1
00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:04,150
Yeah . Yeah . Yes . 

2
00:00:05,740 --> 00:00:07,962
Hey , good morning ladies and gentlemen 

3
00:00:07,962 --> 00:00:09,962
welcome today's press conference on 

4
00:00:09,962 --> 00:00:12,129
artificial intelligence . Someone sent 

5
00:00:12,129 --> 00:00:14,296
a Commander , Arlo Abrahamson and I'll 

6
00:00:14,296 --> 00:00:16,573
be moderating today's briefing with us . 

7
00:00:16,573 --> 00:00:18,796
Today is the honourable robert , a work 

8
00:00:18,796 --> 00:00:18,730
Vice chair of the National Security 

9
00:00:18,730 --> 00:00:20,841
Commission on Artificial Intelligence 

10
00:00:20,970 --> 00:00:23,026
and Lieutenant General Michael grown 

11
00:00:23,026 --> 00:00:25,137
the director of the D . O . D . Joint 

12
00:00:25,137 --> 00:00:27,303
Artificial Intelligence center . We'll 

13
00:00:27,303 --> 00:00:29,414
begin this morning's briefing with an 

14
00:00:29,414 --> 00:00:29,350
opening statement from both principles . 

15
00:00:29,350 --> 00:00:31,550
Then we'll go to questions . I'll plan 

16
00:00:31,550 --> 00:00:34,270
to go out to people out in the phones . 

17
00:00:34,280 --> 00:00:36,224
We have a few people in the room . 

18
00:00:36,224 --> 00:00:38,270
Please just identify your name and 

19
00:00:38,270 --> 00:00:40,492
outlet to the principles before you ask 

20
00:00:40,492 --> 00:00:42,659
your question . And with that I'll now 

21
00:00:42,659 --> 00:00:44,659
turn it over to mr work and general 

22
00:00:44,659 --> 00:00:46,381
grown to deliver their opening 

23
00:00:46,381 --> 00:00:48,437
statements . Well thank you and good 

24
00:00:48,437 --> 00:00:50,590
morning everybody those here and also 

25
00:00:50,600 --> 00:00:52,890
who are following online . I'd like to 

26
00:00:52,890 --> 00:00:55,660
start by just two over arching comments 

27
00:00:56,440 --> 00:00:58,680
first for the first time since World 

28
00:00:58,680 --> 00:01:01,660
War two , the United States Technical 

29
00:01:01,660 --> 00:01:05,100
Predominance which undergirds both our 

30
00:01:05,110 --> 00:01:06,560
economic and our military 

31
00:01:06,560 --> 00:01:09,460
competitiveness is under severe threat 

32
00:01:10,040 --> 00:01:12,050
by the people's Republic of china 

33
00:01:14,140 --> 00:01:17,880
Nick Burns who is in his confirmation 

34
00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:20,440
hearing or Bill Byrne's . Bill Burns . 

35
00:01:20,440 --> 00:01:22,890
I'm sorry Bill Burns in his 

36
00:01:22,890 --> 00:01:25,112
confirmation hearing is the director of 

37
00:01:25,112 --> 00:01:27,279
C . I . A . Said that in the strategic 

38
00:01:27,279 --> 00:01:29,390
competition with china technology 

39
00:01:29,390 --> 00:01:32,340
competition is the central pillar and 

40
00:01:32,340 --> 00:01:35,560
the AI commission agrees totally with 

41
00:01:35,560 --> 00:01:38,620
that . The second broad thought is 

42
00:01:38,630 --> 00:01:40,852
within this technological competition . 

43
00:01:41,540 --> 00:01:44,260
The single most important technology 

44
00:01:44,740 --> 00:01:48,130
that the United States must master is 

45
00:01:48,140 --> 00:01:50,307
artificial intelligence and all of its 

46
00:01:50,307 --> 00:01:53,780
associated technologies . Now we 

47
00:01:53,780 --> 00:01:57,670
believe uh we view a I 

48
00:01:57,670 --> 00:02:00,370
much like thomas Edison viewed 

49
00:02:00,380 --> 00:02:03,840
electricity , he said it is a field of 

50
00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:06,790
fields , it holds the secrets which 

51
00:02:06,790 --> 00:02:09,660
will reorganize the life of the world . 

52
00:02:10,640 --> 00:02:12,862
Now it sounds like a little hyperbole , 

53
00:02:12,862 --> 00:02:15,800
but we actually believe that it is a 

54
00:02:15,800 --> 00:02:18,190
new way of learning which will change 

55
00:02:18,200 --> 00:02:21,350
everything . It will help us in uh , 

56
00:02:21,360 --> 00:02:23,900
utilize quantum computing better . It 

57
00:02:23,900 --> 00:02:26,011
will help us in health , it will help 

58
00:02:26,011 --> 00:02:27,956
us in finance , it will help us in 

59
00:02:27,960 --> 00:02:31,450
military competition . It is truly a 

60
00:02:31,450 --> 00:02:33,420
field of feels . So if that is 

61
00:02:33,420 --> 00:02:36,550
background , we said , look , we are 

62
00:02:36,550 --> 00:02:39,250
not organized to win this competition . 

63
00:02:39,940 --> 00:02:43,110
We just are not , we say we're in a 

64
00:02:43,110 --> 00:02:45,221
competition , which is a good thing . 

65
00:02:45,221 --> 00:02:47,443
The first thing you have to do is admit 

66
00:02:47,443 --> 00:02:49,499
you have a problem . So Houston , we 

67
00:02:49,499 --> 00:02:51,332
have a problem , but we have not 

68
00:02:51,332 --> 00:02:53,054
organized ourselves to win the 

69
00:02:53,054 --> 00:02:55,610
competition . We do not have a strategy 

70
00:02:55,620 --> 00:02:57,980
to win the competition . We do not have 

71
00:02:57,980 --> 00:03:01,490
the resources to implement a strategy , 

72
00:03:01,500 --> 00:03:04,760
even if we had one . So the first thing 

73
00:03:04,760 --> 00:03:07,210
is we have got to take this competition 

74
00:03:07,210 --> 00:03:10,760
seriously and we need to win it . We 

75
00:03:10,760 --> 00:03:13,560
need to enter it with the one single 

76
00:03:13,940 --> 00:03:16,140
goal . We will win this technological 

77
00:03:16,140 --> 00:03:19,650
competition . Um , now , 

78
00:03:19,650 --> 00:03:21,950
what we decided the best way to think 

79
00:03:21,950 --> 00:03:25,280
about this is We are not organized now . 

80
00:03:25,290 --> 00:03:27,500
We need to get organized . We said by 

81
00:03:27,500 --> 00:03:30,970
2025 , we should the department and the 

82
00:03:30,970 --> 00:03:32,914
federal government should have the 

83
00:03:32,914 --> 00:03:36,050
foundations in peace for widespread 

84
00:03:37,140 --> 00:03:40,810
uh integration of AI across the federal 

85
00:03:40,810 --> 00:03:43,070
government and particularly in D . O . 

86
00:03:43,070 --> 00:03:45,760
D . Now there are three main building 

87
00:03:45,760 --> 00:03:48,290
blocks to achieve this vision . First , 

88
00:03:48,290 --> 00:03:50,457
you have to have top down leadership . 

89
00:03:50,457 --> 00:03:53,070
You cannot say AI is important and then 

90
00:03:53,080 --> 00:03:56,080
let all of the agencies and subordinate 

91
00:03:56,090 --> 00:03:58,420
departments figure out what that means . 

92
00:03:58,430 --> 00:04:00,550
You have to have someone from the top 

93
00:04:00,550 --> 00:04:02,606
saying this is the vector . You will 

94
00:04:02,606 --> 00:04:04,494
follow the vector . If you do not 

95
00:04:04,494 --> 00:04:06,272
follow the vector , you will be 

96
00:04:06,272 --> 00:04:08,606
penalized . If you do follow the vector , 

97
00:04:08,606 --> 00:04:10,840
you will gain extra resources so you 

98
00:04:10,840 --> 00:04:13,760
have to have top down leadership . Now , 

99
00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:16,551
one of the first recommendations that 

100
00:04:16,551 --> 00:04:19,660
we made is jake was underneath the C . 

101
00:04:19,660 --> 00:04:22,040
I . O . And it was actually underneath 

102
00:04:22,050 --> 00:04:25,440
disa in many ways administratively we 

103
00:04:25,440 --> 00:04:27,480
said if you want to make a I your 

104
00:04:27,480 --> 00:04:31,140
central technological thrust it needs 

105
00:04:31,140 --> 00:04:33,160
to be elevated . And we recommended 

106
00:04:33,160 --> 00:04:35,104
that the jake report either to the 

107
00:04:35,104 --> 00:04:37,280
secretary or the deputy secretary that 

108
00:04:37,280 --> 00:04:39,340
was actually included in the India . 

109
00:04:39,340 --> 00:04:41,620
And now Jake reports to the Deputy 

110
00:04:41,620 --> 00:04:43,750
secretary defense . And that's a very 

111
00:04:43,750 --> 00:04:45,861
good first step . Well , we think the 

112
00:04:45,861 --> 00:04:48,250
next step is to establish a steering 

113
00:04:48,250 --> 00:04:50,700
committee on emerging technology . This 

114
00:04:50,700 --> 00:04:53,480
would be a try chaired organization , 

115
00:04:53,480 --> 00:04:55,258
the deputy secretary , the vice 

116
00:04:55,258 --> 00:04:57,369
chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 

117
00:04:57,369 --> 00:04:59,424
and the principal Deputy Director of 

118
00:04:59,424 --> 00:05:01,780
National Intelligence . They would sit 

119
00:05:01,840 --> 00:05:03,729
and they would look at all of the 

120
00:05:03,729 --> 00:05:05,729
technologies . They would drive the 

121
00:05:05,729 --> 00:05:08,770
thrust towards an Ai future and they 

122
00:05:08,770 --> 00:05:11,470
would coordinate all activities between 

123
00:05:11,470 --> 00:05:13,637
the intelligence community and D . O . 

124
00:05:13,637 --> 00:05:16,210
D . Which is a righteous thing . They 

125
00:05:16,210 --> 00:05:18,377
would be the ones who identify lack of 

126
00:05:18,377 --> 00:05:21,790
resources , address that problem . Uh 

127
00:05:21,800 --> 00:05:24,350
and also remove any bureaucratic 

128
00:05:24,350 --> 00:05:26,490
obstacles . The steering committee 

129
00:05:26,490 --> 00:05:28,434
would oversee the development of a 

130
00:05:28,434 --> 00:05:30,560
technology annex of the National 

131
00:05:30,560 --> 00:05:33,710
Defense Strategy . The last time we had 

132
00:05:33,720 --> 00:05:37,010
a list of technologies , There were 10 

133
00:05:37,010 --> 00:05:40,260
on the list . All 10 of those were very , 

134
00:05:40,260 --> 00:05:42,371
very important . But when you have 10 

135
00:05:42,371 --> 00:05:44,593
things as your priorities , you have no 

136
00:05:44,593 --> 00:05:47,830
priorities . You have to establish some 

137
00:05:47,830 --> 00:05:50,160
type of prioritization and enforce it . 

138
00:05:50,740 --> 00:05:52,962
So the technology annex to the National 

139
00:05:52,962 --> 00:05:55,073
Defense Strategy would do just that . 

140
00:05:55,840 --> 00:05:58,150
Also , the department should set a I 

141
00:05:58,150 --> 00:06:00,320
readiness performance goals by the end 

142
00:06:00,320 --> 00:06:04,090
of this fiscal year , 2021 With an eye 

143
00:06:04,090 --> 00:06:07,210
towards 2025 when we need to be a I 

144
00:06:07,210 --> 00:06:10,820
ready . So top down Leadership is the 

145
00:06:10,820 --> 00:06:13,300
first big pillar . The second is to 

146
00:06:13,300 --> 00:06:15,133
ensure that we have in place the 

147
00:06:15,133 --> 00:06:16,830
resources , processes and the 

148
00:06:16,830 --> 00:06:19,690
organizations to enable aI integration 

149
00:06:19,700 --> 00:06:22,840
into the force . Now , Yeah , 

150
00:06:23,640 --> 00:06:25,780
the commission said you need to 

151
00:06:25,780 --> 00:06:28,160
establish a common digital ecosystem . 

152
00:06:28,740 --> 00:06:30,750
The jake has established the joint 

153
00:06:30,750 --> 00:06:33,070
Common Foundation . There are a lot of 

154
00:06:33,070 --> 00:06:36,200
similarities between the two , although 

155
00:06:36,210 --> 00:06:39,070
the commission's view is a little bit 

156
00:06:39,080 --> 00:06:41,210
broader than the joint Common 

157
00:06:41,210 --> 00:06:43,480
Foundation at the point , but the point 

158
00:06:43,480 --> 00:06:47,430
is that everyone sees the necessity uh 

159
00:06:47,440 --> 00:06:50,120
that provides access to all users in 

160
00:06:50,120 --> 00:06:52,350
the department to software , train 

161
00:06:52,350 --> 00:06:54,930
models , data computing and a 

162
00:06:54,930 --> 00:06:57,070
developmental environment for def sec 

163
00:06:57,070 --> 00:07:00,730
ops , that is secure . We 

164
00:07:00,730 --> 00:07:02,952
recommended that you designate the jake 

165
00:07:02,952 --> 00:07:05,630
is the Ai accelerator . We actually 

166
00:07:05,640 --> 00:07:08,350
assess that china is a little bit ahead 

167
00:07:08,350 --> 00:07:12,150
of the United States and fielding 

168
00:07:12,160 --> 00:07:16,000
applications at scale . We can catch up 

169
00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:18,480
with them and we believe that jake is 

170
00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:21,270
the logical place in the department to 

171
00:07:21,270 --> 00:07:23,200
really be the accelerator for AI 

172
00:07:23,200 --> 00:07:26,990
applications at scale . The 

173
00:07:26,990 --> 00:07:29,268
department has to increase its S and T . 

174
00:07:29,268 --> 00:07:33,260
Spending on uh A . I . And all of R and 

175
00:07:33,260 --> 00:07:35,427
D . We think it should be a minimum of 

176
00:07:35,427 --> 00:07:38,570
3.4% of the budget . And we recommend 

177
00:07:38,570 --> 00:07:40,514
that the department spend about $8 

178
00:07:40,514 --> 00:07:42,950
billion on A . I . R . And D . Annually . 

179
00:07:43,440 --> 00:07:45,607
That will allow us , we think to cover 

180
00:07:45,607 --> 00:07:47,662
down on all the key research areas , 

181
00:07:47,940 --> 00:07:49,773
there's all sorts of specialized 

182
00:07:49,773 --> 00:07:51,829
acquisition pathways and contracting 

183
00:07:51,829 --> 00:07:54,000
authorities out there . We still 

184
00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:56,590
continually need to refine them because 

185
00:07:56,600 --> 00:07:58,730
many of them are not perfectly 

186
00:07:58,740 --> 00:08:01,750
applicable to software type things . 

187
00:08:02,140 --> 00:08:05,230
And I know jake is working on this but 

188
00:08:05,230 --> 00:08:07,397
we have to have an updated approach to 

189
00:08:07,397 --> 00:08:09,452
the budget and oversight process for 

190
00:08:09,452 --> 00:08:12,030
these things . So the second big pillar 

191
00:08:12,050 --> 00:08:14,272
is ensure you have the resources in the 

192
00:08:14,272 --> 00:08:17,420
processes and the organizations and 

193
00:08:17,420 --> 00:08:19,587
third you have to accelerate and scale 

194
00:08:19,587 --> 00:08:21,809
tech adoption . You really have to push 

195
00:08:21,809 --> 00:08:24,110
this . So we recommend stand up and AI 

196
00:08:24,110 --> 00:08:26,460
development team at every single cocom 

197
00:08:26,840 --> 00:08:29,210
with foreign deployable elements and 

198
00:08:29,210 --> 00:08:31,440
they leverage technological uh 

199
00:08:31,450 --> 00:08:33,260
knowledge to develop innovative 

200
00:08:33,260 --> 00:08:35,760
operational concepts and essentially 

201
00:08:35,760 --> 00:08:38,840
establish a poll for AI enabled 

202
00:08:38,850 --> 00:08:40,760
applications that will help them 

203
00:08:41,140 --> 00:08:44,590
accomplish their missions . The 

204
00:08:44,590 --> 00:08:46,701
department should prioritize adoption 

205
00:08:46,701 --> 00:08:49,040
of commercial AI solutions , especially 

206
00:08:49,040 --> 00:08:51,360
for all of the back office stuff . 

207
00:08:51,740 --> 00:08:53,962
There's really no reason to do a lot of 

208
00:08:53,962 --> 00:08:56,073
research on those type applications . 

209
00:08:56,240 --> 00:08:58,351
The commercial industry has plenty of 

210
00:08:58,351 --> 00:09:00,300
them . You just have to prioritize 

211
00:09:00,350 --> 00:09:02,183
identifying the ones that can be 

212
00:09:02,183 --> 00:09:04,380
modified for our use and bring them in 

213
00:09:04,380 --> 00:09:06,820
as quickly as possible . We think the 

214
00:09:06,820 --> 00:09:09,042
department should establish a dedicated 

215
00:09:09,042 --> 00:09:11,209
AI fund under the control of the under 

216
00:09:11,209 --> 00:09:13,320
Secretary of Defense for Research and 

217
00:09:13,320 --> 00:09:15,610
Engineering . And that fund would allow 

218
00:09:15,620 --> 00:09:19,580
undersecretary to get small innovative 

219
00:09:19,590 --> 00:09:21,960
AI companies across the Valley of Death . 

220
00:09:22,340 --> 00:09:24,660
And this would be up to the Under 

221
00:09:24,660 --> 00:09:27,400
secretary Defense for Arnie , who is 

222
00:09:27,400 --> 00:09:29,580
the chief technology officer of the 

223
00:09:29,580 --> 00:09:33,220
department . Now the things that under 

224
00:09:33,220 --> 00:09:35,250
cross all of these are talent , 

225
00:09:36,640 --> 00:09:39,660
ethics and international partnerships . 

226
00:09:39,810 --> 00:09:43,080
We talk about talent first , we think 

227
00:09:43,090 --> 00:09:45,312
we have to have a . D . O . D . Digital 

228
00:09:45,312 --> 00:09:47,479
core modeled after the Medical Corps . 

229
00:09:47,940 --> 00:09:50,350
These are digitally savvy warriors , 

230
00:09:50,590 --> 00:09:54,290
administrators and leaders . We just 

231
00:09:54,290 --> 00:09:56,457
need to know who they are . We need to 

232
00:09:56,457 --> 00:09:58,512
code them in some way and we need to 

233
00:09:58,512 --> 00:10:00,568
make sure they're in the places that 

234
00:10:00,568 --> 00:10:02,790
have the highest return on investment . 

235
00:10:03,140 --> 00:10:04,751
We need to train and educate 

236
00:10:04,751 --> 00:10:06,307
warfighters to develop core 

237
00:10:06,307 --> 00:10:10,050
competencies and using and responsibly 

238
00:10:10,540 --> 00:10:12,790
teeming with machine systems , 

239
00:10:12,800 --> 00:10:14,760
understanding their limitations , 

240
00:10:15,140 --> 00:10:17,251
understanding what they should not be 

241
00:10:17,251 --> 00:10:20,220
asked to do , et cetera And equally . 

242
00:10:20,220 --> 00:10:22,442
And other emerging technologies need to 

243
00:10:22,442 --> 00:10:24,664
feature prominently . And senior leader 

244
00:10:24,664 --> 00:10:27,440
education and training with a key focus 

245
00:10:27,440 --> 00:10:30,260
on ethics . The ethical use of AI . 

246
00:10:31,740 --> 00:10:34,210
Now go right into that . We're in a 

247
00:10:34,210 --> 00:10:36,960
competition with authoritarian regimes . 

248
00:10:36,970 --> 00:10:39,550
Authoritarian regimes will use 

249
00:10:39,550 --> 00:10:42,430
technology that reflect their own 

250
00:10:42,440 --> 00:10:45,150
governing principles . We already know 

251
00:10:45,150 --> 00:10:47,450
how china wants to use Ai . They want 

252
00:10:47,450 --> 00:10:49,672
to use it for population surveillance . 

253
00:10:49,710 --> 00:10:51,488
They want to use it to suppress 

254
00:10:51,488 --> 00:10:54,710
minorities . They want to use it to cut 

255
00:10:54,720 --> 00:10:57,690
individual privacy and trample on civil 

256
00:10:57,690 --> 00:11:00,000
liberties . That's not going to work 

257
00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:02,222
for a democratic nation like the United 

258
00:11:02,222 --> 00:11:05,210
States . And so this is as much a 

259
00:11:05,210 --> 00:11:07,550
values competition as it is a 

260
00:11:07,550 --> 00:11:09,880
technological competition . The way 

261
00:11:09,880 --> 00:11:12,102
eric Schmidt , our chairman talks about 

262
00:11:12,102 --> 00:11:15,640
this Is we're going to employ platforms 

263
00:11:15,660 --> 00:11:18,360
which bring these technologies . So 

264
00:11:18,360 --> 00:11:20,490
let's just think about how 5G worked 

265
00:11:20,820 --> 00:11:24,260
Huawei's 5G technologies 

266
00:11:24,640 --> 00:11:28,640
allowed a country who do this 

267
00:11:28,650 --> 00:11:32,370
uses it to essentially surveil their 

268
00:11:32,370 --> 00:11:36,050
population . So these values are 

269
00:11:36,050 --> 00:11:38,110
very very critical and an important 

270
00:11:38,110 --> 00:11:41,660
part of the competition . And finally 

271
00:11:41,670 --> 00:11:43,837
we're not going to succeed if we do it 

272
00:11:43,837 --> 00:11:45,726
alone . This is a kind of central 

273
00:11:45,726 --> 00:11:48,280
thinking and U . S . Defense um 

274
00:11:48,290 --> 00:11:51,300
strategies . So we have to promote a i 

275
00:11:51,300 --> 00:11:53,300
interoperability in the adoption of 

276
00:11:53,300 --> 00:11:55,760
emerging technologies across among our 

277
00:11:55,760 --> 00:11:58,910
allies and our partners . We are 

278
00:11:58,920 --> 00:12:01,087
absolutely confident as a commission , 

279
00:12:01,087 --> 00:12:03,650
we can win this competition but we will 

280
00:12:03,650 --> 00:12:06,400
not win it if we do not organize 

281
00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:09,310
ourselves and have a strategy and have 

282
00:12:09,310 --> 00:12:12,000
resources for the strategy and a means 

283
00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:15,300
by which to implement the strategy and 

284
00:12:15,300 --> 00:12:18,900
make sure that everyone is doing their 

285
00:12:18,900 --> 00:12:22,060
part . Thank you . Mhm . Good . 

286
00:12:25,340 --> 00:12:27,507
All right . Good morning everybody and 

287
00:12:27,507 --> 00:12:29,618
thank you very much for participating 

288
00:12:29,618 --> 00:12:31,840
in this important session . And first I 

289
00:12:31,840 --> 00:12:34,062
want to say thank you to Secretary work 

290
00:12:34,062 --> 00:12:36,284
and the National Security Commission AI 

291
00:12:36,284 --> 00:12:38,396
on AI team . Just incredible work . I 

292
00:12:38,396 --> 00:12:40,451
mean , what you see if you if you've 

293
00:12:40,451 --> 00:12:42,507
read the report , if you haven't , I 

294
00:12:42,507 --> 00:12:44,673
encourage you to go to the website and 

295
00:12:44,673 --> 00:12:46,729
look at the NSC AI final report . Um 

296
00:12:46,729 --> 00:12:48,284
What you see is like a deep 

297
00:12:48,284 --> 00:12:50,340
understanding and a deep analysis of 

298
00:12:50,340 --> 00:12:52,562
down to first principles bare metal for 

299
00:12:52,562 --> 00:12:55,360
what it takes for a i integration and 

300
00:12:55,360 --> 00:12:57,582
preserving our military effectiveness . 

301
00:12:57,582 --> 00:12:59,582
Um What they produced is critically 

302
00:12:59,582 --> 00:13:01,749
important and critically important for 

303
00:13:01,749 --> 00:13:03,804
us in the department , but it's also 

304
00:13:03,804 --> 00:13:03,740
critically important for our national 

305
00:13:03,740 --> 00:13:06,070
competitiveness . In the same breath , 

306
00:13:06,080 --> 00:13:08,191
I'd like to say thank you to Congress 

307
00:13:08,191 --> 00:13:10,413
and uh and department leadership , both 

308
00:13:10,413 --> 00:13:12,191
of which clearly understand the 

309
00:13:12,191 --> 00:13:14,530
importance and the need to innovate and 

310
00:13:14,530 --> 00:13:16,700
modernize the way we fight and the way 

311
00:13:16,700 --> 00:13:18,690
we do business . And I'm happy to 

312
00:13:18,690 --> 00:13:20,700
report as the director of the jake 

313
00:13:20,710 --> 00:13:22,932
positive momentum toward implementation 

314
00:13:22,932 --> 00:13:25,430
of an AI uh implementation of AI at 

315
00:13:25,430 --> 00:13:27,541
scale . We certainly have a long ways 

316
00:13:27,541 --> 00:13:29,486
to go . But you can see the needle 

317
00:13:29,486 --> 00:13:31,870
trending positive uh with bipartisan 

318
00:13:31,870 --> 00:13:33,814
support from Congress , with great 

319
00:13:33,814 --> 00:13:36,148
support from the D . O . D . Leadership , 

320
00:13:36,148 --> 00:13:38,259
the services are beginning to develop 

321
00:13:38,259 --> 00:13:40,370
aI initiatives and expand operational 

322
00:13:40,370 --> 00:13:42,426
experimentation that is taking those 

323
00:13:42,426 --> 00:13:44,592
first steps . The defense agencies are 

324
00:13:44,592 --> 00:13:46,759
reaching out daily to share their best 

325
00:13:46,759 --> 00:13:48,981
practices with us and with each other . 

326
00:13:48,981 --> 00:13:51,203
The combatant commands , especially the 

327
00:13:51,203 --> 00:13:53,426
combatant commanders , have have caught 

328
00:13:53,426 --> 00:13:55,648
a glimpse of what the future might look 

329
00:13:55,648 --> 00:13:57,703
like through a series of integrative 

330
00:13:57,703 --> 00:13:59,814
exercises . They like it and they are 

331
00:13:59,814 --> 00:13:59,360
they're eager to gain these 

332
00:13:59,360 --> 00:14:01,940
capabilities with the jake now aligned 

333
00:14:01,940 --> 00:14:03,900
under the deputy secretary , which 

334
00:14:03,900 --> 00:14:05,567
gives her and the rest of the 

335
00:14:05,567 --> 00:14:07,567
department leadership access to the 

336
00:14:07,567 --> 00:14:09,733
tools and processes to reinforce their 

337
00:14:09,733 --> 00:14:11,678
priorities . Underline our ethical 

338
00:14:11,678 --> 00:14:13,900
foundations , integrate our enterprises 

339
00:14:13,900 --> 00:14:16,067
and transform our business processes . 

340
00:14:16,067 --> 00:14:18,233
And we were eagerly looking forward to 

341
00:14:18,233 --> 00:14:21,880
that work . Um like the CIA I we see 

342
00:14:21,880 --> 00:14:24,250
a as a core tenet of defense 

343
00:14:24,250 --> 00:14:26,990
modernization and when I say I want to 

344
00:14:26,990 --> 00:14:29,101
be clear , I'm not just talking about 

345
00:14:29,101 --> 00:14:31,740
the Jake all ai the efforts of the 

346
00:14:31,740 --> 00:14:33,407
services , the efforts of the 

347
00:14:33,407 --> 00:14:35,880
department's uh and the agency's rides 

348
00:14:35,880 --> 00:14:37,991
on the foundations of good networks , 

349
00:14:37,991 --> 00:14:40,920
good data services , good security and 

350
00:14:40,920 --> 00:14:43,300
good partnerships . An important part 

351
00:14:43,300 --> 00:14:45,580
of the jake's business model is to 

352
00:14:45,590 --> 00:14:47,290
build those as part of our AI 

353
00:14:47,290 --> 00:14:49,920
infrastructure and with lots of budget 

354
00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:51,976
work ahead I think , you know , well 

355
00:14:51,976 --> 00:14:54,530
here , you know , as Fy 22 is relooked 

356
00:14:54,530 --> 00:14:57,550
and and the Palm 23 to 27 is developed . 

357
00:14:57,560 --> 00:14:59,449
You know , we'll hear a lot about 

358
00:14:59,449 --> 00:15:02,110
modern weapons systems and concepts and 

359
00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:03,953
it's important that we should we 

360
00:15:03,953 --> 00:15:06,250
understand that their potential those 

361
00:15:06,250 --> 00:15:08,194
weapons systems , those concepts , 

362
00:15:08,194 --> 00:15:10,306
their potential to modernize our ward 

363
00:15:10,306 --> 00:15:12,610
fighting rides on those trends , on the 

364
00:15:12,610 --> 00:15:15,140
foundational data , the networks , the 

365
00:15:15,150 --> 00:15:17,261
algorithms that we build to integrate 

366
00:15:17,261 --> 00:15:19,610
and inform them . Uh We'll have to talk 

367
00:15:19,610 --> 00:15:22,290
about these technical foundation and 

368
00:15:22,290 --> 00:15:24,640
architecture architecture in the same 

369
00:15:24,640 --> 00:15:26,418
conversation that we talk about 

370
00:15:26,418 --> 00:15:29,210
platforms getting A I right and are 

371
00:15:29,210 --> 00:15:31,377
secure data fabric environment , right 

372
00:15:31,377 --> 00:15:33,266
will be central to our ability to 

373
00:15:33,266 --> 00:15:35,321
compete effectively with the chinese 

374
00:15:35,321 --> 00:15:37,488
and the Russians as well or any modern 

375
00:15:37,488 --> 00:15:39,730
threat for that matter . Um And and 

376
00:15:39,730 --> 00:15:41,900
there's more actually so in an era of 

377
00:15:41,900 --> 00:15:45,640
tightening budgets and and a focus on 

378
00:15:45,650 --> 00:15:48,950
on on squeezing out things that our 

379
00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:51,016
that our legacy are not important in 

380
00:15:51,016 --> 00:15:54,010
the budget . Um uh the productivity 

381
00:15:54,010 --> 00:15:56,330
gains and the efficiency gains that ai 

382
00:15:56,330 --> 00:15:57,997
can bring to the department , 

383
00:15:57,997 --> 00:16:00,330
especially through the business process , 

384
00:16:00,330 --> 00:16:02,720
transformation actually becomes an 

385
00:16:02,730 --> 00:16:05,440
economic necessity . So in a squeeze 

386
00:16:05,440 --> 00:16:08,570
play between modernizing our warfare 

387
00:16:08,580 --> 00:16:10,990
that moves at machine speed and tighter 

388
00:16:10,990 --> 00:16:14,520
budgets , AI is doubly doubly necessary . 

389
00:16:14,530 --> 00:16:16,474
Uh So what I'm , what am I talking 

390
00:16:16,474 --> 00:16:18,197
about when I talk about a I as 

391
00:16:18,197 --> 00:16:20,430
secretary works comments uh convey the 

392
00:16:20,430 --> 00:16:22,652
integration of AI across the across the 

393
00:16:22,652 --> 00:16:24,486
government and the Department of 

394
00:16:24,486 --> 00:16:27,720
Defense is much more than just a just a 

395
00:16:27,730 --> 00:16:30,590
facile layer of technology applied . 

396
00:16:30,600 --> 00:16:33,470
It's not about shiny objects . You've 

397
00:16:33,470 --> 00:16:36,510
heard the phrase amateur study tactics 

398
00:16:37,240 --> 00:16:39,740
and professional study logistics . Well , 

399
00:16:39,740 --> 00:16:41,840
in this environment , amateurs talk 

400
00:16:41,850 --> 00:16:44,060
about applications and professionals 

401
00:16:44,060 --> 00:16:46,140
talk about architecture and networks 

402
00:16:46,150 --> 00:16:48,330
and elevating the Ai dialogue in the 

403
00:16:48,330 --> 00:16:50,552
department so that we are talking about 

404
00:16:50,552 --> 00:16:52,608
the foundations of all of our modern 

405
00:16:52,608 --> 00:16:54,941
capabilities is a really important task . 

406
00:16:54,941 --> 00:16:57,108
One that we're that we're working hard 

407
00:16:57,108 --> 00:16:59,640
on the core business model . That is 

408
00:16:59,640 --> 00:17:01,830
what the department uh gives to the 

409
00:17:01,830 --> 00:17:04,052
american people . What our mission is . 

410
00:17:04,052 --> 00:17:06,150
Doesn't change . But a modernized , 

411
00:17:06,160 --> 00:17:09,200
data driven software heavy organization 

412
00:17:09,210 --> 00:17:12,890
will do things in a different way . It 

413
00:17:12,890 --> 00:17:15,001
really represents a transformation of 

414
00:17:15,001 --> 00:17:17,460
our operating model . How do we do the 

415
00:17:17,460 --> 00:17:19,516
things that we do as a Department of 

416
00:17:19,516 --> 00:17:21,738
Defense ? And that operating model will 

417
00:17:21,738 --> 00:17:23,349
have to create a common data 

418
00:17:23,349 --> 00:17:25,293
environment where data is shared , 

419
00:17:25,293 --> 00:17:27,571
data's authoritative data is available . 

420
00:17:27,571 --> 00:17:29,627
The data feeds and algorithms across 

421
00:17:29,627 --> 00:17:31,849
the department will create productivity 

422
00:17:31,849 --> 00:17:34,480
gains , accelerate processes , uh 

423
00:17:34,490 --> 00:17:36,657
provide management visibility insights 

424
00:17:36,657 --> 00:17:38,840
into markets . And if all of that 

425
00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:41,500
sounds like a modern software driven 

426
00:17:41,500 --> 00:17:43,910
company , uh you know , you can think 

427
00:17:43,920 --> 00:17:46,390
think of all of our tech giants uh and 

428
00:17:46,390 --> 00:17:48,860
and uh and smaller innovative companies 

429
00:17:48,860 --> 00:17:51,570
across the U . S . Economy . Um It's 

430
00:17:51,570 --> 00:17:53,792
because it is it's the same challenge , 

431
00:17:53,792 --> 00:17:55,959
It's the same problem . And so we have 

432
00:17:55,959 --> 00:17:58,014
examples right ? There's very little 

433
00:17:58,014 --> 00:18:00,370
magic here . It's about making our 

434
00:18:00,370 --> 00:18:02,537
organization the Department of Defense 

435
00:18:02,537 --> 00:18:04,259
in this case as productive and 

436
00:18:04,259 --> 00:18:06,092
efficient as any of these modern 

437
00:18:06,092 --> 00:18:08,148
successful data driven enterprises . 

438
00:18:08,240 --> 00:18:11,140
But there's so much more because all of 

439
00:18:11,140 --> 00:18:13,307
this technology applies equally to our 

440
00:18:13,307 --> 00:18:15,029
warfighting capabilities , our 

441
00:18:15,029 --> 00:18:16,862
capabilities in a broad range of 

442
00:18:16,862 --> 00:18:18,807
supporting activities from all the 

443
00:18:18,807 --> 00:18:20,973
defense agencies and other places that 

444
00:18:20,973 --> 00:18:23,251
make up the business of the department . 

445
00:18:23,251 --> 00:18:25,362
We've created a positive momentum for 

446
00:18:25,362 --> 00:18:27,696
AI and we continue to build on that now . 

447
00:18:27,696 --> 00:18:29,862
But now comes the real critical test . 

448
00:18:29,862 --> 00:18:31,890
Um As in any transformation . The 

449
00:18:31,900 --> 00:18:34,100
hardest part is institutional change 

450
00:18:34,110 --> 00:18:36,430
and change management of the workforce 

451
00:18:36,430 --> 00:18:38,870
and practices and processes that drive 

452
00:18:38,870 --> 00:18:41,037
that drive a business . This step will 

453
00:18:41,037 --> 00:18:43,203
not be easy even within the Department 

454
00:18:43,203 --> 00:18:45,259
of Defense , but its foundational to 

455
00:18:45,259 --> 00:18:47,110
our competitive success , our 

456
00:18:47,110 --> 00:18:49,277
accountability and our affordability . 

457
00:18:49,740 --> 00:18:51,796
Yeah , as the N . S . C . A . I work 

458
00:18:51,796 --> 00:18:53,407
reveals , I mean , we have a 

459
00:18:53,407 --> 00:18:55,518
generational opportunity here for a I 

460
00:18:55,518 --> 00:18:58,310
to be our future . We must act now . We 

461
00:18:58,310 --> 00:19:00,532
need to start putting these places into 

462
00:19:00,532 --> 00:19:02,930
place now . Um So I want to quickly 

463
00:19:02,930 --> 00:19:04,819
describe our position through two 

464
00:19:04,819 --> 00:19:06,930
different lenses . One is competition 

465
00:19:06,930 --> 00:19:09,097
and the others opportunity uh first of 

466
00:19:09,097 --> 00:19:10,819
all , with with respect to A i 

467
00:19:10,819 --> 00:19:12,763
competition . Uh I think it's it's 

468
00:19:12,763 --> 00:19:14,986
illustrative to talk about the economic 

469
00:19:14,986 --> 00:19:17,152
impact of artificial intelligence as a 

470
00:19:17,152 --> 00:19:19,152
first order . Um economic forecasts 

471
00:19:19,152 --> 00:19:22,900
predict an Ai economy of 16 

472
00:19:22,900 --> 00:19:26,660
trillion a $16 trillion ai economy 

473
00:19:26,740 --> 00:19:29,510
In the next 10 years . And and this 

474
00:19:29,510 --> 00:19:32,260
will this will this could amount to 

475
00:19:32,270 --> 00:19:36,240
massive GDP increases 26 as high 

476
00:19:36,240 --> 00:19:39,210
as 26 for China , as high as 15 for the 

477
00:19:39,210 --> 00:19:43,100
United States . That to be participate 

478
00:19:43,110 --> 00:19:45,450
in this competitive ai marketplace . 

479
00:19:45,840 --> 00:19:49,300
And if we do that , uh this is core , 

480
00:19:49,300 --> 00:19:51,411
this core economic competitiveness of 

481
00:19:51,411 --> 00:19:53,356
the United States then needs to be 

482
00:19:53,356 --> 00:19:55,080
reflected in a core military 

483
00:19:55,090 --> 00:19:57,201
competitiveness in this in this space 

484
00:19:57,201 --> 00:19:59,423
as well . It's important to note that , 

485
00:19:59,423 --> 00:20:01,479
you know , while we talk about a $16 

486
00:20:01,479 --> 00:20:03,423
trillion dollar market in the next 

487
00:20:03,423 --> 00:20:05,570
decade , um this happens to coincide 

488
00:20:05,570 --> 00:20:07,750
pretty closely with china's declared 

489
00:20:07,750 --> 00:20:10,410
and often repeated intent To be 

490
00:20:10,420 --> 00:20:14,410
globally dominant in Ai by 2030 . So we 

491
00:20:14,410 --> 00:20:16,330
look at the transformation of our 

492
00:20:16,330 --> 00:20:19,390
economy has to be accompanied with a 

493
00:20:19,400 --> 00:20:21,622
close attention to the emerging threats 

494
00:20:21,622 --> 00:20:23,456
that are taken that are that are 

495
00:20:23,456 --> 00:20:25,567
declaring their intention to use this 

496
00:20:25,567 --> 00:20:27,830
as a point of competition between 

497
00:20:27,840 --> 00:20:30,370
autocracies and democracies . Our 

498
00:20:30,370 --> 00:20:32,560
forces must operate with tempo with 

499
00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:34,393
data driven decisions with human 

500
00:20:34,393 --> 00:20:36,900
machine teaming , our forces must have 

501
00:20:36,900 --> 00:20:38,900
broad situational awareness , multi 

502
00:20:38,900 --> 00:20:42,810
domain integration . Uh The PRC has a 

503
00:20:42,810 --> 00:20:45,230
robust entrepreneurial ai environment . 

504
00:20:45,240 --> 00:20:47,407
We're all familiar with , you know and 

505
00:20:47,407 --> 00:20:49,629
financial or alibaba . Tencent . I mean 

506
00:20:49,629 --> 00:20:51,629
these are global companies . Um But 

507
00:20:51,629 --> 00:20:53,518
we're also very familiar with the 

508
00:20:53,518 --> 00:20:56,290
artifacts of population surveillance , 

509
00:20:56,300 --> 00:20:58,750
minority oppression . The things that 

510
00:20:58,750 --> 00:21:00,861
the secretary work talked about under 

511
00:21:00,861 --> 00:21:03,660
the chinese communist Party's rule . We 

512
00:21:03,660 --> 00:21:05,660
we read about Beijing's large scale 

513
00:21:05,660 --> 00:21:07,604
campuses , their tech campuses and 

514
00:21:07,604 --> 00:21:09,827
they're they're state owned enterprises 

515
00:21:09,827 --> 00:21:11,382
that create a pipeline from 

516
00:21:11,382 --> 00:21:13,760
entrepreneurs and innovators in china 

517
00:21:13,770 --> 00:21:16,550
to through the civil military fusion . 

518
00:21:16,940 --> 00:21:19,230
Take those capabilities directly into 

519
00:21:19,230 --> 00:21:20,841
the P . L . A . And military 

520
00:21:20,841 --> 00:21:23,140
capabilities without intervening 

521
00:21:23,150 --> 00:21:25,850
accountability or transparency . Um 

522
00:21:26,540 --> 00:21:29,340
They're organizational efficiency that 

523
00:21:29,350 --> 00:21:31,690
that autocratic rule . They count that 

524
00:21:31,690 --> 00:21:34,430
as an advantage Is being applied 

525
00:21:34,430 --> 00:21:36,710
directly to their Ai development and 

526
00:21:36,710 --> 00:21:38,766
they are surging forward in their in 

527
00:21:38,766 --> 00:21:40,988
their in their capability . This has to 

528
00:21:40,988 --> 00:21:43,490
give us pause to contemplate what does , 

529
00:21:43,500 --> 00:21:46,420
what does China's dominance in a I mean 

530
00:21:46,420 --> 00:21:48,950
for us , if they intend that dominance 

531
00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:51,850
by 2030 , what does that imply for us ? 

532
00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:54,551
But we also can look through the lens 

533
00:21:54,551 --> 00:21:56,773
of opportunity . Our best opportunities 

534
00:21:56,773 --> 00:21:58,970
lie in american innovation , academia 

535
00:21:58,970 --> 00:22:01,081
and small companies are brimming with 

536
00:22:01,081 --> 00:22:03,490
good ideas . In the ai space , the 

537
00:22:03,500 --> 00:22:06,090
number of Ai companies is proliferating 

538
00:22:06,090 --> 00:22:08,950
rapidly rapidly . Um We have war 

539
00:22:08,950 --> 00:22:10,783
fighters across the department , 

540
00:22:10,840 --> 00:22:12,562
especially young ones that can 

541
00:22:12,562 --> 00:22:14,580
visualize their use cases in their 

542
00:22:14,580 --> 00:22:16,636
operating environment and the things 

543
00:22:16,636 --> 00:22:18,691
that they need to do from a military 

544
00:22:18,691 --> 00:22:20,802
capability perspective , they're good 

545
00:22:20,802 --> 00:22:23,024
at this . They know how to operate in a 

546
00:22:23,024 --> 00:22:25,080
data driven an app based environment 

547
00:22:25,080 --> 00:22:27,247
because they grew up that way and they 

548
00:22:27,247 --> 00:22:29,191
expect the same from their defense 

549
00:22:29,191 --> 00:22:31,358
systems . We have the best science and 

550
00:22:31,358 --> 00:22:33,880
the best Ai research available uh in 

551
00:22:33,880 --> 00:22:36,102
academia , inside the United States and 

552
00:22:36,102 --> 00:22:37,936
in small companies . And we also 

553
00:22:37,936 --> 00:22:39,991
benefit from the fact that we have a 

554
00:22:39,991 --> 00:22:42,047
tech inversion in place where the Ai 

555
00:22:42,047 --> 00:22:43,991
technology that we need to run our 

556
00:22:43,991 --> 00:22:45,991
department and change our operating 

557
00:22:45,991 --> 00:22:47,936
model exists right literally right 

558
00:22:47,936 --> 00:22:49,936
across the street . And many of the 

559
00:22:49,936 --> 00:22:52,560
companies , the modern ai driven , data 

560
00:22:52,560 --> 00:22:54,727
driven companies that have survived in 

561
00:22:54,727 --> 00:22:56,727
a very competitive market . We have 

562
00:22:56,727 --> 00:22:59,040
lots of good examples to look at . We 

563
00:22:59,040 --> 00:23:01,470
also have a rock solid ethical baseline 

564
00:23:01,500 --> 00:23:03,667
that drives a principled approach that 

565
00:23:03,667 --> 00:23:05,722
drives our test and evaluation , our 

566
00:23:05,722 --> 00:23:08,070
verification or validation , our policy , 

567
00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:10,302
and in the end of the in the end of the 

568
00:23:10,302 --> 00:23:12,910
of the analysis , our trust in our AI 

569
00:23:12,910 --> 00:23:14,966
systems and I welcome your questions 

570
00:23:14,966 --> 00:23:17,021
about that . The good news . We have 

571
00:23:17,021 --> 00:23:18,854
1000 flowers blooming inside the 

572
00:23:18,854 --> 00:23:20,910
department through the initiative of 

573
00:23:20,910 --> 00:23:22,910
the services , the agencies and the 

574
00:23:22,910 --> 00:23:24,854
activities of the department . And 

575
00:23:24,854 --> 00:23:26,854
we're doing better to integrate our 

576
00:23:26,854 --> 00:23:28,743
industry technical expertise with 

577
00:23:28,743 --> 00:23:30,743
warfighting functional expertise so 

578
00:23:30,743 --> 00:23:32,799
that we can actually responsibly and 

579
00:23:32,799 --> 00:23:35,170
responsibly build implement technology 

580
00:23:35,170 --> 00:23:37,500
in the places that matter most . We 

581
00:23:37,500 --> 00:23:39,167
have the opportunity to drive 

582
00:23:39,167 --> 00:23:40,722
productivity , efficiency , 

583
00:23:40,722 --> 00:23:43,000
effectiveness uh , of the department to 

584
00:23:43,000 --> 00:23:45,111
new heights . And uh , the performers 

585
00:23:45,111 --> 00:23:47,167
across the department in the jake in 

586
00:23:47,167 --> 00:23:49,333
the services and other places are very 

587
00:23:49,333 --> 00:23:51,444
excited and count themselves lucky to 

588
00:23:51,444 --> 00:23:54,000
be part of this work . And uh with that 

589
00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:55,889
we very much look forward to your 

590
00:23:55,889 --> 00:23:58,222
questions and appreciate your attention . 

591
00:23:58,240 --> 00:24:00,296
All right , everybody , as we've got 

592
00:24:00,296 --> 00:24:02,462
about 16 or 17 reporters on the line . 

593
00:24:02,462 --> 00:24:04,573
So if we could dash just one question 

594
00:24:04,573 --> 00:24:06,796
at a time and then I promise I will get 

595
00:24:06,796 --> 00:24:08,907
to you for a second if we have time . 

596
00:24:08,907 --> 00:24:10,962
So the first question is going to go 

597
00:24:10,962 --> 00:24:12,629
out to Mr Aaron Greg from the 

598
00:24:12,629 --> 00:24:14,851
Washington Post . Aaron , I know you're 

599
00:24:14,851 --> 00:24:14,490
on the line . I believe you're on the 

600
00:24:14,490 --> 00:24:17,320
line . Go ahead . Thank you guys for 

601
00:24:17,320 --> 00:24:20,030
doing this . Um how does the enterprise 

602
00:24:20,030 --> 00:24:22,330
cloud strategy play into all of this ? 

603
00:24:22,340 --> 00:24:25,020
Um Is this hodgepodge that you're 

604
00:24:25,020 --> 00:24:27,076
currently working with , working for 

605
00:24:27,076 --> 00:24:29,020
the department ? And what does the 

606
00:24:29,020 --> 00:24:30,909
strategy look like under this new 

607
00:24:30,909 --> 00:24:34,060
administration and the new sect of ? So , 

608
00:24:34,060 --> 00:24:37,460
so I'll take that one first . Um So so 

609
00:24:37,460 --> 00:24:39,627
what we have today , you're right , we 

610
00:24:39,627 --> 00:24:41,516
have development environments and 

611
00:24:41,516 --> 00:24:43,682
pretty mature development environments 

612
00:24:43,682 --> 00:24:45,793
in each of the services , some of the 

613
00:24:45,793 --> 00:24:47,738
services have multiple development 

614
00:24:47,738 --> 00:24:49,960
environments . And so one of the things 

615
00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:52,430
that we that we have to look at is um 

616
00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:55,550
you know , what degree of resilience do 

617
00:24:55,550 --> 00:24:57,383
we gain from having multiple deV 

618
00:24:57,383 --> 00:25:00,540
environments , but also what advantages 

619
00:25:00,540 --> 00:25:02,484
do we gain by , by stitching those 

620
00:25:02,484 --> 00:25:04,540
development environment environments 

621
00:25:04,540 --> 00:25:06,762
together into a into a fabric . So that 

622
00:25:06,762 --> 00:25:08,818
is our intent and that is what we're 

623
00:25:08,818 --> 00:25:11,040
looking for now , mapping that out . So 

624
00:25:11,040 --> 00:25:13,096
what you know , what we need is is a 

625
00:25:13,096 --> 00:25:15,096
network of development environments 

626
00:25:15,096 --> 00:25:17,030
that shares through containerized 

627
00:25:17,030 --> 00:25:19,500
process shares , you know , authority 

628
00:25:19,500 --> 00:25:21,540
to operate on networks that shares 

629
00:25:21,540 --> 00:25:24,030
access to data sources that shares 

630
00:25:24,030 --> 00:25:26,180
algorithms and that shares even 

631
00:25:26,180 --> 00:25:28,291
developmental tools and developmental 

632
00:25:28,291 --> 00:25:30,236
environments . And so this is what 

633
00:25:30,236 --> 00:25:32,458
we're trying to construct today so that 

634
00:25:32,458 --> 00:25:33,958
we can broaden the base of 

635
00:25:33,958 --> 00:25:36,180
developmental work . But on top of that 

636
00:25:36,180 --> 00:25:37,902
we need an operating layer and 

637
00:25:37,902 --> 00:25:40,124
operating network . And this is kind of 

638
00:25:40,124 --> 00:25:42,347
the next step because if you take those 

639
00:25:42,347 --> 00:25:44,347
developmental algorithms and you're 

640
00:25:44,347 --> 00:25:46,513
going to employ them in a steady state 

641
00:25:46,513 --> 00:25:48,680
basis , in a combatant command and war 

642
00:25:48,680 --> 00:25:50,847
fighting situation wherever , then you 

643
00:25:50,847 --> 00:25:52,958
need a network of operating platforms 

644
00:25:52,958 --> 00:25:55,180
that you can do the same thing . And so 

645
00:25:55,180 --> 00:25:57,236
this is the next step . As we evolve 

646
00:25:57,236 --> 00:25:59,458
developmental platforms into a fabric . 

647
00:25:59,458 --> 00:26:01,402
We move that up to the operational 

648
00:26:01,402 --> 00:26:03,458
level and integrate service networks 

649
00:26:03,458 --> 00:26:07,230
into into into a global network . This 

650
00:26:07,230 --> 00:26:09,230
will give us the capability to have 

651
00:26:09,230 --> 00:26:11,420
global situational awareness and then 

652
00:26:11,420 --> 00:26:13,142
to achieve the goals of what's 

653
00:26:13,142 --> 00:26:15,476
described in jsc to which is , you know , 

654
00:26:15,476 --> 00:26:17,642
any sensor , any shooter or any sensor 

655
00:26:17,642 --> 00:26:19,830
in any decision maker . Uh we're gonna 

656
00:26:19,830 --> 00:26:21,940
build that network , the data stores 

657
00:26:21,940 --> 00:26:23,773
and the processes that make that 

658
00:26:23,773 --> 00:26:25,940
possible . We're going to do that as a 

659
00:26:25,940 --> 00:26:27,996
team across the department , but the 

660
00:26:27,996 --> 00:26:29,884
jake hopes to help coordinate the 

661
00:26:29,884 --> 00:26:32,570
alliance that brings that together . I 

662
00:26:32,570 --> 00:26:36,030
can't add to that . Okay , we'll go to 

663
00:26:36,030 --> 00:26:38,600
the next question sir . Go ahead . I'm 

664
00:26:38,600 --> 00:26:40,656
living Martinez with abc news . Um , 

665
00:26:40,656 --> 00:26:42,933
it's a question for both of you please . 

666
00:26:42,933 --> 00:26:46,190
Um General um Secretary work talked 

667
00:26:46,190 --> 00:26:49,200
about how china is way ahead on this . 

668
00:26:49,210 --> 00:26:52,540
Um , in terms of what you just spoke 

669
00:26:52,550 --> 00:26:55,990
about worldwide awareness , china right 

670
00:26:55,990 --> 00:26:58,157
now is really still more of a regional 

671
00:26:58,157 --> 00:27:00,820
player trying to become a worldwide 

672
00:27:00,830 --> 00:27:04,620
player . Um Does a I make that leap for 

673
00:27:04,620 --> 00:27:07,100
them or is the Ai advantage that they 

674
00:27:07,100 --> 00:27:09,990
have still strictly only regional and 

675
00:27:09,990 --> 00:27:12,120
Mr work if I could ask you about ? I 

676
00:27:12,120 --> 00:27:14,342
think the final report talked about the 

677
00:27:14,342 --> 00:27:16,810
importance of the human element in A . 

678
00:27:16,810 --> 00:27:19,090
I can you talk about that especially as 

679
00:27:19,100 --> 00:27:21,100
some people may have concerns about 

680
00:27:21,100 --> 00:27:22,933
since we're here at the pentagon 

681
00:27:22,933 --> 00:27:24,933
talking about how AI relates to the 

682
00:27:24,933 --> 00:27:27,340
weaponization of that technology . Yeah , 

683
00:27:28,540 --> 00:27:31,380
so thank you for the question . The the 

684
00:27:31,390 --> 00:27:33,446
uh I think it's important to kind of 

685
00:27:33,446 --> 00:27:35,557
pay attention to what china and their 

686
00:27:35,557 --> 00:27:37,779
relationship with AI and the technology 

687
00:27:37,779 --> 00:27:39,779
is you know for example the chinese 

688
00:27:39,779 --> 00:27:42,910
export autonomous systems to nations 

689
00:27:42,920 --> 00:27:44,976
around the world in you know in some 

690
00:27:44,976 --> 00:27:47,810
places that that have some pretty some 

691
00:27:47,810 --> 00:27:50,170
pretty ugly conflicts that are underway . 

692
00:27:50,440 --> 00:27:52,390
Um and you know , lots of human 

693
00:27:52,390 --> 00:27:55,560
suffering and uh not a lot of world 

694
00:27:55,560 --> 00:27:57,671
attention in some cases . But so here 

695
00:27:57,671 --> 00:27:59,504
you are you have a nation that's 

696
00:27:59,504 --> 00:28:01,616
proliferating autonomous systems with 

697
00:28:01,616 --> 00:28:03,450
no ethical baseline , no sets of 

698
00:28:03,450 --> 00:28:06,380
controls , no transparency into those 

699
00:28:06,380 --> 00:28:10,130
very dangerous small brush fire wars 

700
00:28:10,130 --> 00:28:11,963
that are going on in in a lot of 

701
00:28:11,963 --> 00:28:13,463
different places . So that 

702
00:28:13,463 --> 00:28:15,186
proliferation of technology is 

703
00:28:15,186 --> 00:28:17,408
something that we need to pay attention 

704
00:28:17,408 --> 00:28:19,519
to . Similarly , if you look at , you 

705
00:28:19,519 --> 00:28:18,740
know , for example , just you know , 

706
00:28:18,750 --> 00:28:21,170
right now chinese ships under way , you 

707
00:28:21,170 --> 00:28:23,337
know , you know , moving moving east , 

708
00:28:23,337 --> 00:28:25,700
you know to you know , as a as a as a 

709
00:28:25,710 --> 00:28:28,370
as a demonstration capability shows you 

710
00:28:28,370 --> 00:28:30,037
their willingness to push the 

711
00:28:30,037 --> 00:28:31,926
boundaries , you know , and to be 

712
00:28:31,926 --> 00:28:33,759
considered something more than a 

713
00:28:33,759 --> 00:28:35,648
regional power . So that ambition 

714
00:28:35,648 --> 00:28:37,537
drives I think is linked to their 

715
00:28:37,537 --> 00:28:39,880
technological ambition of AI dominance . 

716
00:28:39,880 --> 00:28:42,570
And so we have to look at If these are 

717
00:28:42,580 --> 00:28:44,580
if these things are coupled today , 

718
00:28:44,580 --> 00:28:46,636
what does that hold for the future ? 

719
00:28:46,636 --> 00:28:49,340
You know , in 25 2025 or 2030 , we have 

720
00:28:49,340 --> 00:28:51,507
to be prepared for that and we have to 

721
00:28:51,507 --> 00:28:54,610
be as agile and as competitive in this 

722
00:28:54,610 --> 00:28:56,960
space as the Chinese intend to be . 

723
00:28:58,040 --> 00:29:00,262
It's a great question . I would like to 

724
00:29:00,940 --> 00:29:04,840
clarify if something I said , we do 

725
00:29:04,840 --> 00:29:07,900
not believe china is ahead right now in 

726
00:29:07,910 --> 00:29:10,230
a I the way we went about it as a 

727
00:29:10,230 --> 00:29:13,290
commission as we said , look a i is not 

728
00:29:13,290 --> 00:29:15,550
a single technology , it is a bundle of 

729
00:29:15,550 --> 00:29:18,230
technologies and we refer to it as the 

730
00:29:18,230 --> 00:29:21,350
Ai stack and the Ai stack has 

731
00:29:21,740 --> 00:29:23,851
talent , the people that are going to 

732
00:29:23,851 --> 00:29:26,980
use this has data , has the hardware 

733
00:29:26,980 --> 00:29:29,330
that actually runs the algorithms , 

734
00:29:29,740 --> 00:29:32,110
algorithms , applications and 

735
00:29:32,120 --> 00:29:34,640
integration . And so what we tried to 

736
00:29:34,640 --> 00:29:36,696
do is we look at each of the six and 

737
00:29:36,696 --> 00:29:38,529
said , where does the US have an 

738
00:29:38,529 --> 00:29:40,640
advantage ? And where does china have 

739
00:29:40,640 --> 00:29:42,751
an advantage ? We believe the U . S . 

740
00:29:42,751 --> 00:29:44,862
Has an advantage and talent right now 

741
00:29:44,862 --> 00:29:46,918
we definitely are the global kind of 

742
00:29:46,918 --> 00:29:49,750
magnet for best talent . There's a lot 

743
00:29:49,750 --> 00:29:51,972
of things changing in that . And unless 

744
00:29:51,972 --> 00:29:53,861
we're smart about our immigration 

745
00:29:53,861 --> 00:29:55,917
policies , et cetera , we could lose 

746
00:29:55,917 --> 00:29:58,450
that . But right now we judge that we 

747
00:29:58,460 --> 00:30:01,800
have better talent . Second , we know 

748
00:30:01,800 --> 00:30:03,967
we have an advantage in hardware , the 

749
00:30:03,967 --> 00:30:06,220
United States and the West most Mueller 

750
00:30:06,220 --> 00:30:08,750
broadly . And we think we have an 

751
00:30:08,750 --> 00:30:11,210
advantage in our algorithms . Although 

752
00:30:11,210 --> 00:30:13,321
the Chinese are really pushing hard . 

753
00:30:13,321 --> 00:30:15,488
We think that they could catch up with 

754
00:30:15,488 --> 00:30:18,120
us within 5 to 10 years now they have 

755
00:30:18,120 --> 00:30:21,800
an advantage in our view , uh in data , 

756
00:30:21,810 --> 00:30:23,977
they have a lot of data and they don't 

757
00:30:23,977 --> 00:30:27,250
have the restrictions on privacy 

758
00:30:27,250 --> 00:30:30,650
etcetera that we do . They have an 

759
00:30:30,650 --> 00:30:33,250
advantage in applications . They're 

760
00:30:33,250 --> 00:30:35,600
very good at that . And we think they 

761
00:30:35,600 --> 00:30:37,390
have an apple to an advantage 

762
00:30:37,400 --> 00:30:39,370
integration because they have a 

763
00:30:39,370 --> 00:30:43,200
coherent strategy to get all of the Ai 

764
00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:45,920
stack together to give them a national 

765
00:30:45,930 --> 00:30:49,350
advantage . Now . We judge because 

766
00:30:49,360 --> 00:30:53,350
talent hardware and algorithms are so 

767
00:30:53,350 --> 00:30:56,320
central and important to the stack . We 

768
00:30:56,320 --> 00:30:58,431
judge that the United States actually 

769
00:30:58,431 --> 00:31:01,270
is ahead of china in A . I 

770
00:31:01,840 --> 00:31:04,970
technology is more broadly but what 

771
00:31:04,970 --> 00:31:08,590
we're saying is the chinese are far 

772
00:31:08,590 --> 00:31:11,590
more organized for a competition and 

773
00:31:11,590 --> 00:31:14,270
have a strategy to win the competition 

774
00:31:14,840 --> 00:31:17,770
and are putting in a lot of resources . 

775
00:31:18,440 --> 00:31:21,460
So as lieutenant General grown said 

776
00:31:21,470 --> 00:31:23,910
they want to be the world leader in A I 

777
00:31:23,910 --> 00:31:27,250
technology by 2030 . As soon as they 

778
00:31:27,250 --> 00:31:28,972
say that that means to me they 

779
00:31:28,972 --> 00:31:31,083
recognize that they are not the world 

780
00:31:31,083 --> 00:31:33,250
ai leader now And it's gonna take them 

781
00:31:33,250 --> 00:31:35,472
about 10 years , they think eight years 

782
00:31:35,472 --> 00:31:39,050
or so uh to surpass the United States . 

783
00:31:39,440 --> 00:31:41,607
That's why we say look we better be in 

784
00:31:41,607 --> 00:31:44,640
this competition full on by 2025 . If 

785
00:31:44,640 --> 00:31:47,640
we don't then we run the risk of them 

786
00:31:47,650 --> 00:31:49,710
surpassing us . So I just wanted to 

787
00:31:49,710 --> 00:31:51,710
clarify that , I wasn't saying that 

788
00:31:51,710 --> 00:31:54,860
china is ahead of us in a . I . Uh The 

789
00:31:54,860 --> 00:31:57,770
second thing part of your question is 

790
00:31:58,640 --> 00:32:00,807
all you got to do is look at what they 

791
00:32:00,807 --> 00:32:03,560
did with Huawei to say the way they 

792
00:32:03,560 --> 00:32:06,670
think about becoming a global power is 

793
00:32:06,670 --> 00:32:09,990
not by invading countries . It is 

794
00:32:09,990 --> 00:32:12,300
putting out a I . Platform , excuse me . 

795
00:32:12,300 --> 00:32:15,270
Technology platforms that allow their 

796
00:32:15,280 --> 00:32:18,760
values to proliferate around the 

797
00:32:18,760 --> 00:32:20,871
world . And that's what happened with 

798
00:32:20,871 --> 00:32:23,560
Huawei um And the other place they're 

799
00:32:23,560 --> 00:32:25,910
going really hog wild on our global 

800
00:32:25,910 --> 00:32:28,710
standard setting , which is kind of the 

801
00:32:28,710 --> 00:32:31,190
U . S . That's in our wheelhouse . 

802
00:32:31,190 --> 00:32:33,357
We've been doing that since the end of 

803
00:32:33,357 --> 00:32:35,357
World War two . And the chinese are 

804
00:32:35,357 --> 00:32:37,670
actually coordinating with the Russians 

805
00:32:38,140 --> 00:32:41,270
to set global standards in ai that 

806
00:32:41,270 --> 00:32:44,170
prefer their type of technology . 

807
00:32:44,640 --> 00:32:47,550
So without question , I agree with uh 

808
00:32:47,560 --> 00:32:49,560
with lieutenant general groan , the 

809
00:32:49,560 --> 00:32:51,800
chinese have ambitions to be a global 

810
00:32:51,800 --> 00:32:55,090
power . They say by 2050 actually 2049 

811
00:32:55,090 --> 00:32:57,360
is the 100 year anniversary . They want 

812
00:32:57,360 --> 00:32:59,690
to be have the largest economy in the 

813
00:32:59,690 --> 00:33:02,530
world and they want to be the foremost 

814
00:33:02,530 --> 00:33:05,450
military power in the world . Um That's 

815
00:33:05,450 --> 00:33:07,450
not a future that the United States 

816
00:33:07,450 --> 00:33:09,561
should say . Yeah let's just let that 

817
00:33:09,561 --> 00:33:12,160
happen , let's compete because we want 

818
00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:15,460
to be the world's foremost uh 

819
00:33:15,840 --> 00:33:18,560
military power and we want to be the 

820
00:33:18,560 --> 00:33:22,010
most dynamic innovative economy in the 

821
00:33:22,010 --> 00:33:25,490
world . So the chinese definitely 

822
00:33:25,490 --> 00:33:28,040
have global ambitions . They are 

823
00:33:28,040 --> 00:33:30,630
regional power now , but they're really 

824
00:33:30,630 --> 00:33:32,720
starting to move more broadly on the 

825
00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:36,410
world stage . Next question 

826
00:33:36,420 --> 00:33:38,587
goes to Sydney Freedberg from breaking 

827
00:33:38,587 --> 00:33:41,960
defense . Go ahead . Hi , thank you 

828
00:33:41,960 --> 00:33:43,738
very much for doing us . Sydney 

829
00:33:43,738 --> 00:33:45,904
Freedberg . Breaking defense here . Uh 

830
00:33:45,904 --> 00:33:48,071
let me let me ask a question perfectly 

831
00:33:48,071 --> 00:33:50,182
for general grown uh , of the various 

832
00:33:50,182 --> 00:33:52,460
recommendations in the Commission final 

833
00:33:52,460 --> 00:33:56,440
report , which ones is A D O D . Uh 

834
00:33:56,450 --> 00:33:58,630
contemplating which ones are actually 

835
00:33:58,640 --> 00:34:00,584
concurred with that . You guys are 

836
00:34:00,584 --> 00:34:03,880
going to try to put forward uh by by 

837
00:34:03,880 --> 00:34:05,936
yourselves or by asking Congress for 

838
00:34:05,936 --> 00:34:08,102
legislation and which ones do you guys 

839
00:34:08,102 --> 00:34:10,470
actually not concur with the things , 

840
00:34:10,470 --> 00:34:12,740
you know , the fair conditions like the 

841
00:34:12,750 --> 00:34:15,610
steering committee , like uh setting 

842
00:34:15,610 --> 00:34:17,900
the various targets uh like , you know , 

843
00:34:17,900 --> 00:34:20,122
coming up with a strategy antics and so 

844
00:34:20,122 --> 00:34:22,011
forth . Uh Can you go through the 

845
00:34:22,011 --> 00:34:23,956
checklist of things the commission 

846
00:34:23,956 --> 00:34:26,690
wants to do ? That you guys are green 

847
00:34:26,690 --> 00:34:28,746
light , yellow light or red light on 

848
00:34:28,746 --> 00:34:31,360
proceeding with ? Yeah . Great question . 

849
00:34:31,360 --> 00:34:34,010
Sydney , Good morning . Um so , so 

850
00:34:34,020 --> 00:34:36,131
really , really good question . Now , 

851
00:34:36,131 --> 00:34:38,242
the NsC AI report , if you look at it 

852
00:34:38,242 --> 00:34:41,060
in its full breath addresses a lot of 

853
00:34:41,060 --> 00:34:43,282
the recommendations are at the national 

854
00:34:43,282 --> 00:34:45,449
level , a place where defense may play 

855
00:34:45,449 --> 00:34:48,350
a part defense might not lead . Uh 

856
00:34:48,360 --> 00:34:50,630
There are there is a subset Of 

857
00:34:50,640 --> 00:34:53,590
recommendations on the order of 40 that 

858
00:34:53,590 --> 00:34:55,646
that that we that we've taken a hard 

859
00:34:55,646 --> 00:34:57,600
look at that , that our military 

860
00:34:57,600 --> 00:34:59,880
specific and that that really by all 

861
00:34:59,880 --> 00:35:01,936
rights defence would lead . So as we 

862
00:35:01,936 --> 00:35:04,158
look at that list , or I'm sorry , it's 

863
00:35:04,158 --> 00:35:06,158
closer to 100 recommendations as we 

864
00:35:06,158 --> 00:35:08,940
look at that list . Um a good number of 

865
00:35:08,940 --> 00:35:10,829
them . About about half , maybe a 

866
00:35:10,829 --> 00:35:12,996
little bit more . We're already moving 

867
00:35:12,996 --> 00:35:15,162
out on to a significant degree . So in 

868
00:35:15,162 --> 00:35:17,273
those cases it's really just a matter 

869
00:35:17,273 --> 00:35:19,551
for us of taking a look at the N S C A . 

870
00:35:19,551 --> 00:35:21,690
I reckon recommendations in detail to 

871
00:35:21,690 --> 00:35:23,690
make sure that we've considered the 

872
00:35:23,690 --> 00:35:25,857
full scope of what might appear in one 

873
00:35:25,857 --> 00:35:27,968
of those recommendations and then see 

874
00:35:27,968 --> 00:35:30,079
if what we're doing today aligns with 

875
00:35:30,079 --> 00:35:32,190
those . So that's that's that's , you 

876
00:35:32,190 --> 00:35:34,301
know , kind of one large subset which 

877
00:35:34,301 --> 00:35:36,523
is which is the majority . Then there's 

878
00:35:36,523 --> 00:35:38,523
another set of recommendations that 

879
00:35:38,523 --> 00:35:40,579
that we've looked at , but we really 

880
00:35:40,579 --> 00:35:42,746
don't have a plan for yet . You know , 

881
00:35:42,746 --> 00:35:44,801
we recognize that it's a problem but 

882
00:35:44,801 --> 00:35:44,430
we're not quite ready to move out in 

883
00:35:44,430 --> 00:35:46,263
that direction , just because of 

884
00:35:46,263 --> 00:35:48,208
limited bandwidth here . So that's 

885
00:35:48,208 --> 00:35:50,319
that's another subset that that we're 

886
00:35:50,319 --> 00:35:52,430
looking at . And then there's a third 

887
00:35:52,430 --> 00:35:54,597
subset that , you know , those that we 

888
00:35:54,597 --> 00:35:56,819
really have to look hard at . There are 

889
00:35:56,819 --> 00:35:58,819
things that we hadn't thought about 

890
00:35:58,819 --> 00:35:58,280
before , and we really need to kind of 

891
00:35:58,280 --> 00:36:00,502
pull the strings on the implications of 

892
00:36:00,502 --> 00:36:02,558
those . So there's that third subset 

893
00:36:02,558 --> 00:36:04,780
when you when you talk about which ones 

894
00:36:04,780 --> 00:36:06,891
we agree with or don't agree with , I 

895
00:36:06,891 --> 00:36:09,058
can't think of any that we don't agree 

896
00:36:09,058 --> 00:36:10,836
with . The things that are most 

897
00:36:10,836 --> 00:36:13,058
pressing that most closely aligned with 

898
00:36:13,058 --> 00:36:15,340
what we're doing today are these ideas , 

899
00:36:15,340 --> 00:36:18,180
the ideas associated with starting to 

900
00:36:18,180 --> 00:36:22,030
create uh enterprise of capabilities ? 

901
00:36:22,040 --> 00:36:25,150
Um all of the recommendations about the 

902
00:36:25,160 --> 00:36:28,010
ethical foundations , We are all about 

903
00:36:28,020 --> 00:36:30,530
fleshing out our ethical foundations 

904
00:36:30,540 --> 00:36:32,762
and really really integrating that into 

905
00:36:32,762 --> 00:36:34,920
every aspect of our process . The 

906
00:36:34,920 --> 00:36:38,360
recommendations about organizing uh you 

907
00:36:38,360 --> 00:36:40,471
know , with with defense priorities , 

908
00:36:40,471 --> 00:36:42,638
um you know , that will be the subject 

909
00:36:42,638 --> 00:36:44,582
of the department . So we as an Ai 

910
00:36:44,582 --> 00:36:46,693
community can advocate but that's the 

911
00:36:46,693 --> 00:36:48,693
department process that will decide 

912
00:36:48,693 --> 00:36:50,749
what the priorities are . And so and 

913
00:36:50,749 --> 00:36:52,471
we'll adhere to whatever those 

914
00:36:52,471 --> 00:36:53,971
priorities articulated the 

915
00:36:53,971 --> 00:36:55,693
recommendation about workforce 

916
00:36:55,693 --> 00:36:57,360
development and the family of 

917
00:36:57,360 --> 00:36:59,138
recommendations about workforce 

918
00:36:59,138 --> 00:37:01,360
development . We could not agree more . 

919
00:37:01,360 --> 00:37:03,638
So how do we , how do we go ? You know , 

920
00:37:03,638 --> 00:37:05,638
have a full range of train training 

921
00:37:05,638 --> 00:37:07,860
environment or an education environment 

922
00:37:07,860 --> 00:37:09,916
that includes , you know , just like 

923
00:37:09,916 --> 00:37:09,750
short short duration tactical training 

924
00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:11,861
for example for you know a code or to 

925
00:37:11,861 --> 00:37:14,480
get on a platform all the way to 

926
00:37:14,490 --> 00:37:16,980
building service academies are building 

927
00:37:16,990 --> 00:37:18,934
ROTC scholarships and that sort of 

928
00:37:18,934 --> 00:37:21,760
thing . So so across the department , 

929
00:37:21,800 --> 00:37:23,911
as some of these recommendations with 

930
00:37:23,911 --> 00:37:26,860
large scale and large scope , it starts 

931
00:37:26,860 --> 00:37:29,027
to uh you know supersede what just the 

932
00:37:29,027 --> 00:37:31,082
Ai community and the department does 

933
00:37:31,082 --> 00:37:33,060
too . So we work closely with the 

934
00:37:33,060 --> 00:37:35,171
research and Engineering department , 

935
00:37:35,171 --> 00:37:38,570
We work closely with the personnel and 

936
00:37:38,570 --> 00:37:40,237
readiness and the acquisition 

937
00:37:40,237 --> 00:37:42,170
sustainment to start to form the 

938
00:37:42,170 --> 00:37:45,470
coalitions to to get after the problems 

939
00:37:45,470 --> 00:37:47,850
that that that that that are underneath 

940
00:37:47,850 --> 00:37:50,072
those recommendations to make sure that 

941
00:37:50,072 --> 00:37:52,017
we understand them and that we are 

942
00:37:52,017 --> 00:37:54,380
actually moving towards this this new 

943
00:37:54,390 --> 00:37:57,120
uh operational model for how we are 

944
00:37:57,120 --> 00:37:59,240
going to operate as a department . 

945
00:38:00,020 --> 00:38:02,242
Thank you . Sydney Sydney , I guess the 

946
00:38:02,242 --> 00:38:04,131
way I would answer this , I can't 

947
00:38:04,131 --> 00:38:05,964
really add too much more to what 

948
00:38:05,964 --> 00:38:08,810
Lieutenant general grown said is just a 

949
00:38:08,810 --> 00:38:10,866
little while ago , Secretary Defense 

950
00:38:10,866 --> 00:38:13,460
Mark esper said AI is the number one 

951
00:38:13,460 --> 00:38:15,980
priority for me as a secretary Defense . 

952
00:38:15,990 --> 00:38:18,890
And he went on to say the competitor 

953
00:38:18,890 --> 00:38:21,780
that really wins in the AI competition 

954
00:38:21,790 --> 00:38:24,060
will have a battlefield advantage for 

955
00:38:24,060 --> 00:38:27,750
decades now , if you believe that , 

956
00:38:28,220 --> 00:38:30,400
and I certainly do and I believe the 

957
00:38:30,400 --> 00:38:32,233
commission not to think that's a 

958
00:38:32,233 --> 00:38:34,380
unanimous consensus . If you really 

959
00:38:34,380 --> 00:38:37,140
believe that you can't keep doing what 

960
00:38:37,140 --> 00:38:39,307
we're doing now . I mean , the Defense 

961
00:38:39,307 --> 00:38:41,720
Science board said in 2014 , the one 

962
00:38:41,720 --> 00:38:44,000
thing you gotta get right is A I and A 

963
00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:46,260
I . Enabled autonomy . So here we are , 

964
00:38:46,260 --> 00:38:48,950
seven years later we're saying okay , 

965
00:38:49,420 --> 00:38:52,710
if we really believe That Ai is going 

966
00:38:52,710 --> 00:38:54,932
to give a competitor an advantage for a 

967
00:38:54,932 --> 00:38:56,877
decade , are we satisfied with the 

968
00:38:56,877 --> 00:38:59,240
progress that has happened since 2014 ? 

969
00:39:00,320 --> 00:39:02,800
And if the answer is no , then you have 

970
00:39:02,800 --> 00:39:04,689
to say , then we've got to change 

971
00:39:04,689 --> 00:39:06,744
things up . And of course people are 

972
00:39:06,744 --> 00:39:08,800
gonna say , hey , why would you make 

973
00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:11,133
the undersecretary of defense for Arnie , 

974
00:39:11,133 --> 00:39:13,840
the co chair and the chief science 

975
00:39:13,840 --> 00:39:16,330
officer of the J . Rock , J Rock works 

976
00:39:16,330 --> 00:39:19,210
Perfect . Well does every single 

977
00:39:19,210 --> 00:39:21,990
program have a plug in it for A . I . 

978
00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:24,430
And being able to receive data for 

979
00:39:24,430 --> 00:39:26,970
machine learning chips ? Does it have 

980
00:39:26,970 --> 00:39:29,320
the ports to allow them to pass on 

981
00:39:29,330 --> 00:39:31,390
information ? If the answer is no , 

982
00:39:31,390 --> 00:39:33,630
we're not doing good enough . I think 

983
00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:35,807
Lieutenant General Excuse me . General 

984
00:39:35,807 --> 00:39:38,029
Heighten the vice chair . Vice chairman 

985
00:39:38,029 --> 00:39:40,140
has said this very clearly . He's not 

986
00:39:40,140 --> 00:39:42,251
satisfied with the way that J Rock is 

987
00:39:42,251 --> 00:39:44,473
functioning and he wants to change it . 

988
00:39:44,473 --> 00:39:46,640
So it really pushes these more broader 

989
00:39:46,640 --> 00:39:49,260
joint system of system things that uh 

990
00:39:49,270 --> 00:39:51,381
look , Lieutenant General growing was 

991
00:39:51,381 --> 00:39:52,830
talking about so from the 

992
00:39:52,840 --> 00:39:56,140
commissioner's point of view , look uh 

993
00:39:57,420 --> 00:39:59,820
right now we do not believe we are 

994
00:39:59,820 --> 00:40:03,240
moving as fast as we should . And if 

995
00:40:04,010 --> 00:40:06,440
the department agrees with that general 

996
00:40:06,440 --> 00:40:08,551
assessment , then they need to change 

997
00:40:08,551 --> 00:40:12,140
things . Mhm . Go ahead . 

998
00:40:13,110 --> 00:40:15,054
Thank you for taking my question , 

999
00:40:15,054 --> 00:40:17,250
Christina Anderson . A WPS News . Um I 

1000
00:40:17,250 --> 00:40:19,430
wonder if you could speak to getting 

1001
00:40:19,430 --> 00:40:21,486
the data , the security , the secure 

1002
00:40:21,486 --> 00:40:23,770
data fabric . Right ? And then taking 

1003
00:40:23,770 --> 00:40:27,110
that up a notch to kind of the global a 

1004
00:40:27,120 --> 00:40:30,960
structure of ai how can you think about 

1005
00:40:30,970 --> 00:40:33,540
building this structure so that 

1006
00:40:33,550 --> 00:40:35,494
security is one of the fundamental 

1007
00:40:35,494 --> 00:40:37,550
elements of that . That's one of the 

1008
00:40:37,550 --> 00:40:39,717
criticisms of the internet right now . 

1009
00:40:39,717 --> 00:40:41,272
Is that when it was built , 

1010
00:40:41,272 --> 00:40:43,494
notwithstanding the tremendous benefits 

1011
00:40:43,494 --> 00:40:45,661
that we have that it has was not built 

1012
00:40:45,661 --> 00:40:48,200
with security in mind . Yeah . Thanks , 

1013
00:40:48,200 --> 00:40:50,367
Christina . That's that's an excellent 

1014
00:40:50,367 --> 00:40:52,256
question . And to me , that's the 

1015
00:40:52,256 --> 00:40:54,533
operative question , because I I think , 

1016
00:40:54,533 --> 00:40:53,760
you know , there's a there's a there's 

1017
00:40:53,760 --> 00:40:56,660
a good alignment as we talk about , you 

1018
00:40:56,660 --> 00:40:58,827
know , the operational effects that we 

1019
00:40:58,827 --> 00:41:00,549
want to achieve . There's good 

1020
00:41:00,549 --> 00:41:02,660
alignment when we talk about building 

1021
00:41:02,660 --> 00:41:04,771
platforms and how we , you know , how 

1022
00:41:04,771 --> 00:41:06,993
we're going to integrate data and share 

1023
00:41:06,993 --> 00:41:09,216
data . The very first question we start 

1024
00:41:09,216 --> 00:41:11,271
to ask at that point is , okay , How 

1025
00:41:11,271 --> 00:41:13,493
are we going to secure this ? How do we 

1026
00:41:13,493 --> 00:41:15,660
secure this environment ? And so we we 

1027
00:41:15,660 --> 00:41:17,604
have a full court press on . So of 

1028
00:41:17,604 --> 00:41:19,549
course we have , you know , native 

1029
00:41:19,549 --> 00:41:21,716
cloud security , you know , additional 

1030
00:41:21,716 --> 00:41:21,650
security that that that that we've 

1031
00:41:21,660 --> 00:41:23,660
we've been able to add , you know , 

1032
00:41:23,660 --> 00:41:25,771
we've got lots of , you know , uh you 

1033
00:41:25,771 --> 00:41:27,604
know , cybersecurity specialists 

1034
00:41:27,604 --> 00:41:29,716
helping us look at this problem set , 

1035
00:41:29,716 --> 00:41:31,882
but more importantly , uh we're trying 

1036
00:41:31,882 --> 00:41:33,993
to keep an eye on the entire research 

1037
00:41:33,993 --> 00:41:36,216
and development ecosystem . So not just 

1038
00:41:36,216 --> 00:41:38,438
from a cyber security perspective , but 

1039
00:41:38,438 --> 00:41:40,604
how do we deal with adversarial ai for 

1040
00:41:40,604 --> 00:41:42,271
example , how do we deal with 

1041
00:41:42,271 --> 00:41:44,610
purposeful intent to intervene or to 

1042
00:41:44,620 --> 00:41:46,787
interfere with our algorithms or spoof 

1043
00:41:46,787 --> 00:41:49,009
our algorithms ? So this is a very this 

1044
00:41:49,009 --> 00:41:50,898
is probably , I would say this is 

1045
00:41:50,898 --> 00:41:53,270
certainly the top priority and probably 

1046
00:41:53,270 --> 00:41:55,270
our largest effort right now from a 

1047
00:41:55,270 --> 00:41:57,492
research and development perspective is 

1048
00:41:57,492 --> 00:41:59,548
how do we make sure that as we build 

1049
00:41:59,548 --> 00:42:01,437
this out , we squeeze out all the 

1050
00:42:01,437 --> 00:42:03,670
vulnerabilities that we can we will 

1051
00:42:03,670 --> 00:42:05,781
never have a perfect system . We will 

1052
00:42:05,781 --> 00:42:07,948
never have a perfect internet , but we 

1053
00:42:07,948 --> 00:42:09,892
need to protect it . Like we would 

1054
00:42:09,892 --> 00:42:12,114
protect any weapons system or any other 

1055
00:42:12,114 --> 00:42:14,114
critical note . Thank you . Central 

1056
00:42:14,114 --> 00:42:17,020
question . Uh Christina . Um 

1057
00:42:19,800 --> 00:42:21,744
as a lieutenant general grown said 

1058
00:42:21,744 --> 00:42:23,580
we're moving into an era of ai 

1059
00:42:23,580 --> 00:42:27,470
competition and poisoning data is a 

1060
00:42:27,470 --> 00:42:30,110
way to gain an advantage . We have to 

1061
00:42:30,110 --> 00:42:32,840
be able to guard against that . We need 

1062
00:42:32,840 --> 00:42:35,300
to read team the heck out of our 

1063
00:42:35,300 --> 00:42:37,490
databases . I need to have people 

1064
00:42:37,490 --> 00:42:39,910
trying to break into the database and 

1065
00:42:39,910 --> 00:42:43,900
poison data often so that we 

1066
00:42:43,900 --> 00:42:46,010
can identify vulnerabilities and fix 

1067
00:42:46,010 --> 00:42:48,940
them . We have to have means by which 

1068
00:42:48,940 --> 00:42:52,010
to check the data . And there's all 

1069
00:42:52,010 --> 00:42:54,660
sorts of different things that the 

1070
00:42:54,660 --> 00:42:58,390
commercial , the commercial 

1071
00:42:58,390 --> 00:43:00,990
sector is doing this also . They're 

1072
00:43:01,000 --> 00:43:03,940
looking how do you protect the data and 

1073
00:43:03,940 --> 00:43:06,820
how do you protect your algorithms um 

1074
00:43:07,200 --> 00:43:09,110
to make sure that no biases are 

1075
00:43:09,120 --> 00:43:12,940
inserted ? So um look , we don't have 

1076
00:43:12,940 --> 00:43:14,970
the answers of , you know , all the 

1077
00:43:14,970 --> 00:43:17,800
answers for this yet , but it's central 

1078
00:43:17,800 --> 00:43:20,022
to the thinking of the jake I think you 

1079
00:43:20,022 --> 00:43:21,420
heard and 

1080
00:43:25,100 --> 00:43:27,820
our AI has to be better than their A I 

1081
00:43:28,300 --> 00:43:30,760
all you have to do is envision an AI 

1082
00:43:30,760 --> 00:43:33,910
enables cyber attack and if there AI is 

1083
00:43:33,910 --> 00:43:36,150
better on offense than our AI is better 

1084
00:43:36,150 --> 00:43:38,261
on defense . That's going to be a bad 

1085
00:43:38,261 --> 00:43:41,590
day for us . So um you know , constant 

1086
00:43:41,590 --> 00:43:43,812
red teaming , constant development with 

1087
00:43:43,880 --> 00:43:47,060
cops in mind , constant testing and 

1088
00:43:47,060 --> 00:43:49,810
evaluation validation and verification . 

1089
00:43:50,300 --> 00:43:53,250
Uh This is our future . Now it's going 

1090
00:43:53,250 --> 00:43:55,472
to be something we just have to take as 

1091
00:43:55,472 --> 00:43:59,020
a matter of course . Next question goes 

1092
00:43:59,020 --> 00:44:01,076
out to Tony from Bloomberg News . Go 

1093
00:44:01,076 --> 00:44:03,610
ahead Tony uh huh Hi , this is Tony to 

1094
00:44:03,610 --> 00:44:05,630
paseo . I have a question in an 

1095
00:44:05,640 --> 00:44:07,862
operational application question that I 

1096
00:44:07,862 --> 00:44:09,973
think most of the citizens can relate 

1097
00:44:09,973 --> 00:44:11,940
to next month marks the 10th 

1098
00:44:11,940 --> 00:44:13,996
anniversary of the bin laden raid by 

1099
00:44:13,996 --> 00:44:17,820
Seal team six . Conceptually if AI was 

1100
00:44:17,830 --> 00:44:20,720
in widespread use in 2011 , how might 

1101
00:44:20,730 --> 00:44:23,060
it have been employed in planning and 

1102
00:44:23,060 --> 00:44:24,949
executing the raid ? I'm thinking 

1103
00:44:24,949 --> 00:44:27,160
facial recognition , pinpointing the 

1104
00:44:27,160 --> 00:44:29,382
movements of activity in and around the 

1105
00:44:29,382 --> 00:44:31,500
compound , calculating the height of 

1106
00:44:31,500 --> 00:44:33,778
the walls and their thickness etcetera . 

1107
00:44:33,778 --> 00:44:36,640
Can you think outside the box and give 

1108
00:44:36,640 --> 00:44:38,696
us a couple examples of how it might 

1109
00:44:38,696 --> 00:44:41,510
have been used in that raid ? Yeah . 

1110
00:44:41,520 --> 00:44:43,631
Hey , great , great question , Tony . 

1111
00:44:43,631 --> 00:44:45,742
And I think , I think that raised , I 

1112
00:44:45,742 --> 00:44:47,909
mean , so when I look at , when I look 

1113
00:44:47,909 --> 00:44:49,964
at that , remember when I said , you 

1114
00:44:49,964 --> 00:44:51,520
know , amateur study apps , 

1115
00:44:51,520 --> 00:44:53,576
professional study architectures , I 

1116
00:44:53,576 --> 00:44:55,353
think I think we if we take any 

1117
00:44:55,353 --> 00:44:57,353
military operation , I can't really 

1118
00:44:57,353 --> 00:44:59,020
speak to , you know , to that 

1119
00:44:59,020 --> 00:45:01,242
particular event . But but any military 

1120
00:45:01,242 --> 00:45:03,464
operation , it's easy to get fixated on 

1121
00:45:03,464 --> 00:45:06,020
the on the applications that that exist 

1122
00:45:06,020 --> 00:45:08,020
on the tactical edge . But when you 

1123
00:45:08,020 --> 00:45:10,242
when you walk back a military problem , 

1124
00:45:10,242 --> 00:45:12,520
I mean you start with those , you know , 

1125
00:45:12,520 --> 00:45:14,798
you start with those tactical warnings , 

1126
00:45:14,798 --> 00:45:14,720
you know , on the objective or near the 

1127
00:45:14,720 --> 00:45:17,100
objective and you back up a step and 

1128
00:45:17,100 --> 00:45:19,080
you need to be broadly situational 

1129
00:45:19,080 --> 00:45:21,870
aware and you back up another step and 

1130
00:45:21,870 --> 00:45:24,370
you need to be aware of not just the 

1131
00:45:24,370 --> 00:45:26,426
red capabilities and the red force , 

1132
00:45:26,426 --> 00:45:28,426
but you also need to know where the 

1133
00:45:28,426 --> 00:45:30,537
blue forces and where your own forces 

1134
00:45:30,537 --> 00:45:32,537
are and their readiness and they're 

1135
00:45:32,537 --> 00:45:34,759
ready and their availability . You also 

1136
00:45:34,759 --> 00:45:36,870
need to understand the Green forces , 

1137
00:45:36,870 --> 00:45:36,610
you know , those partner forces that we 

1138
00:45:36,610 --> 00:45:38,610
might have in the area or the White 

1139
00:45:38,610 --> 00:45:40,554
forces , you know , the civilian , 

1140
00:45:40,554 --> 00:45:42,777
innocent civilian populations who might 

1141
00:45:42,777 --> 00:45:44,777
be in the area like so all of those 

1142
00:45:44,777 --> 00:45:46,443
kind of situational awareness 

1143
00:45:46,443 --> 00:45:48,499
activities can be worked through A i 

1144
00:45:48,499 --> 00:45:50,721
right that can be done much better than 

1145
00:45:50,721 --> 00:45:52,388
a human being can do it by by 

1146
00:45:52,388 --> 00:45:54,670
leveraging ai to work on all that data . 

1147
00:45:54,680 --> 00:45:56,791
And you start backing up even further 

1148
00:45:56,791 --> 00:45:58,902
when you talk about , well how do you 

1149
00:45:58,902 --> 00:46:01,280
have uh affects integration ? Like when 

1150
00:46:01,290 --> 00:46:03,570
you know when do you when do you get 

1151
00:46:03,580 --> 00:46:05,469
onto the objective and how do you 

1152
00:46:05,469 --> 00:46:07,636
coordinate with an adjacent unit ? How 

1153
00:46:07,636 --> 00:46:10,190
do you make sure that your you know 

1154
00:46:10,190 --> 00:46:13,120
that your fires are safe and and uh are 

1155
00:46:13,120 --> 00:46:16,720
focused on the good targets ? Again , 

1156
00:46:16,730 --> 00:46:19,880
a I can help with the information flow 

1157
00:46:19,880 --> 00:46:22,900
that informs that decision making back 

1158
00:46:22,900 --> 00:46:25,233
up further , you know , weather effects . 

1159
00:46:25,233 --> 00:46:27,344
Do we have global weather that's in a 

1160
00:46:27,344 --> 00:46:29,344
database that everybody can use and 

1161
00:46:29,344 --> 00:46:31,456
integrate into their application ? Do 

1162
00:46:31,456 --> 00:46:33,122
we have threat picture that's 

1163
00:46:33,122 --> 00:46:35,178
integrated into our applications and 

1164
00:46:35,178 --> 00:46:37,011
defense ? Do we know threatening 

1165
00:46:37,011 --> 00:46:39,233
behavior ? Have we modeled that ? Do we 

1166
00:46:39,233 --> 00:46:41,178
use it for understanding the human 

1167
00:46:41,178 --> 00:46:43,344
populations uh predictive modeling and 

1168
00:46:43,344 --> 00:46:45,511
you know , the list goes on and on and 

1169
00:46:45,511 --> 00:46:47,733
you know , the further you go back into 

1170
00:46:47,733 --> 00:46:47,630
the into the institution , you're 

1171
00:46:47,630 --> 00:46:49,852
talking about modeling and simulation , 

1172
00:46:49,852 --> 00:46:51,741
platform maintenance , you know , 

1173
00:46:51,741 --> 00:46:53,852
preventive maintenance for helicopter 

1174
00:46:53,852 --> 00:46:55,963
platforms for example . Uh Integrated 

1175
00:46:55,963 --> 00:46:58,074
logistics contingency management , uh 

1176
00:46:58,074 --> 00:47:00,297
you know fleet maintenance , you know , 

1177
00:47:00,297 --> 00:47:02,352
think think of like an electronic or 

1178
00:47:02,352 --> 00:47:05,060
electric car company that broadcast 

1179
00:47:05,070 --> 00:47:07,010
updates to their entire fleet of 

1180
00:47:07,010 --> 00:47:08,940
vehicles . This is the sort of 

1181
00:47:08,940 --> 00:47:11,080
capabilities that Ai brings to the 

1182
00:47:11,080 --> 00:47:13,330
department and when you start stacking 

1183
00:47:13,330 --> 00:47:15,620
those up , you really see how it 

1184
00:47:15,620 --> 00:47:19,130
focuses . You focus that lens on a 

1185
00:47:19,140 --> 00:47:21,450
tactical military problem . It's not 

1186
00:47:21,450 --> 00:47:23,617
just the Ai at the tactical edge , but 

1187
00:47:23,617 --> 00:47:26,050
it's all of the Ai that has contributed 

1188
00:47:26,060 --> 00:47:28,171
all the way to the back office of the 

1189
00:47:28,171 --> 00:47:30,227
pentagon where we're doing financial 

1190
00:47:30,227 --> 00:47:31,949
records , right ? Or inventory 

1191
00:47:31,949 --> 00:47:34,004
management or all of the sort of the 

1192
00:47:34,004 --> 00:47:36,770
business of the defense focus through 

1193
00:47:36,780 --> 00:47:39,560
data into that objective . So I hope I 

1194
00:47:39,560 --> 00:47:41,616
hope that helps you know what , I'll 

1195
00:47:41,616 --> 00:47:43,893
just give you one other point . I mean , 

1196
00:47:43,893 --> 00:47:45,893
for every for almost every military 

1197
00:47:45,893 --> 00:47:48,060
activity , there's a commercial analog 

1198
00:47:48,060 --> 00:47:50,171
to that activity . I mean , you think 

1199
00:47:50,171 --> 00:47:52,282
about that , you know , a large scale 

1200
00:47:52,282 --> 00:47:54,282
uh shopping online shopping network 

1201
00:47:54,282 --> 00:47:56,227
that has to deal with ordering and 

1202
00:47:56,227 --> 00:47:58,393
buying and recommending and presenting 

1203
00:47:58,393 --> 00:48:00,282
options and selecting options and 

1204
00:48:00,282 --> 00:48:02,393
delivering , you know , for every one 

1205
00:48:02,393 --> 00:48:04,616
of those has a parallel in the military 

1206
00:48:04,616 --> 00:48:06,727
space . The ai that we integrate from 

1207
00:48:06,727 --> 00:48:08,560
commercial industry today , that 

1208
00:48:08,560 --> 00:48:10,560
technology that's readily available 

1209
00:48:10,560 --> 00:48:12,727
helps us do those same things with the 

1210
00:48:12,727 --> 00:48:15,010
efficiency and productivity that that 

1211
00:48:15,020 --> 00:48:17,970
any large scale successful commercial 

1212
00:48:17,970 --> 00:48:20,020
corporation does today . And from a 

1213
00:48:20,020 --> 00:48:22,131
business perspective , that's exactly 

1214
00:48:22,131 --> 00:48:24,298
what we need to have . Thanks . It's a 

1215
00:48:24,298 --> 00:48:27,350
clever question , Tony . And to me the 

1216
00:48:27,360 --> 00:48:30,880
biggest change would be our 

1217
00:48:30,880 --> 00:48:34,830
ability to look at enormous amounts of 

1218
00:48:34,830 --> 00:48:38,820
social media data etcetera uh 

1219
00:48:38,830 --> 00:48:41,160
to make predictive analysis and also 

1220
00:48:41,160 --> 00:48:44,740
make judgments . I'm a movie aficionado . 

1221
00:48:44,740 --> 00:48:46,684
So everything I know about the bin 

1222
00:48:46,684 --> 00:48:48,740
laden raid I learned in Zero Dark 30 

1223
00:48:49,270 --> 00:48:52,090
and if zero Dark 30 is correct , 

1224
00:48:52,970 --> 00:48:56,760
What D . C . I . A , the director of C . 

1225
00:48:56,760 --> 00:48:58,871
I . A . Panetta was constantly asking 

1226
00:48:58,871 --> 00:49:01,440
us , how sure are we that he's in the 

1227
00:49:01,440 --> 00:49:04,880
compound , you know , before we execute 

1228
00:49:04,880 --> 00:49:07,070
a raid in another sovereign country ? 

1229
00:49:07,080 --> 00:49:10,780
How sure are we ? Well , I just go 

1230
00:49:10,780 --> 00:49:14,420
to the shoot down of the Ukrainian 

1231
00:49:14,420 --> 00:49:17,770
airliner and we knew the Russians did 

1232
00:49:17,770 --> 00:49:19,548
it immediately through national 

1233
00:49:19,548 --> 00:49:21,770
technical means and other other stuff . 

1234
00:49:21,870 --> 00:49:23,814
But we didn't want to release that 

1235
00:49:23,814 --> 00:49:26,490
because of sources and methods . There 

1236
00:49:26,490 --> 00:49:28,900
was a company called Bell and Cat who 

1237
00:49:28,900 --> 00:49:31,122
essentially put together the storyboard 

1238
00:49:31,122 --> 00:49:33,330
for the entire shoot down using social 

1239
00:49:33,330 --> 00:49:35,920
media . You know , they had a picture 

1240
00:49:35,930 --> 00:49:39,900
of a tell with three surface 

1241
00:49:39,900 --> 00:49:42,122
to air missiles on it . A picture of it 

1242
00:49:42,122 --> 00:49:45,890
crossing the border , uh , into eastern 

1243
00:49:45,890 --> 00:49:48,510
Ukraine with the serial number on the 

1244
00:49:48,510 --> 00:49:51,340
side . They had another picture of a 

1245
00:49:51,350 --> 00:49:54,070
missile contrail right next to the 

1246
00:49:54,080 --> 00:49:56,590
village where the shoot down occurred . 

1247
00:49:56,970 --> 00:49:59,960
Had another picture of the same tell 

1248
00:49:59,970 --> 00:50:02,700
with the same serial number going back 

1249
00:50:02,700 --> 00:50:04,811
into Russia with two instead of three 

1250
00:50:04,811 --> 00:50:06,867
missiles . They put together a story 

1251
00:50:06,867 --> 00:50:09,180
board just using social media . It was 

1252
00:50:09,180 --> 00:50:12,890
100%, , you know , any 

1253
00:50:13,460 --> 00:50:16,040
objective person would say , whoa . The 

1254
00:50:16,040 --> 00:50:18,040
Russians really did shoot down that 

1255
00:50:18,040 --> 00:50:20,750
airliner . And had we had the 

1256
00:50:20,750 --> 00:50:23,490
capability we have now to go through 

1257
00:50:23,500 --> 00:50:26,280
all sorts of data . 

1258
00:50:26,760 --> 00:50:29,220
Uh then I think the analysts would have 

1259
00:50:29,220 --> 00:50:31,442
been able to tell director Panetta , we 

1260
00:50:31,442 --> 00:50:35,330
are 100 certain that Bin laden is in 

1261
00:50:35,330 --> 00:50:37,950
that compound and here's all of the 

1262
00:50:37,950 --> 00:50:41,050
data that we can show you . And then 

1263
00:50:41,050 --> 00:50:43,290
predictive analysis like Lieutenant 

1264
00:50:43,290 --> 00:50:46,280
General Grown said the president might 

1265
00:50:46,280 --> 00:50:48,790
have asked , what do we expect to be 

1266
00:50:48,790 --> 00:50:52,070
the reaction of uh the muslim 

1267
00:50:52,070 --> 00:50:54,300
community if it becomes aware that we 

1268
00:50:54,300 --> 00:50:56,680
execute a raid and we killed bin laden . 

1269
00:50:57,160 --> 00:51:00,400
Uh AI is able to do that type of 

1270
00:51:00,400 --> 00:51:03,820
predictive . I I n w we're doing it 

1271
00:51:03,820 --> 00:51:06,580
right now uh in Afghanistan 

1272
00:51:07,060 --> 00:51:09,760
using a i to predict when the attacks 

1273
00:51:09,760 --> 00:51:12,740
might occur or predict um you know , 

1274
00:51:12,750 --> 00:51:15,680
actions by our adversaries . 

1275
00:51:16,360 --> 00:51:18,820
Um I don't think a I would have made 

1276
00:51:18,820 --> 00:51:21,520
that much difference in the raid force 

1277
00:51:21,520 --> 00:51:23,670
itself unless they had specific 

1278
00:51:23,670 --> 00:51:26,690
applications that they needed uh 

1279
00:51:27,860 --> 00:51:30,470
to say what is the most up to date 

1280
00:51:30,470 --> 00:51:32,359
intelligence , you know , what is 

1281
00:51:32,359 --> 00:51:34,414
happening ? Do we need to change our 

1282
00:51:34,414 --> 00:51:36,950
plan , etcetera ? But to me , we 

1283
00:51:36,950 --> 00:51:39,228
already have kind of an answer for you . 

1284
00:51:39,460 --> 00:51:43,340
Uh AI gives you a tool uh that 

1285
00:51:43,340 --> 00:51:46,030
we've never ever really had . one of 

1286
00:51:46,030 --> 00:51:48,810
our commissioners Ken Ford refers to 

1287
00:51:48,810 --> 00:51:51,910
this as a I gives commanders eyeglasses 

1288
00:51:51,910 --> 00:51:54,860
for the mind and I thought it was such 

1289
00:51:54,860 --> 00:51:58,650
a pithy observation . It helps look 

1290
00:51:58,650 --> 00:52:00,872
through enormous amounts of data that a 

1291
00:52:00,872 --> 00:52:02,428
human would be incapable of 

1292
00:52:02,428 --> 00:52:05,100
interpreting , and the Ai is able to 

1293
00:52:05,100 --> 00:52:07,200
find patterns , make inferences , 

1294
00:52:07,210 --> 00:52:10,520
etcetera . So that's what we mean by 

1295
00:52:10,520 --> 00:52:13,320
human machine collaboration . You let 

1296
00:52:13,320 --> 00:52:15,550
the machine do all that hard number 

1297
00:52:15,550 --> 00:52:17,870
crunching and stuff like that and you 

1298
00:52:17,870 --> 00:52:19,648
leave the Commander , the human 

1299
00:52:19,648 --> 00:52:21,703
Commander to exercise their creative 

1300
00:52:21,703 --> 00:52:23,814
spirit and their initiative and their 

1301
00:52:23,814 --> 00:52:25,981
understanding of the broader strategic 

1302
00:52:25,981 --> 00:52:28,560
concept . Human machine collaboration 

1303
00:52:29,150 --> 00:52:32,640
uh is a big , big deal in the future of 

1304
00:52:32,640 --> 00:52:36,570
ai . Next question goes out to jasmine 

1305
00:52:36,580 --> 00:52:40,030
from National Defense . I thank you so 

1306
00:52:40,030 --> 00:52:42,410
much for doing this . Um My question 

1307
00:52:42,410 --> 00:52:45,220
has to do with comments that the 

1308
00:52:45,220 --> 00:52:47,220
chairman of the commission has made 

1309
00:52:47,220 --> 00:52:49,730
before , eric Schmidt , he said um that 

1310
00:52:49,730 --> 00:52:52,050
china is maybe two years behind the 

1311
00:52:52,050 --> 00:52:54,560
United States , um the time general 

1312
00:52:54,560 --> 00:52:56,727
growing , I was wondering if you agree 

1313
00:52:56,727 --> 00:52:58,782
with that assessment or do you think 

1314
00:52:58,782 --> 00:53:00,893
that it's a bit we have a bit more of 

1315
00:53:00,893 --> 00:53:03,130
an advantage . Yeah , thanks Jasmine . 

1316
00:53:03,130 --> 00:53:05,740
I I think I would echo what what 

1317
00:53:05,750 --> 00:53:07,972
secretary work articulated before , you 

1318
00:53:07,972 --> 00:53:10,420
know , trying to measure advantage in a 

1319
00:53:10,420 --> 00:53:12,587
space like this is a very , you know , 

1320
00:53:12,587 --> 00:53:14,531
is a very difficult undertaking or 

1321
00:53:14,531 --> 00:53:16,753
undertaking . I think uh you know , you 

1322
00:53:16,753 --> 00:53:19,080
can look at places where there is , 

1323
00:53:19,090 --> 00:53:21,470
there's clear superiority on the US 

1324
00:53:21,470 --> 00:53:23,680
side . I think like our academic 

1325
00:53:23,680 --> 00:53:26,880
environment , I mean the United States 

1326
00:53:26,880 --> 00:53:29,460
academic community is unsurpassed 

1327
00:53:29,460 --> 00:53:31,570
globally . Uh you look at our small 

1328
00:53:31,570 --> 00:53:33,570
innovative companies and the things 

1329
00:53:33,570 --> 00:53:35,514
that they're working uh you know , 

1330
00:53:35,514 --> 00:53:37,626
every almost every company these days 

1331
00:53:37,626 --> 00:53:39,848
as an ai company and a lot of them have 

1332
00:53:39,848 --> 00:53:41,570
really good vertical stovepipe 

1333
00:53:41,570 --> 00:53:43,237
capability . So there's great 

1334
00:53:43,237 --> 00:53:45,237
innovation that goes all across the 

1335
00:53:45,237 --> 00:53:47,459
United States . Um you look at on the , 

1336
00:53:47,459 --> 00:53:49,570
on the chinese side , I mean , you do 

1337
00:53:49,570 --> 00:53:51,681
have the organizational efficiency of 

1338
00:53:51,681 --> 00:53:54,180
autocracy and you have all of the , you 

1339
00:53:54,180 --> 00:53:56,180
know , the moral impacts of that as 

1340
00:53:56,180 --> 00:53:58,291
well . But , you know , I I think the 

1341
00:53:58,291 --> 00:54:00,513
competition and if you really wanted to 

1342
00:54:00,513 --> 00:54:02,736
simplify it might , you know , might be 

1343
00:54:02,736 --> 00:54:05,330
as in a sense , um the the 

1344
00:54:05,340 --> 00:54:07,410
organizational efficiency versus 

1345
00:54:07,420 --> 00:54:10,060
innovation and innovation of efficiency . 

1346
00:54:10,140 --> 00:54:11,751
And so when you look at that 

1347
00:54:11,751 --> 00:54:13,696
competition from that from through 

1348
00:54:13,696 --> 00:54:15,807
those two lenses , you really have to 

1349
00:54:15,807 --> 00:54:17,862
pay attention to both . Right . It's 

1350
00:54:17,862 --> 00:54:19,973
like how do we achieve organizational 

1351
00:54:19,973 --> 00:54:22,029
efficiency in our efforts so that we 

1352
00:54:22,029 --> 00:54:24,196
can compete , compete , keep pace with 

1353
00:54:24,196 --> 00:54:26,307
with a bigger machine , but then also 

1354
00:54:26,307 --> 00:54:28,529
how can we continue to innovate so that 

1355
00:54:28,529 --> 00:54:28,360
we're not stuck in yesterday's 

1356
00:54:28,360 --> 00:54:30,527
technology and we continue to push the 

1357
00:54:30,527 --> 00:54:32,693
envelope . So it's a really hard thing 

1358
00:54:32,693 --> 00:54:34,693
to measure . I think both countries 

1359
00:54:34,693 --> 00:54:37,100
have uh have demonstrated significant 

1360
00:54:37,110 --> 00:54:40,620
global capabilities and so we have to 

1361
00:54:40,630 --> 00:54:44,380
be in this fight for sure . Yeah , I 

1362
00:54:44,380 --> 00:54:46,730
mean , I agree . It's just really a 

1363
00:54:46,730 --> 00:54:49,740
tough thing to kind of judge The way we 

1364
00:54:49,740 --> 00:54:51,962
did it . As I explained earlier , as we 

1365
00:54:51,962 --> 00:54:54,210
broke down the Ai stack into its six 

1366
00:54:54,210 --> 00:54:56,860
components . We judge that were ahead , 

1367
00:54:56,860 --> 00:54:59,082
slightly ahead or ahead in three of the 

1368
00:54:59,082 --> 00:55:01,190
six and China is ahead or slightly 

1369
00:55:01,190 --> 00:55:03,580
ahead in 3-6 . So it's a really , 

1370
00:55:03,580 --> 00:55:06,520
really tight competition . We admitted 

1371
00:55:06,520 --> 00:55:08,720
that the Chinese could probably catch 

1372
00:55:08,720 --> 00:55:11,520
up with us in algorithms within 5-10 

1373
00:55:11,520 --> 00:55:14,990
years . We also say that we're 100 

1374
00:55:14,990 --> 00:55:17,770
miles away from becoming from being two 

1375
00:55:17,770 --> 00:55:20,200
generations ahead in hardware to being 

1376
00:55:20,200 --> 00:55:23,620
two generations behind if for example , 

1377
00:55:23,620 --> 00:55:26,840
China sees Taiwan and the fabricating 

1378
00:55:26,850 --> 00:55:28,910
the chip fabricating facilities that 

1379
00:55:28,910 --> 00:55:31,160
are on Taiwan . So 

1380
00:55:33,140 --> 00:55:36,660
eric Schmidt is been working in this 

1381
00:55:36,670 --> 00:55:39,190
area for a long time and his judgment 

1382
00:55:39,200 --> 00:55:41,760
is , look , I think we're about two 

1383
00:55:41,760 --> 00:55:43,920
years ahead , but he will tell anyone 

1384
00:55:43,920 --> 00:55:46,470
who listens the chinese are coming on 

1385
00:55:46,470 --> 00:55:49,430
fast . Uh , you know , they're ahead in 

1386
00:55:49,430 --> 00:55:52,380
some were ahead in some , we need to 

1387
00:55:52,380 --> 00:55:54,047
take this company , take this 

1388
00:55:54,047 --> 00:55:56,269
competition . Like a politician takes a 

1389
00:55:56,269 --> 00:55:58,269
political race you have to run like 

1390
00:55:58,269 --> 00:56:00,900
you're losing . Um , and so it's 

1391
00:56:00,900 --> 00:56:03,850
important that we really gear up and go , 

1392
00:56:05,830 --> 00:56:07,663
okay , we have time for one more 

1393
00:56:07,663 --> 00:56:09,719
question that will go out to Jackson 

1394
00:56:09,719 --> 00:56:11,830
from bed scoop . Go ahead , Jackson , 

1395
00:56:11,830 --> 00:56:13,886
Thank you so much . I hope I have my 

1396
00:56:13,886 --> 00:56:15,997
dates right here . But within general 

1397
00:56:15,997 --> 00:56:18,052
growing , I believe we're six months 

1398
00:56:18,052 --> 00:56:20,330
out from your announcement of jake 2.0 , 

1399
00:56:20,330 --> 00:56:22,497
and shifting to be more of an enabling 

1400
00:56:22,497 --> 00:56:24,663
force , hoping you can give us just an 

1401
00:56:24,663 --> 00:56:26,886
update on how that changes going . Um , 

1402
00:56:26,886 --> 00:56:29,108
and if I could ask specifically about , 

1403
00:56:29,108 --> 00:56:31,230
are you now sending out officials to 

1404
00:56:31,230 --> 00:56:33,730
kind of be liaisons to specific ai 

1405
00:56:33,730 --> 00:56:36,020
offices across the force ? How is that 

1406
00:56:36,020 --> 00:56:38,110
going ? Is there any tension with , 

1407
00:56:38,110 --> 00:56:40,380
with Jacob maybe showing up and and 

1408
00:56:40,380 --> 00:56:42,658
offering help ? How is that successful ? 

1409
00:56:42,658 --> 00:56:45,290
Maybe ? How are things ? Uh are there 

1410
00:56:45,290 --> 00:56:47,234
any things you might change in the 

1411
00:56:47,234 --> 00:56:49,346
future ? And then if I could also ask 

1412
00:56:49,346 --> 00:56:51,940
Mr work previously , you've said that 

1413
00:56:51,950 --> 00:56:55,170
the jake should take a naval nuclear 

1414
00:56:55,170 --> 00:56:58,140
reactor Rickover type strategy to being 

1415
00:56:58,140 --> 00:57:01,150
kind of an ai coordination office . Do 

1416
00:57:01,150 --> 00:57:03,290
you think that holds any tension 

1417
00:57:03,290 --> 00:57:05,123
between the kind of 1000 flowers 

1418
00:57:05,123 --> 00:57:07,290
blooming approach that's being taken ? 

1419
00:57:07,290 --> 00:57:09,568
What is your current stance on on that ? 

1420
00:57:09,568 --> 00:57:12,980
Thank you . So , so I'll start with 

1421
00:57:12,990 --> 00:57:15,212
thanks Jackson , a great question . And 

1422
00:57:15,212 --> 00:57:18,230
uh so so as we you I think accurately 

1423
00:57:18,230 --> 00:57:20,286
described what we want to do in jake 

1424
00:57:20,286 --> 00:57:22,330
2.0 , so we realized kind of our 

1425
00:57:22,340 --> 00:57:25,180
initial business model uh wasn't 

1426
00:57:25,180 --> 00:57:27,291
getting us where we needed to go , it 

1427
00:57:27,291 --> 00:57:29,402
was not transformational enough . And 

1428
00:57:29,402 --> 00:57:31,569
so we really started focusing on broad 

1429
00:57:31,569 --> 00:57:33,569
enablement . And I think we've been 

1430
00:57:33,569 --> 00:57:35,791
fairly successful in that space . We do 

1431
00:57:35,791 --> 00:57:38,160
have a great outreach organizations . 

1432
00:57:38,160 --> 00:57:40,730
We do pay keen attention to all of the 

1433
00:57:40,730 --> 00:57:42,674
service developments and we try to 

1434
00:57:42,674 --> 00:57:44,950
partner with all of them . Uh , we pay 

1435
00:57:44,950 --> 00:57:47,006
keen attention to the demand signals 

1436
00:57:47,006 --> 00:57:49,228
from the combatant commands and we want 

1437
00:57:49,228 --> 00:57:51,339
to , we want to work with anybody who 

1438
00:57:51,339 --> 00:57:53,770
is doing a I today . But here's how we 

1439
00:57:53,770 --> 00:57:55,937
approach that problem set right ? Like 

1440
00:57:55,937 --> 00:57:58,048
our first duty I think are one of the 

1441
00:57:58,048 --> 00:58:00,740
things that we do well , um , is 

1442
00:58:00,740 --> 00:58:02,907
measure our success and the success of 

1443
00:58:02,907 --> 00:58:04,962
others . And the second thing that I 

1444
00:58:04,962 --> 00:58:07,020
think we do well is we don't go to 

1445
00:58:07,020 --> 00:58:09,187
these organizations are partnered with 

1446
00:58:09,187 --> 00:58:11,353
these organizations from a position of 

1447
00:58:11,353 --> 00:58:14,160
teacher student . We come in as , as 

1448
00:58:14,170 --> 00:58:16,420
archivist of best practice across the 

1449
00:58:16,420 --> 00:58:18,930
department and and say , hey , show us 

1450
00:58:18,930 --> 00:58:20,986
how you're doing that . Let us learn 

1451
00:58:20,986 --> 00:58:23,360
from you and then we can share , hey , 

1452
00:58:23,360 --> 00:58:25,416
you know , there's another agency in 

1453
00:58:25,416 --> 00:58:27,582
the department that has a problem very 

1454
00:58:27,582 --> 00:58:29,804
similar to yours and here's how they're 

1455
00:58:29,804 --> 00:58:32,027
addressing that . So we play broker for 

1456
00:58:32,027 --> 00:58:34,193
information and expertise across , you 

1457
00:58:34,193 --> 00:58:36,249
know , across agencies , across uh , 

1458
00:58:36,249 --> 00:58:38,304
services , across command commands . 

1459
00:58:38,304 --> 00:58:40,360
And then what we can do is then turn 

1460
00:58:40,360 --> 00:58:42,527
that into because of our congressional 

1461
00:58:42,527 --> 00:58:44,790
congressional authority now to do our 

1462
00:58:44,790 --> 00:58:46,970
own acquisition , for example , now we 

1463
00:58:46,970 --> 00:58:48,980
can actually start providing a much 

1464
00:58:48,980 --> 00:58:51,250
broader array of , of support , service 

1465
00:58:51,250 --> 00:58:53,750
and services and enabling services that 

1466
00:58:53,750 --> 00:58:55,583
help make all of those customers 

1467
00:58:55,583 --> 00:58:57,806
successful . We think we're a force for 

1468
00:58:57,806 --> 00:59:00,980
good here . We , we we approach the 

1469
00:59:00,980 --> 00:59:03,840
challenge with humility and we are , we 

1470
00:59:03,840 --> 00:59:06,007
measure our success and the success of 

1471
00:59:06,007 --> 00:59:08,062
others . And so that has gotten us a 

1472
00:59:08,062 --> 00:59:10,490
long way . I will say this . Um , as I 

1473
00:59:10,490 --> 00:59:12,546
look at the challenge that secretary 

1474
00:59:12,546 --> 00:59:14,768
work has laid out so effectively , um , 

1475
00:59:14,768 --> 00:59:18,230
even now , I wonder is that is jake two 

1476
00:59:18,230 --> 00:59:20,452
point oh enough . Right . Are we moving 

1477
00:59:20,452 --> 00:59:22,674
fast enough ? Are we moving fast enough 

1478
00:59:22,674 --> 00:59:24,897
to create enterprises of capability and 

1479
00:59:24,897 --> 00:59:27,008
overcome stovepipe developments ? Are 

1480
00:59:27,008 --> 00:59:29,320
we moving fast enough to really change 

1481
00:59:29,330 --> 00:59:32,200
our operating model to data driven uh 

1482
00:59:32,200 --> 00:59:34,000
and data visibility across the 

1483
00:59:34,000 --> 00:59:36,167
department ? Are we moving fast enough 

1484
00:59:36,167 --> 00:59:38,310
in integrating innovative technology 

1485
00:59:38,310 --> 00:59:40,570
into the department ? And uh sometimes 

1486
00:59:40,570 --> 00:59:42,626
I lay out , I lay awake at night and 

1487
00:59:42,626 --> 00:59:44,800
saying that the answer is no . And uh 

1488
00:59:44,810 --> 00:59:47,220
that challenge and feeling the hot 

1489
00:59:47,220 --> 00:59:49,387
breath on the back of our next is what 

1490
00:59:49,387 --> 00:59:51,498
keeps the jake motivated and keeps us 

1491
00:59:51,498 --> 00:59:53,387
working hard every day because we 

1492
00:59:53,387 --> 00:59:55,609
recognize how big this is and the scale 

1493
00:59:55,609 --> 00:59:57,664
of the Department of Defense and how 

1494
00:59:57,664 --> 00:59:59,664
necessary this transformation is at 

1495
00:59:59,664 --> 01:00:01,553
scale . Thanks for the question , 

1496
01:00:01,553 --> 01:00:03,776
That's great Jackson . You know , every 

1497
01:00:03,776 --> 01:00:05,609
now and then somebody asked me a 

1498
01:00:05,609 --> 01:00:07,776
question like yours and that gay God , 

1499
01:00:07,776 --> 01:00:10,330
did I really say that ? Uh but uh at 

1500
01:00:10,330 --> 01:00:12,552
the time , what I was saying is , do we 

1501
01:00:12,552 --> 01:00:14,497
really believe that we're going to 

1502
01:00:14,497 --> 01:00:16,274
build the department around the 

1503
01:00:16,274 --> 01:00:18,260
capabilities of AI and Ai enabled 

1504
01:00:18,260 --> 01:00:21,630
autonomy and nuclear reactors made the 

1505
01:00:21,640 --> 01:00:23,751
you're gonna build a submarine around 

1506
01:00:23,751 --> 01:00:25,918
the reactor . And you're going to have 

1507
01:00:25,918 --> 01:00:27,807
to have the people who understand 

1508
01:00:27,807 --> 01:00:30,029
everything about how that reactor works 

1509
01:00:30,029 --> 01:00:31,973
and how it interfaces with all the 

1510
01:00:31,973 --> 01:00:34,196
other systems on the submarines . We're 

1511
01:00:34,196 --> 01:00:36,196
going to make sure that we pick the 

1512
01:00:36,196 --> 01:00:39,770
people who are in charge . Uh We're 

1513
01:00:39,770 --> 01:00:42,910
gonna set the standards . No one no one 

1514
01:00:42,910 --> 01:00:45,132
can touch the standards except for us . 

1515
01:00:45,410 --> 01:00:47,800
And so at the time , I was saying , you 

1516
01:00:47,800 --> 01:00:49,911
know , there's a lot of advantages of 

1517
01:00:49,911 --> 01:00:51,967
this . But over the last two years , 

1518
01:00:51,967 --> 01:00:54,530
working with 14 other brilliant 

1519
01:00:54,530 --> 01:00:57,420
commissioners , the recommendations 

1520
01:00:57,420 --> 01:00:59,420
that we put into the commission I'm 

1521
01:00:59,420 --> 01:01:03,370
fully behind . Uh and I personally 

1522
01:01:03,370 --> 01:01:06,630
think that if you use 

1523
01:01:07,110 --> 01:01:09,240
well , I'll just lay my cards on the 

1524
01:01:09,240 --> 01:01:11,330
table . We thought about this as a 

1525
01:01:11,330 --> 01:01:13,840
blueprint . We said , look , you really 

1526
01:01:13,840 --> 01:01:15,451
shouldn't look at all of our 

1527
01:01:15,451 --> 01:01:17,618
recommendations and say I kind of like 

1528
01:01:17,618 --> 01:01:19,896
that one . I'll pull that off the wall . 

1529
01:01:19,896 --> 01:01:22,118
You have to do them all together to get 

1530
01:01:22,118 --> 01:01:25,330
the effect that the commission feels is 

1531
01:01:25,340 --> 01:01:28,350
important . So right now , I would say 

1532
01:01:28,350 --> 01:01:30,461
I've changed from the nuclear reactor 

1533
01:01:30,461 --> 01:01:32,520
model to the National Commission on 

1534
01:01:32,530 --> 01:01:35,520
Artificial Intelligence model . And I 

1535
01:01:35,520 --> 01:01:37,687
would just like to say thank you again 

1536
01:01:37,687 --> 01:01:39,798
for all of the people who listened in 

1537
01:01:40,010 --> 01:01:42,660
The report is voluminous . You know , 

1538
01:01:42,660 --> 01:01:46,310
it's over 760 pages . But our staff 

1539
01:01:46,310 --> 01:01:50,140
which is like a world class staff 

1540
01:01:50,610 --> 01:01:52,840
uh did everything they could for it to 

1541
01:01:52,840 --> 01:01:55,062
be interactive for you to be able to go 

1542
01:01:55,062 --> 01:01:57,062
into that final report and find the 

1543
01:01:57,062 --> 01:01:59,284
information that you would like . There 

1544
01:01:59,284 --> 01:02:01,396
are so many recommendations . This is 

1545
01:02:01,396 --> 01:02:03,396
why I have so much paper . I mean I 

1546
01:02:03,396 --> 01:02:05,118
can't keep track of all of the 

1547
01:02:05,118 --> 01:02:07,284
recommendations in the report . I need 

1548
01:02:07,284 --> 01:02:09,340
to be reminded of them , but I would 

1549
01:02:09,710 --> 01:02:11,940
ask all of you to read the report 

1550
01:02:11,950 --> 01:02:14,117
because we feel it is so important for 

1551
01:02:14,117 --> 01:02:15,950
economic competitiveness and our 

1552
01:02:15,950 --> 01:02:18,006
military competitiveness . I want to 

1553
01:02:18,006 --> 01:02:20,250
thank you for hosting us today and 

1554
01:02:20,250 --> 01:02:23,370
allowing us to kind of pitch our 

1555
01:02:23,370 --> 01:02:26,300
product . Thank you for the 760 page to 

1556
01:02:26,300 --> 01:02:30,050
do list sir . Mhm . I'm 

1557
01:02:30,050 --> 01:02:31,994
afraid we're out of time . But for 

1558
01:02:31,994 --> 01:02:34,217
those of you that we didn't get to with 

1559
01:02:34,217 --> 01:02:35,939
questions , please submit your 

1560
01:02:35,939 --> 01:02:38,250
questions to osd public affairs and we 

1561
01:02:38,250 --> 01:02:40,460
can answer those so thanks everyone on 

1562
01:02:40,460 --> 01:02:42,680
the lines and everybody here today for 

1563
01:02:42,680 --> 01:02:45,030
attending and thank you very much . 

1564
01:02:46,710 --> 01:02:46,940
Mhm .