 we are poised , excuse me to do so for 189 00:07:26,940 --> 00:07:30,090 a number of reasons . First , in his 190 00:07:30,090 --> 00:07:32,360 message to the force secretary , Austin 191 00:07:32,360 --> 00:07:34,582 made clear the D . O . D . Is committed 192 00:07:34,582 --> 00:07:36,760 to both innovation and modernization . 193 00:07:37,440 --> 00:07:39,384 We will have a commitment to rapid 194 00:07:39,384 --> 00:07:41,550 experimentation which provides the 195 00:07:41,550 --> 00:07:44,280 needed space to test and refine 196 00:07:44,290 --> 00:07:47,390 innovative operational concepts on the 197 00:07:47,390 --> 00:07:50,000 path to disruption learning happens 198 00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:52,250 partly through failure , but we will 199 00:07:52,250 --> 00:07:54,710 seek always to act with the trust of 200 00:07:54,710 --> 00:07:57,170 American taxpayers in mind and at 201 00:07:57,180 --> 00:08:00,350 reasonable risk . Simply developing 202 00:08:00,350 --> 00:08:02,580 concepts and testing theories will not 203 00:08:02,580 --> 00:08:05,290 be enough . We will also be committed 204 00:08:05,290 --> 00:08:07,330 to bridging the so called Valley of 205 00:08:07,330 --> 00:08:09,980 Death , ensuring we actually feel 206 00:08:09,980 --> 00:08:12,230 needed capabilities in the force . 207 00:08:12,940 --> 00:08:15,480 Making room for new capabilities will 208 00:08:15,480 --> 00:08:18,170 require difficult choices where the 209 00:08:18,170 --> 00:08:20,281 nation's security needs are no longer 210 00:08:20,281 --> 00:08:22,380 being met . The department will work 211 00:08:22,380 --> 00:08:24,680 closely with Congress to phase out 212 00:08:24,680 --> 00:08:27,160 systems and approaches . Optimist for 213 00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:30,340 an earlier era . We will also be 214 00:08:30,340 --> 00:08:32,507 attentive to making adjustments in the 215 00:08:32,507 --> 00:08:34,940 incentives that drive how we invest , 216 00:08:34,950 --> 00:08:38,180 select talent and innovate . We will be 217 00:08:38,180 --> 00:08:40,980 asking fundamental questions like How 218 00:08:40,980 --> 00:08:43,260 do civilian and military promotions 219 00:08:43,260 --> 00:08:46,150 encourage a culture of innovation ? Do 220 00:08:46,150 --> 00:08:48,150 we have the right skill sets in our 221 00:08:48,150 --> 00:08:50,261 future force ? And can we attract the 222 00:08:50,261 --> 00:08:52,206 nation's best talent in the coming 223 00:08:52,206 --> 00:08:55,530 decades ? How can we d o d . B a more 224 00:08:55,530 --> 00:08:58,160 reliable and agile partner in customer ? 225 00:08:58,740 --> 00:09:00,940 How do we secure our supply chains and 226 00:09:00,940 --> 00:09:02,829 ensure we have access to critical 227 00:09:02,829 --> 00:09:05,400 technologies ? What transition 228 00:09:05,400 --> 00:09:07,620 approaches might be helpful to defense 229 00:09:07,620 --> 00:09:09,950 communities and our industrial base As 230 00:09:09,950 --> 00:09:13,080 we shift to future technologies . And 231 00:09:13,090 --> 00:09:15,146 how does our global force management 232 00:09:15,146 --> 00:09:17,760 approach protect future readiness and 233 00:09:17,760 --> 00:09:20,410 preserve space now for experimentation 234 00:09:20,420 --> 00:09:22,180 and exercises that advance our 235 00:09:22,190 --> 00:09:26,170 operational ? Art secretary Austin and 236 00:09:26,170 --> 00:09:28,337 I are determined to work with military 237 00:09:28,337 --> 00:09:30,503 and civilian leaders in the department 238 00:09:30,503 --> 00:09:32,448 and with key partners in the inter 239 00:09:32,448 --> 00:09:34,780 agency on Capitol Hill and in the 240 00:09:34,780 --> 00:09:36,780 private and research sectors to get 241 00:09:36,780 --> 00:09:40,180 after these questions . A second reason 242 00:09:40,190 --> 00:09:42,412 I am confident we can deter adversaries 243 00:09:42,412 --> 00:09:44,860 effectively is this administration's 244 00:09:44,860 --> 00:09:47,030 commitment to strengthening . Perhaps 245 00:09:47,030 --> 00:09:48,697 the United States is greatest 246 00:09:48,697 --> 00:09:50,810 asymmetric advantage , our alliances 247 00:09:50,810 --> 00:09:53,430 and partnerships . The ability of the 248 00:09:53,430 --> 00:09:55,960 United States to pursue common economic 249 00:09:55,960 --> 00:09:58,110 and security goals with other nations 250 00:09:58,120 --> 00:10:00,350 is the cornerstone of our success , 251 00:10:00,370 --> 00:10:03,060 which is why rivals are attempting 252 00:10:03,070 --> 00:10:06,470 actively to undermine trust in us for 253 00:10:06,470 --> 00:10:08,581 the U . S . Military . Specifically , 254 00:10:08,581 --> 00:10:10,630 our defence relationships and the 255 00:10:10,630 --> 00:10:12,890 networks between and among them 256 00:10:12,900 --> 00:10:16,000 strengthen interoperability , generate 257 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:17,770 common norms and respect for 258 00:10:17,770 --> 00:10:19,790 responsible international behavior 259 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:23,420 across domains , and deepen the agility 260 00:10:23,420 --> 00:10:25,364 of our collective global posture . 261 00:10:26,740 --> 00:10:29,060 Third , the secretary and I know that 262 00:10:29,060 --> 00:10:31,060 meeting our greatest challenges and 263 00:10:31,060 --> 00:10:33,171 advancing the department's priorities 264 00:10:33,171 --> 00:10:36,410 will require sustained senior level 265 00:10:36,410 --> 00:10:39,220 attention to the levers that create 266 00:10:39,220 --> 00:10:41,260 lasting institutional change 267 00:10:41,940 --> 00:10:44,170 fundamental to our approach is the 268 00:10:44,170 --> 00:10:46,600 promotion of healthy civil military 269 00:10:46,610 --> 00:10:49,030 relations , which includes civilian 270 00:10:49,030 --> 00:10:51,340 control of U . S . Defense and national 271 00:10:51,340 --> 00:10:54,660 security policy . As the secretary has 272 00:10:54,660 --> 00:10:57,730 said before , the role and use of the U . 273 00:10:57,730 --> 00:11:00,490 S . Military must be clearly connected 274 00:11:00,500 --> 00:11:02,556 to the will of the American people , 275 00:11:03,940 --> 00:11:06,410 civilian control of the military and 276 00:11:06,410 --> 00:11:08,470 unity of department action in 277 00:11:08,470 --> 00:11:10,990 accordance with it is vital to our 278 00:11:10,990 --> 00:11:13,960 success . To that end , we are 279 00:11:13,960 --> 00:11:16,330 instilling disciplined processes and 280 00:11:16,330 --> 00:11:18,386 governance structures in the defense 281 00:11:18,386 --> 00:11:21,450 enterprise . This includes the explicit 282 00:11:21,450 --> 00:11:23,670 use of bodies such as the Deputies 283 00:11:23,670 --> 00:11:26,060 Management Action Group , also known as 284 00:11:26,060 --> 00:11:28,560 the D mag , to advance the secretary's 285 00:11:28,560 --> 00:11:30,171 commitment to innovation and 286 00:11:30,171 --> 00:11:33,870 modernization . Standing invitations to 287 00:11:33,870 --> 00:11:36,170 the D mag have been extended to senior 288 00:11:36,170 --> 00:11:39,070 D o D personnel such as the secretaries 289 00:11:39,070 --> 00:11:41,320 of the military departments , chiefs of 290 00:11:41,320 --> 00:11:43,450 the Military services Combatant 291 00:11:43,450 --> 00:11:46,070 commanders and OSD Principal Staff 292 00:11:46,070 --> 00:11:49,230 Assistance . I have also established 293 00:11:49,230 --> 00:11:51,140 subordinate governance forums on 294 00:11:51,140 --> 00:11:53,710 defense strategy and defense innovation , 295 00:11:53,720 --> 00:11:55,900 and will leverage existing bodies like 296 00:11:55,900 --> 00:11:57,900 the Nuclear Weapons Council to help 297 00:11:57,900 --> 00:12:00,200 drive civilian and uniformed leaders to 298 00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:02,200 build firm foundations for enduring 299 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:04,740 change through the deputies newly 300 00:12:04,740 --> 00:12:07,230 created Workforce Council . We will 301 00:12:07,230 --> 00:12:09,341 bring the same vision and disciplined 302 00:12:09,341 --> 00:12:11,720 execution to talent management that we 303 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:14,060 devote to weapons systems and budgets . 304 00:12:15,440 --> 00:12:19,260 A real enduring bipartisan consensus 305 00:12:19,260 --> 00:12:21,490 has emerged around the multidimensional 306 00:12:21,490 --> 00:12:23,450 challenge that Beijing presents . 307 00:12:24,140 --> 00:12:26,370 Democrats and Republicans alike 308 00:12:26,380 --> 00:12:28,213 recognize that the Department of 309 00:12:28,213 --> 00:12:31,130 Defense should and must prioritize the 310 00:12:31,130 --> 00:12:33,530 PRC as the pacing challenge for the 311 00:12:33,530 --> 00:12:36,830 United States . As such , D O . D 312 00:12:36,830 --> 00:12:38,663 should be confident that it will 313 00:12:38,663 --> 00:12:40,441 continue to receive the support 314 00:12:40,441 --> 00:12:43,310 required to sustain our edge . As the 315 00:12:43,310 --> 00:12:45,310 department begins the congressional 316 00:12:45,310 --> 00:12:47,470 mandated process of reviewing and 317 00:12:47,470 --> 00:12:50,370 revising its defense strategy , we must 318 00:12:50,370 --> 00:12:52,560 seek to ensure not simply that we have 319 00:12:52,560 --> 00:12:55,280 the resources we need , but also that 320 00:12:55,280 --> 00:12:57,570 our military concepts and capabilities 321 00:12:57,580 --> 00:13:00,620 can't utter and if needed , win against 322 00:13:00,620 --> 00:13:04,110 our most challenging rivals . We must 323 00:13:04,110 --> 00:13:06,277 not only succeed in the competition of 324 00:13:06,277 --> 00:13:08,790 ideas , but in the steadfastness of our 325 00:13:08,790 --> 00:13:11,980 execution . Thank you all for allowing 326 00:13:11,980 --> 00:13:14,091 me the privilege of speaking with you 327 00:13:14,091 --> 00:13:16,091 today . I very much look forward to 328 00:13:16,091 --> 00:13:16,360 your questions .