1 00:00:00,340 --> 00:00:02,562 everybody here . What an honor it is to 2 00:00:02,562 --> 00:00:04,870 serve as chairman of this committee . 3 00:00:04,870 --> 00:00:07,990 And and with Senator Shelby . Uh True 4 00:00:07,990 --> 00:00:10,090 gentlemen . And I also want to thank 5 00:00:10,280 --> 00:00:12,720 Durbin for his longtime leadership on 6 00:00:12,720 --> 00:00:15,010 this committee , something that I have 7 00:00:15,010 --> 00:00:17,232 appreciated as a member and something I 8 00:00:17,232 --> 00:00:19,454 have continued appreciation is his role 9 00:00:19,454 --> 00:00:21,900 is whipped in the chairman and so in 10 00:00:21,900 --> 00:00:23,956 the in the caucus . And so thank you 11 00:00:24,240 --> 00:00:27,980 Senator Durbin today . We have miss my 12 00:00:27,980 --> 00:00:31,780 Kristen and dr Thompson virtually thank 13 00:00:31,780 --> 00:00:33,836 you all for being here today . And I 14 00:00:33,836 --> 00:00:36,058 want to thank you for your ongoing hard 15 00:00:36,058 --> 00:00:37,058 work to leave 16 00:00:44,140 --> 00:00:46,380 this committee to order . I want to 17 00:00:46,380 --> 00:00:49,300 start by telling everybody here what an 18 00:00:49,300 --> 00:00:51,750 honor it is to serve as chairman of 19 00:00:51,750 --> 00:00:54,130 this committee and with Senator Shelby . 20 00:00:54,450 --> 00:00:57,290 True gentlemen . And I also want to 21 00:00:57,290 --> 00:00:59,170 thank Durbin for his longtime 22 00:00:59,270 --> 00:01:00,992 leadership on this committee , 23 00:01:01,440 --> 00:01:03,607 something that I have appreciated as a 24 00:01:03,607 --> 00:01:05,718 member and something I have continued 25 00:01:05,718 --> 00:01:08,090 appreciation as his role is whipped in 26 00:01:08,090 --> 00:01:10,312 the chairman in the in the caucus . And 27 00:01:10,312 --> 00:01:14,040 so thank you Senator Durbin today . We 28 00:01:14,040 --> 00:01:17,330 have MS Mctwist in and dr Thompson 29 00:01:17,330 --> 00:01:20,130 virtually thank you all for being here 30 00:01:20,130 --> 00:01:22,130 today . And I want to thank you for 31 00:01:22,130 --> 00:01:24,074 your ongoing hard work to lead and 32 00:01:24,074 --> 00:01:25,852 shape the Department of Defense 33 00:01:25,852 --> 00:01:28,074 innovation , modernization efforts when 34 00:01:28,074 --> 00:01:30,241 it comes to federal funding priorities 35 00:01:30,241 --> 00:01:32,130 to things are more important than 36 00:01:32,130 --> 00:01:34,130 innovation and research . And it is 37 00:01:34,130 --> 00:01:36,241 critical Congress to continue to make 38 00:01:36,241 --> 00:01:38,408 strong research investments across the 39 00:01:38,408 --> 00:01:40,130 board . America is facing many 40 00:01:40,130 --> 00:01:42,352 difficult in evolving national security 41 00:01:42,352 --> 00:01:44,519 challenges . Right now , we have heard 42 00:01:44,519 --> 00:01:46,574 from combat commands in recent weeks 43 00:01:46,574 --> 00:01:48,574 about the daily threats they face , 44 00:01:48,574 --> 00:01:48,570 particularly from Admiral Davidson , 45 00:01:49,120 --> 00:01:51,009 the commander of the indo pacific 46 00:01:51,009 --> 00:01:53,530 command in this subcommittee . It is 47 00:01:53,530 --> 00:01:55,697 critical that we do our best to ensure 48 00:01:55,697 --> 00:01:57,752 our service members continue to have 49 00:01:57,752 --> 00:01:57,710 access to the world's most 50 00:01:57,710 --> 00:02:00,150 sophisticated and advanced technology . 51 00:02:00,160 --> 00:02:01,938 So I hope to hear the witnesses 52 00:02:01,938 --> 00:02:04,030 perspective on the global race for 53 00:02:04,030 --> 00:02:06,252 innovation , particularly as we compete 54 00:02:06,252 --> 00:02:08,380 with china and Russia . And I look 55 00:02:08,380 --> 00:02:10,570 forward to learning more about ongoing 56 00:02:10,570 --> 00:02:12,800 and future diode technology innovation 57 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:14,990 efforts and whether it has the tools 58 00:02:14,990 --> 00:02:17,240 and resource that needs to work with 59 00:02:17,240 --> 00:02:19,351 various partners across the country . 60 00:02:19,940 --> 00:02:22,051 And that includes taking advantage of 61 00:02:22,051 --> 00:02:24,107 the incredible innovations happening 62 00:02:24,107 --> 00:02:26,218 across this country , including those 63 00:02:26,218 --> 00:02:28,218 that small businesses who can often 64 00:02:28,218 --> 00:02:30,329 bring fresh ideas , nimble operations 65 00:02:30,329 --> 00:02:32,620 and cutting edge invitation inventions 66 00:02:32,620 --> 00:02:34,787 to the table . With that , I will turn 67 00:02:34,787 --> 00:02:36,787 into ranking members Shelby for his 68 00:02:36,787 --> 00:02:40,640 comments . Senator Shelby . Thank you . 69 00:02:40,640 --> 00:02:42,940 Mr . Chairman . Uh thank you for this 70 00:02:42,940 --> 00:02:45,051 hearing . I think it's very important 71 00:02:45,051 --> 00:02:47,560 to have a hearing with DARPA . Um 72 00:02:48,340 --> 00:02:51,540 Welcome . This committee has approved 73 00:02:51,540 --> 00:02:53,762 billions of dollars . Mr . Chairman for 74 00:02:53,762 --> 00:02:56,440 basic research , applied research and 75 00:02:56,440 --> 00:02:58,780 advanced technology development to 76 00:02:58,780 --> 00:03:01,002 support efforts that it would allow our 77 00:03:01,002 --> 00:03:02,947 military to maintain a competitive 78 00:03:02,947 --> 00:03:05,710 advantage and strategic advantage over 79 00:03:05,710 --> 00:03:08,470 our adversaries . Our technological and 80 00:03:08,470 --> 00:03:10,860 industrial progress remains a constant 81 00:03:10,860 --> 00:03:13,710 target from china and Russia and other 82 00:03:13,710 --> 00:03:16,130 nation states that are actively working 83 00:03:16,140 --> 00:03:18,840 to undermine and surpass our military's 84 00:03:18,840 --> 00:03:22,160 advancements . I believe we need a 85 00:03:22,170 --> 00:03:25,460 ready and lethal force to equipped with 86 00:03:25,460 --> 00:03:27,682 modernized systems capable of providing 87 00:03:27,682 --> 00:03:29,530 strong national security and 88 00:03:29,530 --> 00:03:32,010 importantly deterring war our 89 00:03:32,010 --> 00:03:34,121 investments in innovative research or 90 00:03:34,121 --> 00:03:36,399 critical and guaranteeing success here . 91 00:03:37,040 --> 00:03:38,818 Over the last four years , this 92 00:03:38,818 --> 00:03:40,929 committee has supported the necessary 93 00:03:40,929 --> 00:03:42,780 budget increases in cutting edge 94 00:03:42,780 --> 00:03:45,520 research areas such as hypersonic 95 00:03:45,530 --> 00:03:47,960 artificial intelligence , unmanned 96 00:03:47,960 --> 00:03:50,300 systems and micro electronics to 97 00:03:50,300 --> 00:03:53,060 address warfighter needs and capability 98 00:03:53,060 --> 00:03:55,740 gaps . And with the top line budget 99 00:03:55,740 --> 00:03:57,907 recommendation unveiled by the current 100 00:03:57,907 --> 00:03:59,830 administration last week , I'm 101 00:03:59,830 --> 00:04:02,310 currently concerned about our ability 102 00:04:02,370 --> 00:04:04,830 to continue to make those essential 103 00:04:04,890 --> 00:04:07,250 strategic investments that will allow 104 00:04:07,250 --> 00:04:10,150 us to keep pace . I look forward to 105 00:04:10,150 --> 00:04:12,680 hearing from uh the witnesses today 106 00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:14,513 about the progress being made in 107 00:04:14,513 --> 00:04:16,590 innovation and technology within the 108 00:04:16,590 --> 00:04:19,070 Department of Defense and how resource 109 00:04:19,070 --> 00:04:21,780 constraints may impact the department's 110 00:04:21,780 --> 00:04:23,750 ability to field cutting edge 111 00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:26,180 technology in the future . Also 112 00:04:26,180 --> 00:04:28,540 recognize that were significant , 113 00:04:28,550 --> 00:04:30,717 significantly constrained from getting 114 00:04:30,717 --> 00:04:33,910 into many of the details here today . 115 00:04:33,920 --> 00:04:36,087 That would provide for a comprehensive 116 00:04:36,087 --> 00:04:38,380 discussion in an open hearing setting . 117 00:04:38,390 --> 00:04:41,680 Perhaps Mr Chairman , I'd suggested 118 00:04:41,690 --> 00:04:43,930 that we consider a classified 119 00:04:43,930 --> 00:04:46,650 discussion with DARPA at a later date 120 00:04:46,660 --> 00:04:48,660 when you can have it . Because what 121 00:04:48,660 --> 00:04:50,840 DARPA was doing is important to all of 122 00:04:50,840 --> 00:04:53,500 us , especially to armed forces . Thank 123 00:04:53,500 --> 00:04:55,960 you . Mr Chairman Absolutely , Senator 124 00:04:55,960 --> 00:04:58,293 Shelby . And we will we'll take that up . 125 00:04:58,293 --> 00:05:01,620 We'll make that happen . Um uh I would 126 00:05:01,620 --> 00:05:04,000 recognize MS MS Kristin for a statement . 127 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:06,320 Do you have five minutes ? There is a 128 00:05:06,330 --> 00:05:08,552 memorial service at 11 , so I'd ask you 129 00:05:08,552 --> 00:05:10,608 to try to keep your comments to five 130 00:05:10,608 --> 00:05:12,386 minutes . Uh and so we get some 131 00:05:12,386 --> 00:05:14,163 questions . Uh The rest of your 132 00:05:14,163 --> 00:05:15,886 statement for sure . Your full 133 00:05:15,886 --> 00:05:15,600 statement will be a part of the record . 134 00:05:15,610 --> 00:05:17,710 So you have the floor german test 135 00:05:17,710 --> 00:05:18,710 service . 136 00:05:22,140 --> 00:05:25,050 Need to turn your mic on apologize 137 00:05:28,840 --> 00:05:30,896 and you bring it close to your mouth 138 00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:33,160 right ? Well it's not lighting up . 139 00:05:34,840 --> 00:05:37,440 Okay . I apologize . Chairman tester , 140 00:05:37,440 --> 00:05:39,496 ranking member Shelby and members of 141 00:05:39,496 --> 00:05:41,607 the committee thank you for providing 142 00:05:41,607 --> 00:05:43,773 this opportunity to testify before you 143 00:05:43,773 --> 00:05:45,607 today . It's an honor to be here 144 00:05:45,607 --> 00:05:47,773 alongside my friend and colleague , Dr 145 00:05:47,773 --> 00:05:50,051 Stephanie Tompkins , director of DARPA . 146 00:05:50,051 --> 00:05:51,996 I'm truly honored to represent the 147 00:05:51,996 --> 00:05:54,051 research and engineering workforce . 148 00:05:54,051 --> 00:05:56,107 I'm also excited to return to public 149 00:05:56,107 --> 00:05:58,218 service . I began my First government 150 00:05:58,218 --> 00:06:00,107 tour in 2006 at DARPA and today I 151 00:06:00,107 --> 00:06:02,218 return to public service , performing 152 00:06:02,218 --> 00:06:01,850 the duties of under secretary 153 00:06:02,040 --> 00:06:04,590 overseeing DARPA as well as D . I . Um 154 00:06:04,590 --> 00:06:06,780 Dia , Space development agency service 155 00:06:06,780 --> 00:06:08,391 labs , joint prototyping and 156 00:06:08,391 --> 00:06:10,620 experimentation . Arnie serves as the 157 00:06:10,620 --> 00:06:12,453 chief technology officer for the 158 00:06:12,453 --> 00:06:14,564 Department of Defense , strengthening 159 00:06:14,564 --> 00:06:16,787 national security and boosting economic 160 00:06:16,787 --> 00:06:18,676 security investments in science , 161 00:06:18,676 --> 00:06:20,787 technology and innovation . Today can 162 00:06:20,787 --> 00:06:22,898 pay dividends . Tomorrow when I first 163 00:06:22,898 --> 00:06:24,842 started at DARPA , scientists were 164 00:06:24,842 --> 00:06:26,620 conducting research and vaccine 165 00:06:26,620 --> 00:06:28,787 technology . Today , those discoveries 166 00:06:28,787 --> 00:06:30,953 have contributed to the success of the 167 00:06:30,953 --> 00:06:33,064 COVID-19 vaccines . I'm quite excited 168 00:06:33,064 --> 00:06:35,120 and proud that we are all benefiting 169 00:06:35,120 --> 00:06:37,342 from past investments as we address the 170 00:06:37,342 --> 00:06:39,287 global pandemic . This is just one 171 00:06:39,287 --> 00:06:41,509 example of the tremendous impact . Dogg 172 00:06:41,509 --> 00:06:41,180 investments have not just for our 173 00:06:41,180 --> 00:06:43,458 military but for our nation as a whole . 174 00:06:43,458 --> 00:06:45,291 To continue this track record of 175 00:06:45,291 --> 00:06:47,013 success , we must reaffirm our 176 00:06:47,013 --> 00:06:49,013 commitment to science technology an 177 00:06:49,013 --> 00:06:51,236 innovation today to guarantee as strong 178 00:06:51,236 --> 00:06:53,347 tomorrow this strategy for the future 179 00:06:53,347 --> 00:06:55,569 is critical because our competitors are 180 00:06:55,569 --> 00:06:57,680 moving quickly . The use of drones in 181 00:06:57,680 --> 00:06:59,902 the recent conflict between by john and 182 00:06:59,902 --> 00:07:02,013 Armenia may foreshadow things to come 183 00:07:02,013 --> 00:07:04,069 as others move more quickly to adopt 184 00:07:04,069 --> 00:07:06,069 cheap emerging technology . As both 185 00:07:06,069 --> 00:07:08,180 Secretary Austin and Deputy secretary 186 00:07:08,180 --> 00:07:10,410 ticks Hicks have stated , the People's 187 00:07:10,410 --> 00:07:12,188 Republic of China is the pacing 188 00:07:12,188 --> 00:07:14,188 challenge to the U . S . Military . 189 00:07:14,188 --> 00:07:16,410 Bringing new technology and innovations 190 00:07:16,410 --> 00:07:18,188 will be central to meeting that 191 00:07:18,188 --> 00:07:20,077 challenge . Presenting a credible 192 00:07:20,077 --> 00:07:22,021 deterrent to potential adversaries 193 00:07:22,021 --> 00:07:23,854 requires us to develop and field 194 00:07:23,854 --> 00:07:25,632 emerging technologies . We must 195 00:07:25,632 --> 00:07:27,743 innovate at speed and scale . Success 196 00:07:27,743 --> 00:07:29,688 requires more than a go . It alone 197 00:07:29,688 --> 00:07:31,466 approach . We must explore more 198 00:07:31,466 --> 00:07:33,632 flexible partnerships with the private 199 00:07:33,632 --> 00:07:35,354 sector and academia with small 200 00:07:35,354 --> 00:07:37,132 businesses and hBCU s . We must 201 00:07:37,132 --> 00:07:39,021 reinvigorate our federal research 202 00:07:39,021 --> 00:07:40,854 capabilities . Elevate science , 203 00:07:40,854 --> 00:07:42,521 promote technology and expand 204 00:07:42,521 --> 00:07:44,688 partnerships with our allies . Are any 205 00:07:44,688 --> 00:07:46,799 is committed to overcoming the Valley 206 00:07:46,799 --> 00:07:48,966 of Death . We've shown that innovation 207 00:07:48,966 --> 00:07:51,021 and modernization can be done faster 208 00:07:51,021 --> 00:07:53,077 with more flexibility and commercial 209 00:07:53,077 --> 00:07:54,743 opportunities from low cost , 210 00:07:54,743 --> 00:07:57,077 expendable Jones to safer ion batteries . 211 00:07:57,077 --> 00:07:59,077 We must strive to eliminate gaps in 212 00:07:59,077 --> 00:08:01,132 planning or funding that can leave a 213 00:08:01,132 --> 00:08:03,410 project sitting on the shelf for years . 214 00:08:03,410 --> 00:08:05,577 We must do more to engage the services 215 00:08:05,577 --> 00:08:07,521 from day one . Our competitors and 216 00:08:07,521 --> 00:08:07,450 potential adversaries will not wait for 217 00:08:07,450 --> 00:08:09,450 our planning and budget cycles . We 218 00:08:09,450 --> 00:08:11,672 must balance oversight with the need to 219 00:08:11,672 --> 00:08:13,783 move quickly in order to maintain our 220 00:08:13,783 --> 00:08:15,561 advantages . This last year has 221 00:08:15,561 --> 00:08:17,672 demonstrated the importance of supply 222 00:08:17,672 --> 00:08:19,672 chains . The president and Congress 223 00:08:19,672 --> 00:08:21,839 have made it clear that onshore in the 224 00:08:21,839 --> 00:08:23,950 supply chain for micro electronics is 225 00:08:23,950 --> 00:08:26,061 critical to our national and economic 226 00:08:26,061 --> 00:08:25,980 security . The department has been 227 00:08:25,980 --> 00:08:28,147 taking actions to make microelectronic 228 00:08:28,147 --> 00:08:30,750 trustworthy available and sustainable . 229 00:08:31,140 --> 00:08:34,030 When I joined the government labs , our 230 00:08:34,040 --> 00:08:36,096 labs are the premier place to work . 231 00:08:36,096 --> 00:08:38,318 Although we employ some of the best and 232 00:08:38,318 --> 00:08:40,484 brightest minds . We are losing talent 233 00:08:40,484 --> 00:08:42,707 to the private sector and competitors . 234 00:08:42,707 --> 00:08:44,707 The hiring flexibility Congress has 235 00:08:44,707 --> 00:08:44,140 recently given to the department are 236 00:08:44,140 --> 00:08:46,890 helping but we need to do more . One 237 00:08:46,890 --> 00:08:49,057 bright spot I want to highlight is D . 238 00:08:49,057 --> 00:08:51,223 O . D . Vannevar Bush faculty member , 239 00:08:51,223 --> 00:08:53,446 john Rogers who pioneered the new field 240 00:08:53,446 --> 00:08:55,557 of bio electronic Rogers research was 241 00:08:55,557 --> 00:08:57,390 the foundation of a new class of 242 00:08:57,390 --> 00:08:59,560 stretchable electronic devices . This 243 00:08:59,560 --> 00:09:01,671 research led to the 2020 release of a 244 00:09:01,671 --> 00:09:03,960 new flexible skin patch that can track 245 00:09:03,960 --> 00:09:06,430 a person's health Through sweat . It 246 00:09:06,430 --> 00:09:08,541 allows for wearable devices to detect 247 00:09:08,541 --> 00:09:10,610 whether someone has COVID 19 . His 248 00:09:10,610 --> 00:09:12,777 company is award winning and moving to 249 00:09:12,777 --> 00:09:14,999 commercialize the sensors based on this 250 00:09:14,999 --> 00:09:17,110 research . While I'm optimistic about 251 00:09:17,110 --> 00:09:19,277 our and his ability to be successful , 252 00:09:19,277 --> 00:09:21,499 we have significant work ahead . Having 253 00:09:21,499 --> 00:09:23,499 an undersecretary solely focused on 254 00:09:23,499 --> 00:09:25,680 innovation could not be more important 255 00:09:25,680 --> 00:09:27,870 than it is today . I look forward to 256 00:09:27,870 --> 00:09:30,390 partnering with Congress to advance our 257 00:09:30,390 --> 00:09:32,760 mission to lead in technology dominance 258 00:09:32,760 --> 00:09:34,800 across the diode and ensure the 259 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:36,911 unquestioned superiority of the joint 260 00:09:36,911 --> 00:09:39,150 force while strengthening the american 261 00:09:39,150 --> 00:09:41,700 economy . Thank you And I look forward 262 00:09:41,700 --> 00:09:44,020 to your questions , mister Kristen , 263 00:09:44,020 --> 00:09:46,187 thank you for your testimony and there 264 00:09:46,187 --> 00:09:48,298 will be questions . Uh well now we'll 265 00:09:48,298 --> 00:09:50,560 go to dr Thompson or statement 266 00:09:53,140 --> 00:09:55,260 chairman tester ranking member Shelby 267 00:09:55,260 --> 00:09:57,482 and members of the subcommittee . Thank 268 00:09:57,482 --> 00:09:59,649 you for the opportunity to opportunity 269 00:09:59,649 --> 00:10:01,704 to testify today and for your strong 270 00:10:01,704 --> 00:10:03,760 support of DARPA over the years , my 271 00:10:03,760 --> 00:10:05,982 name is Stephanie Tompkins and I served 272 00:10:05,982 --> 00:10:08,204 as the director of the Defense Advanced 273 00:10:08,204 --> 00:10:10,204 Research Projects Agency or DARPA . 274 00:10:10,204 --> 00:10:12,427 It's a real pleasure to be here with my 275 00:10:12,427 --> 00:10:11,860 friend and colleague Miss Barbara . 276 00:10:11,860 --> 00:10:13,971 Question from the Office of the Under 277 00:10:13,971 --> 00:10:16,082 Secretary of Defense for Research and 278 00:10:16,082 --> 00:10:18,304 Engineering . Well , we are part of and 279 00:10:18,304 --> 00:10:20,027 work closely with Mr questions 280 00:10:20,027 --> 00:10:21,916 organization . DARPA has a unique 281 00:10:21,916 --> 00:10:23,693 mission in both the D . O . D . 282 00:10:23,693 --> 00:10:25,582 Community and the broader U . S . 283 00:10:25,582 --> 00:10:27,749 Technology ecosystem . That mission is 284 00:10:27,749 --> 00:10:29,971 to prevent strategic surprise by making 285 00:10:29,971 --> 00:10:32,027 pivotal investments and breakthrough 286 00:10:32,027 --> 00:10:34,082 technologies for national security . 287 00:10:34,082 --> 00:10:36,930 What that means is we anticipate create 288 00:10:36,940 --> 00:10:39,051 and demonstrate technologies that are 289 00:10:39,051 --> 00:10:40,996 nowhere on technology roadmaps and 290 00:10:40,996 --> 00:10:42,551 often outside most people's 291 00:10:42,551 --> 00:10:45,690 imaginations For over 60 years now in 292 00:10:45,690 --> 00:10:47,857 partnership with innovators inside and 293 00:10:47,857 --> 00:10:49,579 outside government , DARPA has 294 00:10:49,579 --> 00:10:51,690 repeatedly delivered on our mission . 295 00:10:51,740 --> 00:10:53,518 We've transformed revolutionary 296 00:10:53,518 --> 00:10:55,573 concepts and seeming impossibilities 297 00:10:55,573 --> 00:10:58,290 into practical capabilities . Examples 298 00:10:58,290 --> 00:11:00,530 of those capabilities include stealth 299 00:11:00,530 --> 00:11:03,060 technology , precision guided weapons , 300 00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:05,710 unmanned aerial vehicles as well as 301 00:11:05,710 --> 00:11:07,780 many icons of modern society such as 302 00:11:07,780 --> 00:11:09,680 the Internet , automated voice 303 00:11:09,680 --> 00:11:11,736 recognition and language translation 304 00:11:11,736 --> 00:11:13,958 and GPS receivers small enough to embed 305 00:11:13,958 --> 00:11:15,624 in nearly any consumer device 306 00:11:16,440 --> 00:11:18,496 technologies like these provide more 307 00:11:18,496 --> 00:11:20,551 options for our nation's leaders and 308 00:11:20,551 --> 00:11:22,890 the military services and today with 309 00:11:22,890 --> 00:11:24,946 increasingly complex challenges in a 310 00:11:24,946 --> 00:11:27,057 rapidly changing world . DARPA's role 311 00:11:27,057 --> 00:11:30,160 has never been more vital at DARPA . We 312 00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:32,160 think not just about scientific and 313 00:11:32,160 --> 00:11:34,160 engineering innovation though , but 314 00:11:34,160 --> 00:11:36,271 also about the innovation ecosystem . 315 00:11:36,840 --> 00:11:38,530 That ecosystem includes many 316 00:11:38,530 --> 00:11:40,586 overlapping and adjacent communities 317 00:11:40,586 --> 00:11:42,919 from academia , industry and government . 318 00:11:43,240 --> 00:11:45,351 It concludes , it includes everything 319 00:11:45,351 --> 00:11:47,351 from fundamental research to global 320 00:11:47,351 --> 00:11:49,518 scale systems of systems . It includes 321 00:11:49,518 --> 00:11:51,629 innovation not only in technology but 322 00:11:51,629 --> 00:11:53,796 in processes and transition strategies 323 00:11:53,796 --> 00:11:55,796 as well . And most importantly , it 324 00:11:55,796 --> 00:11:57,684 includes a rotating cast of DARPA 325 00:11:57,684 --> 00:11:59,907 program managers who come from and will 326 00:11:59,907 --> 00:12:02,129 return to the ecosystem and who seek to 327 00:12:02,129 --> 00:12:04,240 solve not just today's problems , but 328 00:12:04,240 --> 00:12:06,300 tomorrow's as well . One of the best 329 00:12:06,300 --> 00:12:08,300 illustrations of how DARPA works is 330 00:12:08,300 --> 00:12:10,790 related to the COVID-19 pandemic . So 331 00:12:10,790 --> 00:12:13,012 about five years ago when I was serving 332 00:12:13,012 --> 00:12:15,179 in a different role at DARPA , I spent 333 00:12:15,179 --> 00:12:17,179 a lot of time on the road trying to 334 00:12:17,179 --> 00:12:19,512 expand and diversify our performer base . 335 00:12:19,512 --> 00:12:21,679 One of the programs I talked about the 336 00:12:21,679 --> 00:12:23,679 most involved heavy investment into 337 00:12:23,679 --> 00:12:25,679 something called MRNA vaccines . So 338 00:12:25,679 --> 00:12:27,457 MRNA vaccines are pretty much a 339 00:12:27,457 --> 00:12:29,623 household word today , but at the time 340 00:12:29,623 --> 00:12:31,790 they were much , much more obscure and 341 00:12:31,790 --> 00:12:33,901 darkest investments were based on the 342 00:12:33,901 --> 00:12:36,068 insight of individual program managers 343 00:12:36,068 --> 00:12:38,068 who anticipated their need for both 344 00:12:38,068 --> 00:12:40,179 military and public health missions . 345 00:12:40,179 --> 00:12:42,401 The research that DARPA first initiated 346 00:12:42,401 --> 00:12:44,623 more than a decade ago is now playing a 347 00:12:44,623 --> 00:12:46,734 leading and catalytic role in today's 348 00:12:46,734 --> 00:12:48,734 fight against COVID-19 . In typical 349 00:12:48,734 --> 00:12:50,734 DARPA fashion , we made significant 350 00:12:50,734 --> 00:12:52,734 investments in the technology years 351 00:12:52,734 --> 00:12:52,360 before it was known to be needed , 352 00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:54,840 leading to high impact capabilities 353 00:12:54,840 --> 00:12:57,062 related to prevention , diagnostics and 354 00:12:57,062 --> 00:12:59,229 treatment that have helped to mitigate 355 00:12:59,229 --> 00:13:01,396 the current crisis . From vaccines and 356 00:13:01,396 --> 00:13:03,562 diagnostics to defensive and offensive 357 00:13:03,562 --> 00:13:05,618 hypersonic technologies state of the 358 00:13:05,618 --> 00:13:07,840 art , artificial intelligence , quantum 359 00:13:07,840 --> 00:13:10,062 systems , microelectronic solutions and 360 00:13:10,062 --> 00:13:12,062 much much more DARPA has forged new 361 00:13:12,062 --> 00:13:14,173 paths and continues to deliver on our 362 00:13:14,173 --> 00:13:16,173 mission . I look forward to working 363 00:13:16,173 --> 00:13:18,229 with the members of the subcommittee 364 00:13:18,229 --> 00:13:20,284 and others in Congress to ensure the 365 00:13:20,284 --> 00:13:22,507 security and resilience of our nation . 366 00:13:22,507 --> 00:13:21,860 And it would be most pleased to answer 367 00:13:21,860 --> 00:13:24,880 your questions . Thank you dr Thompson 368 00:13:24,880 --> 00:13:27,480 for your testimony because Senator 369 00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:29,380 Durbin has a commitment for the 370 00:13:29,490 --> 00:13:31,657 memorial service . I'm gonna recognize 371 00:13:31,657 --> 00:13:33,434 him for . Thanks very much . Mr 372 00:13:33,434 --> 00:13:35,657 Chairman and thank you to the witnesses 373 00:13:35,657 --> 00:13:37,768 who have joined us today . I guess my 374 00:13:37,768 --> 00:13:39,768 opening question is not going to be 375 00:13:39,768 --> 00:13:41,870 specific to any area of innovation , 376 00:13:41,880 --> 00:13:44,910 but just very generic . If you ask the 377 00:13:44,910 --> 00:13:47,040 Department of Defense in previous 378 00:13:47,040 --> 00:13:49,096 administrations and I'll bet in this 379 00:13:49,096 --> 00:13:51,770 one as well who are hard targets , who 380 00:13:51,770 --> 00:13:53,950 are major adversaries in the world , 381 00:13:54,110 --> 00:13:57,230 they would usually report for pretty 382 00:13:57,230 --> 00:14:00,790 obvious ones , China , Russia , north 383 00:14:00,790 --> 00:14:03,480 Korea and Iran . And then if you'd ask 384 00:14:03,480 --> 00:14:06,100 a follow up question , how much do each 385 00:14:06,110 --> 00:14:09,680 of these major uh adversaries 386 00:14:09,690 --> 00:14:12,330 spend in their annual budget for their 387 00:14:12,330 --> 00:14:14,880 military ? You would find numbers that 388 00:14:14,880 --> 00:14:18,460 range from very small to still very 389 00:14:18,460 --> 00:14:20,420 modest in comparison to the United 390 00:14:20,420 --> 00:14:22,990 States . And the reason I raised this 391 00:14:22,990 --> 00:14:25,010 question regularly is we spend more 392 00:14:25,010 --> 00:14:27,066 than all of the other nations in the 393 00:14:27,066 --> 00:14:30,950 world on defense and security . We 394 00:14:30,950 --> 00:14:33,172 certainly want to be safe as a nation , 395 00:14:33,172 --> 00:14:35,394 but it's our job here in this committee 396 00:14:35,394 --> 00:14:37,561 to ask a question , are we getting our 397 00:14:37,561 --> 00:14:39,672 money's worth out of this and when it 398 00:14:39,672 --> 00:14:41,728 comes to innovation and noticed Miss 399 00:14:41,728 --> 00:14:44,480 Mctwist in uh in your statement as well 400 00:14:44,480 --> 00:14:47,530 as uh the statement by dr Thompkins , 401 00:14:47,540 --> 00:14:49,762 there was reference to competition with 402 00:14:49,762 --> 00:14:52,330 adversaries . You would think when you 403 00:14:52,330 --> 00:14:54,386 consider the hundreds of billions of 404 00:14:54,386 --> 00:14:56,552 dollars that we spend each year , that 405 00:14:56,552 --> 00:14:58,608 that would hardly ever be the case . 406 00:14:58,608 --> 00:15:00,774 It's like a high school team regularly 407 00:15:00,774 --> 00:15:02,997 beating the new york Yankees . You just 408 00:15:02,997 --> 00:15:05,052 don't expect that to happen when you 409 00:15:05,052 --> 00:15:07,108 compare the resources that are being 410 00:15:07,108 --> 00:15:09,219 dedicated . Can you put innovation in 411 00:15:09,219 --> 00:15:11,441 that context and ask whether or not our 412 00:15:11,441 --> 00:15:13,830 investment in innovation gives us a 413 00:15:13,840 --> 00:15:16,950 natural lead , an acquired lead uh in 414 00:15:16,950 --> 00:15:19,550 this competition that the budget 415 00:15:19,550 --> 00:15:23,430 figures belie I will 416 00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:25,910 I will take that answer . Um We're very 417 00:15:25,910 --> 00:15:28,330 lucky . We just started the innovation 418 00:15:28,330 --> 00:15:31,460 steering group under uh Deputy 419 00:15:31,460 --> 00:15:34,880 Secretary Hicks . And what we're doing 420 00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:37,102 in innovation is looking across the D . 421 00:15:37,102 --> 00:15:40,450 O . D . As transfer , transforming a 422 00:15:40,450 --> 00:15:43,260 lot of the processes in order to be 423 00:15:43,270 --> 00:15:46,250 better adopters of technology and to 424 00:15:46,740 --> 00:15:49,460 more efficiently and rapidly modernized . 425 00:15:50,240 --> 00:15:53,740 Our services have the burden 426 00:15:53,740 --> 00:15:56,150 sometimes of having the legacy city 427 00:15:56,640 --> 00:15:59,250 systems and the newer technologies and 428 00:15:59,250 --> 00:16:01,472 disruptive technologies coming on board 429 00:16:01,472 --> 00:16:04,550 were moving modernization ahead but we 430 00:16:04,550 --> 00:16:06,850 need , we can always do it better and 431 00:16:06,850 --> 00:16:09,310 more innovatively . We have when I 432 00:16:09,310 --> 00:16:11,366 think of innovation , I think of two 433 00:16:11,366 --> 00:16:13,960 things efficiency and effectiveness . 434 00:16:14,340 --> 00:16:17,650 So efficiency is doing things right and 435 00:16:17,650 --> 00:16:20,360 effectiveness is doing the right thing . 436 00:16:21,240 --> 00:16:23,351 So with the range of new technologies 437 00:16:23,351 --> 00:16:26,340 that can be adopted at a greater speed 438 00:16:26,340 --> 00:16:29,370 for us , I believe that we can come up 439 00:16:29,380 --> 00:16:33,090 to par and actually exceed market and 440 00:16:33,090 --> 00:16:35,090 our competitors . So I've read some 441 00:16:35,090 --> 00:16:38,470 histories of DARPA pentagon's brain and 442 00:16:38,480 --> 00:16:40,960 books like that . Very impressive . And 443 00:16:40,960 --> 00:16:43,620 I noticed that time and again there was 444 00:16:43,620 --> 00:16:46,360 disruptive thinking and planning and 445 00:16:46,360 --> 00:16:48,527 some of it fell flat on its face , but 446 00:16:48,527 --> 00:16:50,638 that's to be expected . So I guess my 447 00:16:50,638 --> 00:16:53,130 question is as we fund things already 448 00:16:53,130 --> 00:16:55,860 discovered in mass with massive amounts 449 00:16:55,860 --> 00:16:59,340 of taxpayers dollars . Uh , how do you 450 00:16:59,340 --> 00:17:01,260 combat the fighting the last War 451 00:17:01,260 --> 00:17:05,080 syndrome ? Uh , establishment syndrome 452 00:17:05,080 --> 00:17:07,247 that says we've got to keep doing more 453 00:17:07,247 --> 00:17:09,302 of what we've done before . Uh , and 454 00:17:09,302 --> 00:17:11,610 how do you get into a symmetrical 455 00:17:11,610 --> 00:17:14,170 thinking in an establishment as large 456 00:17:14,170 --> 00:17:16,114 as the Department of Defense , the 457 00:17:16,114 --> 00:17:18,337 disruptive innovation unit that we have 458 00:17:18,337 --> 00:17:20,650 under research and engineering has that 459 00:17:20,650 --> 00:17:22,650 mission entirely because they're 460 00:17:22,650 --> 00:17:24,594 working with the National Security 461 00:17:24,594 --> 00:17:26,483 Innovation Network , the National 462 00:17:26,483 --> 00:17:28,880 Security Capital and bringing in market 463 00:17:28,880 --> 00:17:30,602 innovations and commercialized 464 00:17:30,602 --> 00:17:33,250 technologies With the activities today . 465 00:17:33,250 --> 00:17:36,600 They have 189 companies now on contract , 466 00:17:36,610 --> 00:17:40,070 75 are small business , 32 or first 467 00:17:40,070 --> 00:17:42,280 time vendors and 10 have already 468 00:17:42,280 --> 00:17:45,160 transitioned into military use . And 469 00:17:45,160 --> 00:17:48,060 that's the key to be flexible and to 470 00:17:48,060 --> 00:17:50,640 work at speed at commercial speed in 471 00:17:50,640 --> 00:17:52,529 order to integrate the technology 472 00:17:52,529 --> 00:17:54,696 rapidly into the service . At the same 473 00:17:54,696 --> 00:17:56,807 time , we need to understand what the 474 00:17:56,807 --> 00:17:58,990 disruptive technology can mean for our 475 00:17:58,990 --> 00:18:01,230 advantage and also for the needs within 476 00:18:01,230 --> 00:18:03,910 the military . So war gaming and 477 00:18:03,910 --> 00:18:05,632 putting together exercises and 478 00:18:05,632 --> 00:18:08,140 demonstration to show what could be 479 00:18:08,140 --> 00:18:10,690 capable , capable , as DARPA can show 480 00:18:10,690 --> 00:18:12,912 you a lot of times we put the needs and 481 00:18:12,912 --> 00:18:14,634 the requirements forward . But 482 00:18:14,634 --> 00:18:17,100 oftentimes the newer technology is a 483 00:18:17,100 --> 00:18:19,470 capability that no one even concede 484 00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:21,647 would have been possible . So it's the 485 00:18:21,647 --> 00:18:23,869 merging of the future with the needs of 486 00:18:23,869 --> 00:18:25,536 today that actually will keep 487 00:18:25,536 --> 00:18:27,758 technology in the leading edge and keep 488 00:18:27,758 --> 00:18:29,980 us competitive with the national 489 00:18:29,980 --> 00:18:32,140 security and the economic security of 490 00:18:32,140 --> 00:18:34,362 our country . Thank you . Mr Chairman , 491 00:18:34,940 --> 00:18:37,830 Senator Shelby . Thank you . Mr . 492 00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:40,052 Chairman , thank you for this hearing . 493 00:18:40,052 --> 00:18:43,180 I think it's very important uh as I 494 00:18:43,180 --> 00:18:45,402 said earlier , I don't know what we can 495 00:18:45,402 --> 00:18:47,750 get into its sensitive in this open 496 00:18:47,760 --> 00:18:50,020 hearing today , but the chairman is 497 00:18:50,030 --> 00:18:52,650 indicated that we will have a closed 498 00:18:52,650 --> 00:18:55,230 hearing and hopefully get you back and 499 00:18:55,240 --> 00:18:57,970 so forth . In the area of quantum and 500 00:18:57,970 --> 00:19:00,230 artificial intelligence china and 501 00:19:00,230 --> 00:19:02,230 Russia . You know , we all know and 502 00:19:02,230 --> 00:19:04,397 advancing their military technology is 503 00:19:04,397 --> 00:19:06,430 always and increasing their defense 504 00:19:06,430 --> 00:19:10,010 budgets at alarming rates . How is the 505 00:19:10,010 --> 00:19:12,290 department continued to reform his 506 00:19:12,290 --> 00:19:15,660 processes and investment decisions to 507 00:19:15,660 --> 00:19:18,380 ensure that the US will maintain the 508 00:19:18,380 --> 00:19:21,290 technical dominance necessary to deter 509 00:19:21,290 --> 00:19:23,710 our adversaries . And what can you 510 00:19:23,710 --> 00:19:25,877 speak to in this area ? I don't know . 511 00:19:25,877 --> 00:19:28,099 Well , there's a there's a few things I 512 00:19:28,099 --> 00:19:30,870 can speak to you . We have been looking 513 00:19:30,870 --> 00:19:33,050 at quantum from the scientific side 514 00:19:33,060 --> 00:19:35,640 probably at least 20 years or more , 515 00:19:35,650 --> 00:19:38,050 but we've had success such on high 516 00:19:38,050 --> 00:19:41,740 important quantum computing is if we 517 00:19:41,740 --> 00:19:44,210 can ever work it all out and it's also 518 00:19:44,210 --> 00:19:46,266 important to our adversaries , is it 519 00:19:46,266 --> 00:19:49,520 not ? Yes , actually , the future of 520 00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:52,950 network network technology and security 521 00:19:52,960 --> 00:19:55,380 uh will greatly rely on quantum 522 00:19:55,380 --> 00:19:59,130 technology and DARPA I know 523 00:19:59,130 --> 00:20:01,297 has had initiatives in this area . I'm 524 00:20:01,297 --> 00:20:03,297 happy to say that a lot of them are 525 00:20:03,297 --> 00:20:05,352 starting to see commercialization as 526 00:20:05,352 --> 00:20:07,660 well . So I think our investment in 527 00:20:07,660 --> 00:20:11,060 that area is starting to pay off so um 528 00:20:11,540 --> 00:20:13,484 I think you will actually see more 529 00:20:13,484 --> 00:20:15,262 activity on there . Some of the 530 00:20:15,262 --> 00:20:17,096 technologies we can brief you in 531 00:20:17,096 --> 00:20:20,230 another venue . What trade offs in the 532 00:20:20,230 --> 00:20:23,750 area of hyper sonics are we having to 533 00:20:23,750 --> 00:20:26,130 make as it relates to weapon 534 00:20:26,130 --> 00:20:29,420 development and fielding which would 535 00:20:29,420 --> 00:20:32,270 come with it ? Uh due to resource 536 00:20:32,270 --> 00:20:35,470 constraints , are you getting what you 537 00:20:35,470 --> 00:20:39,160 need at DARPA for this sensitive , very 538 00:20:39,160 --> 00:20:43,010 important research ? Yes , sir , 539 00:20:43,090 --> 00:20:46,760 in to the extent that I can go ahead 540 00:20:46,770 --> 00:20:50,670 discuss this in this hearing . Um 541 00:20:50,680 --> 00:20:52,513 the support that we have for our 542 00:20:52,513 --> 00:20:54,569 hypersonic programs , both offensive 543 00:20:54,569 --> 00:20:57,070 and defensive um is adequate and we can 544 00:20:57,080 --> 00:20:59,136 we can go into more details on trade 545 00:20:59,136 --> 00:21:00,770 offs in a different venue . 546 00:21:03,440 --> 00:21:06,980 Okay , In the area of space development , 547 00:21:06,990 --> 00:21:09,730 uh two years ago , the Space 548 00:21:09,730 --> 00:21:11,619 Development agency was created to 549 00:21:11,619 --> 00:21:14,130 accelerate the development and fielding 550 00:21:14,140 --> 00:21:15,880 of the next generation space 551 00:21:15,880 --> 00:21:19,110 capabilities . Where are we there today ? 552 00:21:19,120 --> 00:21:23,030 And where our adversaries ? Well , I'm 553 00:21:23,030 --> 00:21:24,970 happy to say for what the space 554 00:21:24,970 --> 00:21:27,260 Development agency has put together is 555 00:21:27,260 --> 00:21:28,871 rapidly developing new space 556 00:21:28,871 --> 00:21:31,350 architectures and at commercial 557 00:21:31,350 --> 00:21:33,950 development processes in alignment with 558 00:21:33,960 --> 00:21:36,210 capabilities and speed . We're 559 00:21:36,210 --> 00:21:37,988 integrating ground stations for 560 00:21:37,988 --> 00:21:39,932 advanced data links at Fort Greely 561 00:21:39,932 --> 00:21:41,932 Alaska . We're working with putting 562 00:21:41,932 --> 00:21:44,560 forward constructive disruptors for 563 00:21:44,560 --> 00:21:46,960 operations . At leo the first satellite 564 00:21:46,960 --> 00:21:49,016 demonstrations for communication are 565 00:21:49,016 --> 00:21:52,640 scheduled for fy 22 and working on 566 00:21:52,650 --> 00:21:54,820 what I would call commercial speeds , 567 00:21:54,830 --> 00:21:57,890 commercial launch speeds and putting 568 00:21:57,890 --> 00:22:00,112 setting up satellite operations , Grand 569 00:22:00,112 --> 00:22:03,500 Forks and at Redstone arsenal . I 570 00:22:03,510 --> 00:22:06,060 really do believe that the speed and 571 00:22:06,060 --> 00:22:08,116 adaptation of spiral development and 572 00:22:08,116 --> 00:22:10,004 what we already see in commercial 573 00:22:10,004 --> 00:22:12,480 launch processes is where we need to 574 00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:15,610 step up uh in in timing for being able 575 00:22:15,610 --> 00:22:18,360 to put our capability up in space . So 576 00:22:18,370 --> 00:22:21,750 again , if we want to talk specifics on 577 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:24,300 where we are tactically another venue , 578 00:22:24,310 --> 00:22:26,580 we would be happy to to go into that . 579 00:22:26,590 --> 00:22:29,740 Thank you . Dr Thompkins uh in the area 580 00:22:29,740 --> 00:22:33,640 of cyber technology . Uh hi , important 581 00:22:33,650 --> 00:22:37,370 is quantum computing and hopefully a 582 00:22:37,380 --> 00:22:40,060 good research coming out of there . 583 00:22:40,070 --> 00:22:42,460 What will that do for us hopefully do 584 00:22:42,460 --> 00:22:45,370 for us in the area 585 00:22:46,940 --> 00:22:49,330 in cyber technology ? Um , Quantum 586 00:22:49,330 --> 00:22:51,930 computing offers a a few different 587 00:22:51,940 --> 00:22:54,410 opportunity spaces . One obviously is 588 00:22:54,410 --> 00:22:56,410 in the area of quantum encryption , 589 00:22:56,410 --> 00:22:58,410 which I think has been most broadly 590 00:22:58,410 --> 00:23:00,577 discussed . Um The other I think is in 591 00:23:00,577 --> 00:23:02,466 the area of quantum computing and 592 00:23:02,466 --> 00:23:04,880 simulation , which then allows us um to 593 00:23:04,890 --> 00:23:07,001 solve different kinds of optimization 594 00:23:07,340 --> 00:23:10,270 and sort of complexity type problems , 595 00:23:10,270 --> 00:23:12,950 which would allow us to focus on um 596 00:23:13,540 --> 00:23:16,420 analyzing , understanding modeling and 597 00:23:16,420 --> 00:23:18,450 predicting a much wider range of 598 00:23:18,450 --> 00:23:20,620 potential cyber behaviors and 599 00:23:20,620 --> 00:23:22,842 activities and then similarly defending 600 00:23:22,842 --> 00:23:25,520 against them Tompkins . One more 601 00:23:25,520 --> 00:23:27,610 question if I could in the area of 602 00:23:27,610 --> 00:23:30,480 hyper sonics , uh we all know that 603 00:23:30,490 --> 00:23:32,800 we've got a challenge there as far as 604 00:23:32,810 --> 00:23:35,260 developing the hypersonic offensive 605 00:23:35,260 --> 00:23:37,780 weapon and also defending against it . 606 00:23:37,790 --> 00:23:41,100 Uh where are we today ? And 607 00:23:41,110 --> 00:23:44,290 how what kind of time frame do you 608 00:23:44,290 --> 00:23:46,690 think we have before ? We can really 609 00:23:46,690 --> 00:23:49,240 feel what we need for security of the 610 00:23:49,240 --> 00:23:53,040 country . So , DARPA 611 00:23:53,040 --> 00:23:55,370 has two initiatives in the defensive 612 00:23:55,380 --> 00:23:58,470 hypersonic arena , details of both . 613 00:23:58,480 --> 00:24:00,369 Obviously as you have mentioned , 614 00:24:00,369 --> 00:24:02,258 you're going to have to go into a 615 00:24:02,258 --> 00:24:04,258 different session . Um There is one 616 00:24:04,258 --> 00:24:06,258 very specifically the program glide 617 00:24:06,258 --> 00:24:08,424 breaker in which we're working closely 618 00:24:08,424 --> 00:24:11,770 with N . D . A . Um to um 619 00:24:13,040 --> 00:24:15,760 d risk certain key aspects of the 620 00:24:15,760 --> 00:24:19,040 overall technology space , the timing 621 00:24:19,040 --> 00:24:21,670 of exactly when the transition of those 622 00:24:21,670 --> 00:24:23,726 technologies would go into a broader 623 00:24:23,726 --> 00:24:26,030 end to end system I think is a broader 624 00:24:26,040 --> 00:24:28,670 is both a conversation that goes beyond 625 00:24:28,670 --> 00:24:32,500 just DARPA but also does require um the 626 00:24:32,500 --> 00:24:34,444 ability to talk , you know , close 627 00:24:34,444 --> 00:24:36,556 setting . Thank you . Mr . Chairman . 628 00:24:36,556 --> 00:24:38,611 Thank you for your indulgence . Yeah 629 00:24:38,611 --> 00:24:40,444 thank you . Senator Shelby Mismo 630 00:24:40,444 --> 00:24:44,190 Kristen . Um I want to touch on a 631 00:24:44,190 --> 00:24:46,412 couple of things . Only touch on number 632 00:24:46,412 --> 00:24:48,412 one our competitiveness compared to 633 00:24:48,412 --> 00:24:51,060 where we were five or 10 years ago and 634 00:24:51,070 --> 00:24:54,960 how you assess how you assess our 635 00:24:54,960 --> 00:24:57,230 success . I know you talked about war 636 00:24:57,230 --> 00:24:59,286 gaming but I want to get into that a 637 00:24:59,286 --> 00:25:01,286 little more . But let's let's let's 638 00:25:01,286 --> 00:25:03,508 start with our competitiveness compared 639 00:25:03,508 --> 00:25:05,786 to where we were . Are we ahead behind ? 640 00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:08,930 I think the United States is one of the 641 00:25:08,930 --> 00:25:12,090 best innovators of technology overall I 642 00:25:12,090 --> 00:25:14,400 think . But we have some of the 643 00:25:14,400 --> 00:25:16,690 brightest people , the determination , 644 00:25:16,700 --> 00:25:18,756 the freedom , the flexible financial 645 00:25:18,756 --> 00:25:22,370 systems and the determination to really 646 00:25:22,370 --> 00:25:24,990 succeed to match that with the 647 00:25:24,990 --> 00:25:27,212 Department of Defense . We need to have 648 00:25:27,212 --> 00:25:30,310 the same innovative culture as we have 649 00:25:30,310 --> 00:25:32,890 in our commercial industry . That's why 650 00:25:32,900 --> 00:25:36,290 adoption of commercial technology at 651 00:25:36,300 --> 00:25:39,460 the speed of which activities occur in 652 00:25:39,460 --> 00:25:41,640 the commercial world will be critical 653 00:25:41,650 --> 00:25:45,380 to more rapidly be able to gain the 654 00:25:45,390 --> 00:25:48,180 capabilities that the new technology 655 00:25:48,180 --> 00:25:50,124 and modernization will give to the 656 00:25:50,124 --> 00:25:52,430 military . We are in a good position , 657 00:25:52,430 --> 00:25:54,541 but we can always be in a much better 658 00:25:54,541 --> 00:25:57,050 one . So is it fair to say about what 659 00:25:57,050 --> 00:25:59,260 you've just said that we are more 660 00:25:59,260 --> 00:26:01,427 competitive today than we were five or 661 00:26:01,427 --> 00:26:05,220 10 years ago ? I believe we 662 00:26:05,220 --> 00:26:07,331 are and I believe it's because we are 663 00:26:07,331 --> 00:26:09,950 modernizing . And then how do you 664 00:26:09,950 --> 00:26:12,006 assess that competitiveness ? How do 665 00:26:12,006 --> 00:26:14,280 you access um , you know , defining 666 00:26:14,280 --> 00:26:17,680 where we're at ? Well , you know , in a , 667 00:26:17,690 --> 00:26:19,857 in an open session along this line , I 668 00:26:19,857 --> 00:26:21,968 would , I would actually point to the 669 00:26:21,968 --> 00:26:23,912 vaccine technology . These we've , 670 00:26:23,912 --> 00:26:25,912 we've been thinking a lot about new 671 00:26:25,912 --> 00:26:28,023 frontiers , about challenges that the 672 00:26:28,023 --> 00:26:31,070 world is facing right now and uh , 673 00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:33,024 we've been thinking about them and 674 00:26:33,024 --> 00:26:34,913 doing things for a while . And so 675 00:26:34,913 --> 00:26:36,691 surprises never come disruptive 676 00:26:36,691 --> 00:26:38,858 technology never comes out of the blue 677 00:26:38,858 --> 00:26:42,450 DARPA has been are great a 678 00:26:42,460 --> 00:26:45,050 jewel in being able to anticipate these 679 00:26:45,050 --> 00:26:48,220 things and start the technology 680 00:26:48,220 --> 00:26:51,920 ecosystem in new new capabilities that 681 00:26:51,920 --> 00:26:54,680 have really been transformational for 682 00:26:54,680 --> 00:26:58,240 the United States . Okay , so one more 683 00:26:58,240 --> 00:27:00,260 and that is innovative technologies 684 00:27:00,260 --> 00:27:03,670 cover a wide range how we prioritize , 685 00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:05,750 how are we prioritizing those 686 00:27:05,750 --> 00:27:09,290 investments ? And could you give me a 687 00:27:09,290 --> 00:27:11,460 preview of the administration's 688 00:27:11,460 --> 00:27:13,349 priorities ? They may be the same 689 00:27:13,349 --> 00:27:16,840 answer for both questions . The office 690 00:27:16,840 --> 00:27:18,729 at research and engineering . The 691 00:27:18,729 --> 00:27:20,920 Office of Modernization currently has 692 00:27:20,930 --> 00:27:24,880 11 priorities . Are they fold into a 693 00:27:24,880 --> 00:27:27,490 lot of what is going on relative to 694 00:27:27,490 --> 00:27:31,030 being able to add capabilities such as 695 00:27:31,030 --> 00:27:35,000 in a i hyper sonics , Other areas of 696 00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:37,200 the 11 modernization techniques . Some 697 00:27:37,200 --> 00:27:39,990 of them will be more mature and able to 698 00:27:39,990 --> 00:27:42,810 have rapid adaptation . Other 699 00:27:42,810 --> 00:27:46,620 technologies will need more time based 700 00:27:46,620 --> 00:27:49,110 on its development . That said , I do 701 00:27:49,110 --> 00:27:51,520 believe we can move faster to adopt 702 00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:53,740 those technologies with regards to 703 00:27:53,740 --> 00:27:55,184 where they stand with the 704 00:27:55,184 --> 00:27:57,018 administration . As Secretary of 705 00:27:57,018 --> 00:27:58,962 Defense and the prioritization . I 706 00:27:58,962 --> 00:28:01,660 would defer to to the agency overall . 707 00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:05,930 Okay , Dr Tompkins . DARPA 708 00:28:05,930 --> 00:28:07,597 invented the internet for the 709 00:28:07,597 --> 00:28:09,597 Department Defense . It was adapted 710 00:28:09,597 --> 00:28:12,850 adopted worldwide . Um , you talked 711 00:28:12,850 --> 00:28:16,850 about the uh M RNA vaccines . Are you 712 00:28:16,850 --> 00:28:19,170 working on any other technologies that 713 00:28:19,180 --> 00:28:20,902 have broader appeal beyond the 714 00:28:20,902 --> 00:28:23,570 Department of Defense ? Dr thomas 715 00:28:23,570 --> 00:28:26,320 certainly . Um , One example would be 716 00:28:26,320 --> 00:28:28,500 work that we're doing in 5G 717 00:28:28,510 --> 00:28:32,170 technologies for communications . So um 718 00:28:32,840 --> 00:28:35,070 no five G is one of those areas which 719 00:28:35,070 --> 00:28:37,180 suffers a little bit from siloed 720 00:28:37,190 --> 00:28:39,650 proprietary sort of vendor driven 721 00:28:39,660 --> 00:28:42,160 capabilities . And so , DARPA has a 722 00:28:42,160 --> 00:28:44,490 program called open programmable and 723 00:28:44,490 --> 00:28:46,940 secure if I G . Which intends , which 724 00:28:46,950 --> 00:28:48,839 basically seeks to create an open 725 00:28:48,839 --> 00:28:51,540 source um five G capability which would 726 00:28:51,550 --> 00:28:54,040 open up Um both from military 727 00:28:54,040 --> 00:28:56,151 perspectives and also ultimately from 728 00:28:56,151 --> 00:28:58,262 commercial economic perspectives , um 729 00:28:58,262 --> 00:29:01,860 the power of 5G for a whole range of 730 00:29:01,870 --> 00:29:04,580 sort of dual use capabilities . All 731 00:29:04,580 --> 00:29:06,691 right , I'm going to go to uh Senator 732 00:29:06,691 --> 00:29:10,530 Moran . Mhm Mr 733 00:29:10,530 --> 00:29:12,697 Chairman . Thank you very much . Thank 734 00:29:12,697 --> 00:29:14,863 both of our witnesses for joining us . 735 00:29:14,863 --> 00:29:18,350 Let me begin by asking a question of dr 736 00:29:18,350 --> 00:29:20,700 Thompkins about cybersecurity . 737 00:29:22,400 --> 00:29:24,622 This has been a priority of mine and we 738 00:29:24,622 --> 00:29:26,844 have lots of reasons for that to be the 739 00:29:26,844 --> 00:29:28,956 case , it's important . But could you 740 00:29:28,956 --> 00:29:31,230 describe for me the how mosaics and 741 00:29:31,230 --> 00:29:33,286 other related cyber initiatives will 742 00:29:33,286 --> 00:29:35,870 not only support the department's cyber 743 00:29:35,870 --> 00:29:38,170 defense , but the industrial partners 744 00:29:38,170 --> 00:29:40,059 that are critical to our nation's 745 00:29:40,059 --> 00:29:43,260 security . Certainly , 746 00:29:43,940 --> 00:29:47,320 so DARPA has a fairly large number of 747 00:29:47,320 --> 00:29:49,376 different programs focusing on cyber 748 00:29:49,376 --> 00:29:51,320 security um with priorities in the 749 00:29:51,320 --> 00:29:54,190 areas of prevention , so things like 750 00:29:54,190 --> 00:29:56,670 network operations analytics um and as 751 00:29:56,670 --> 00:29:59,340 well as looking at topics in the area 752 00:29:59,350 --> 00:30:02,770 of attack , attribution and graceful 753 00:30:02,770 --> 00:30:04,900 degradation and recovery . Because we 754 00:30:04,900 --> 00:30:07,550 do understand that um as strong as we 755 00:30:07,550 --> 00:30:09,550 are in defense , we also have to be 756 00:30:09,550 --> 00:30:11,661 prepared for the attack that does get 757 00:30:11,661 --> 00:30:13,550 through . In those cases they are 758 00:30:13,550 --> 00:30:15,717 looking not only at military systems , 759 00:30:15,717 --> 00:30:17,772 but they translate very naturally to 760 00:30:17,772 --> 00:30:19,883 corporate systems . They translate to 761 00:30:19,883 --> 00:30:22,217 infrastructure systems such as you know , 762 00:30:22,217 --> 00:30:24,383 the power grid , water supply security 763 00:30:24,383 --> 00:30:27,860 um and many others are those 764 00:30:27,860 --> 00:30:29,860 programs receiving the support they 765 00:30:29,860 --> 00:30:32,950 need to deploy new capabilities to from 766 00:30:32,950 --> 00:30:36,590 the lab to the force . Yes sir , I do 767 00:30:36,590 --> 00:30:38,830 believe they are when one of the really 768 00:30:38,830 --> 00:30:40,997 nice things about cyber technologies , 769 00:30:40,997 --> 00:30:43,108 especially if they are mainly focused 770 00:30:43,108 --> 00:30:45,108 on software is that they transition 771 00:30:45,108 --> 00:30:46,997 much more naturally and much more 772 00:30:46,997 --> 00:30:49,163 quickly than a lot of hardware focused 773 00:30:49,163 --> 00:30:51,274 technologies . So some of these again 774 00:30:51,274 --> 00:30:53,441 are things we would have to discuss in 775 00:30:53,441 --> 00:30:55,386 a different venue , but we have um 776 00:30:55,386 --> 00:30:57,552 excellent collaboration , particularly 777 00:30:57,552 --> 00:30:59,663 with organizations like cyber command 778 00:30:59,663 --> 00:31:01,830 where we often go in to demonstrate an 779 00:31:01,830 --> 00:31:03,886 experimental capability and can very 780 00:31:03,886 --> 00:31:05,886 quickly turn it into something that 781 00:31:05,886 --> 00:31:08,108 transitions to their operational use in 782 00:31:08,108 --> 00:31:08,040 the course of a program . Doctor . 783 00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:10,610 Thank you very much . Mrs kristen , let 784 00:31:10,610 --> 00:31:12,721 me follow up with what Senator Shelby 785 00:31:12,721 --> 00:31:14,800 was conversing with you about hyper 786 00:31:14,800 --> 00:31:18,330 sonics . Can you please provide an 787 00:31:18,340 --> 00:31:20,230 update on the industrial base 788 00:31:20,240 --> 00:31:22,240 partnerships that diode has entered 789 00:31:22,240 --> 00:31:24,390 into support carbon carbon 790 00:31:24,390 --> 00:31:28,340 manufacturing initiatives , additive 791 00:31:28,340 --> 00:31:30,820 manufacturing for hypersonic has been 792 00:31:30,820 --> 00:31:33,360 key . In fact , it's been a real 793 00:31:33,360 --> 00:31:35,527 enabler and commercial technologies as 794 00:31:35,527 --> 00:31:37,730 well . Um it's not only sort of the 795 00:31:37,730 --> 00:31:39,660 breakthrough technology for hyper 796 00:31:39,660 --> 00:31:41,827 sonics but it's also being used in the 797 00:31:41,827 --> 00:31:43,493 automotive industry to really 798 00:31:43,493 --> 00:31:46,630 dramatically change fuel efficiency . I 799 00:31:46,640 --> 00:31:49,200 personally have not had the time to go 800 00:31:49,200 --> 00:31:51,256 through other agreements that we may 801 00:31:51,256 --> 00:31:53,422 have within the industry , but I would 802 00:31:53,422 --> 00:31:55,422 welcome that opportunity to look to 803 00:31:55,422 --> 00:31:57,478 come back to you with the details on 804 00:31:57,478 --> 00:31:57,430 that . Would welcome further 805 00:31:57,430 --> 00:31:59,110 conversations with you as our 806 00:31:59,110 --> 00:32:01,332 hypersonic batteries come online and we 807 00:32:01,332 --> 00:32:03,110 begin to manufacture hypersonic 808 00:32:03,110 --> 00:32:05,054 missiles to scale . Do we have the 809 00:32:05,054 --> 00:32:06,666 industrial based capacity to 810 00:32:06,666 --> 00:32:10,240 manufacture its scale ? I believe we do . 811 00:32:10,250 --> 00:32:12,083 I believe that we are up for the 812 00:32:12,083 --> 00:32:14,306 challenge and can meet it . So what are 813 00:32:14,306 --> 00:32:16,880 the , what are the challenges that we 814 00:32:16,880 --> 00:32:19,260 have in in ramping up our production ? 815 00:32:19,740 --> 00:32:21,962 Well right now we have a road map as to 816 00:32:21,962 --> 00:32:24,340 where we're moving it for fielding and 817 00:32:24,340 --> 00:32:27,460 production use . It is moving ahead 818 00:32:27,470 --> 00:32:30,050 and I'm unaware of any specific 819 00:32:30,050 --> 00:32:32,328 challenge that we might have right now . 820 00:32:32,328 --> 00:32:34,661 I'd appreciate additional conversations . 821 00:32:34,661 --> 00:32:36,828 Maybe we can have a a meeting room , I 822 00:32:36,828 --> 00:32:38,606 think in another venue we could 823 00:32:38,606 --> 00:32:40,939 actually get into more detail . Exactly . 824 00:32:40,939 --> 00:32:43,161 Thank you . Let me ask a final question 825 00:32:43,161 --> 00:32:45,740 of this one about space . I now co 826 00:32:45,740 --> 00:32:47,907 chair of the Senate Space Force Caucus 827 00:32:47,907 --> 00:32:50,129 with the ranking and the ranking member 828 00:32:50,129 --> 00:32:51,684 of the C . J . S , the Nasa 829 00:32:51,684 --> 00:32:54,110 appropriations subcommittee along with 830 00:32:54,110 --> 00:32:56,840 Senator Shaheen . How is your office 831 00:32:56,840 --> 00:32:59,007 working with commercial and government 832 00:32:59,007 --> 00:33:01,229 partners to make certain that satellite 833 00:33:01,229 --> 00:33:04,000 constellations remain secure from cyber 834 00:33:04,000 --> 00:33:06,420 and kinetic attacks ? Um That's very 835 00:33:06,420 --> 00:33:09,010 important to us uh and looking at that . 836 00:33:09,010 --> 00:33:12,160 In fact recently we had used adopted 837 00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:15,020 commercial processes which often in the 838 00:33:15,020 --> 00:33:17,660 past , financial institutes would use 839 00:33:17,670 --> 00:33:21,190 to uh basically open up a satellite 840 00:33:21,190 --> 00:33:23,523 opportunity to hack a sack we called it . 841 00:33:23,640 --> 00:33:25,751 Um , so you could have hackers try to 842 00:33:25,751 --> 00:33:29,200 break in and disrupt uh options of the 843 00:33:29,200 --> 00:33:31,256 satellite . This has actually been a 844 00:33:31,256 --> 00:33:34,150 very good learning platform uh and to 845 00:33:34,160 --> 00:33:36,327 strengthen our own security within our 846 00:33:36,327 --> 00:33:38,560 satellite systems . So again , adopting 847 00:33:38,560 --> 00:33:41,400 both commercial and uh and putting 848 00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:44,110 together new technologies for defensive 849 00:33:44,110 --> 00:33:46,620 security operations within leo and our 850 00:33:46,620 --> 00:33:48,731 satellite operations is going to be a 851 00:33:48,731 --> 00:33:50,970 very high priority for the Department 852 00:33:50,970 --> 00:33:53,280 of Defense . Thank you . Mr . Chairman . 853 00:33:53,280 --> 00:33:56,070 Thank you . Thank you . Senator and 854 00:33:56,070 --> 00:33:59,590 Senator baldwin . Thank you . Mr 855 00:33:59,590 --> 00:34:03,130 Chairman . Um Our military is reliant 856 00:34:03,130 --> 00:34:05,450 on lithium ion batteries to power 857 00:34:05,450 --> 00:34:08,040 critical systems , including planned 858 00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:11,050 energy intensive applications like 859 00:34:11,050 --> 00:34:13,560 advanced radars and sensors . 860 00:34:14,140 --> 00:34:17,130 Unfortunately , we are also reliant on 861 00:34:17,130 --> 00:34:19,560 foreign companies , including in china 862 00:34:19,940 --> 00:34:21,829 for components that go into these 863 00:34:21,829 --> 00:34:24,540 batteries . We have really struggled to 864 00:34:24,540 --> 00:34:26,500 stand up domestic R . And D . 865 00:34:26,500 --> 00:34:29,020 Capability to discover and validate new 866 00:34:29,020 --> 00:34:31,570 battery chemistries and technologies 867 00:34:31,580 --> 00:34:33,524 that would improve performance and 868 00:34:33,524 --> 00:34:36,150 safety and reduce costs for both 869 00:34:36,150 --> 00:34:38,760 military and commercial applications . 870 00:34:38,770 --> 00:34:41,600 And currently most of that innovation 871 00:34:41,600 --> 00:34:44,030 and resulting intellectual property is 872 00:34:44,030 --> 00:34:46,900 happening in ASia . On this latter 873 00:34:46,900 --> 00:34:49,090 point , I believe the U . S . Needs to 874 00:34:49,090 --> 00:34:51,990 build a robust independent commercial 875 00:34:51,990 --> 00:34:54,390 cell development and testing capability 876 00:34:54,400 --> 00:34:56,800 to support advanced battery 877 00:34:56,800 --> 00:34:58,700 technologies needed for military 878 00:34:58,700 --> 00:35:01,630 systems and commercial applications 879 00:35:01,630 --> 00:35:04,240 like electric vehicles and electric 880 00:35:04,250 --> 00:35:07,330 grid storage . Miss my question . I 881 00:35:07,330 --> 00:35:09,552 would like to hear your thoughts on how 882 00:35:09,552 --> 00:35:12,110 D . O . D . Can make investments to 883 00:35:12,110 --> 00:35:15,020 address these challenges and support 884 00:35:15,030 --> 00:35:17,360 next generation battery technology 885 00:35:18,640 --> 00:35:21,240 safe uses of lithium batteries actually 886 00:35:21,240 --> 00:35:24,810 has been a priority for the science and 887 00:35:24,810 --> 00:35:27,110 the university work that we've been 888 00:35:27,110 --> 00:35:29,740 doing . That . Said battery technology 889 00:35:29,740 --> 00:35:31,962 has quite a range within the military , 890 00:35:31,990 --> 00:35:34,157 from the amount of batteries that need 891 00:35:34,157 --> 00:35:36,700 to be in the field to moving forward 892 00:35:36,710 --> 00:35:40,310 with um high power , high power 893 00:35:40,320 --> 00:35:42,610 weapons systems . I would say that 894 00:35:42,610 --> 00:35:44,721 battery technology is going to be key 895 00:35:44,721 --> 00:35:47,630 for micro grids that we would need at 896 00:35:47,630 --> 00:35:50,670 basing and forward sites . I think 897 00:35:50,670 --> 00:35:52,890 batteries are priority . The science 898 00:35:52,890 --> 00:35:55,350 and the materials can actually move 899 00:35:55,350 --> 00:35:58,480 forward . I think if we uh focus our 900 00:35:58,480 --> 00:36:00,424 energies , DARPA is always good at 901 00:36:00,424 --> 00:36:02,647 looking at materials and batteries have 902 00:36:02,647 --> 00:36:05,050 always been a capability of that 903 00:36:05,050 --> 00:36:08,420 they've had at modernizing and perhaps 904 00:36:08,430 --> 00:36:10,840 inventing new technologies and safer 905 00:36:10,840 --> 00:36:13,350 approach is higher density energy 906 00:36:13,350 --> 00:36:16,810 density . Thank 907 00:36:16,810 --> 00:36:20,530 you . I've been advocating for 908 00:36:20,530 --> 00:36:23,260 strengthening our by America policies 909 00:36:23,270 --> 00:36:25,990 including extending domestic content 910 00:36:25,990 --> 00:36:28,101 requirements down the supply chain to 911 00:36:28,101 --> 00:36:30,540 support the U . S . Industrial base . 912 00:36:31,030 --> 00:36:33,140 Those efforts are critical but more 913 00:36:33,140 --> 00:36:35,360 focused on the acquisition side of D . 914 00:36:35,360 --> 00:36:38,010 O . D . Investment policy . I also 915 00:36:38,010 --> 00:36:40,380 believe that we need to do more on the 916 00:36:40,390 --> 00:36:42,501 research , development and innovation 917 00:36:42,501 --> 00:36:45,250 side those areas . Mr McQueen my 918 00:36:45,250 --> 00:36:47,040 question over which you have 919 00:36:47,040 --> 00:36:50,660 responsibility If we look at placing 920 00:36:50,670 --> 00:36:54,020 at pacing the pacing threat of 921 00:36:54,020 --> 00:36:56,420 china , let's say in the shipbuilding 922 00:36:56,420 --> 00:36:59,000 sector , D . O . D . Has reported that 923 00:36:59,000 --> 00:37:01,700 it has become the top ship producing 924 00:37:01,700 --> 00:37:03,811 nation in the world and produces most 925 00:37:03,811 --> 00:37:06,350 of its critical components like engines , 926 00:37:06,530 --> 00:37:09,610 weapons and electronic systems . The 927 00:37:09,610 --> 00:37:12,150 chinese government is investing massive 928 00:37:12,150 --> 00:37:14,317 sounds to ensure that those components 929 00:37:14,317 --> 00:37:16,670 are high performing and manufacturer 930 00:37:16,670 --> 00:37:19,570 herbal at scale . I believe that the D . 931 00:37:19,570 --> 00:37:21,920 O . D . Using existing authorities 932 00:37:21,930 --> 00:37:24,260 should provide funding to our domestic 933 00:37:24,260 --> 00:37:26,050 shipbuilding industrial base 934 00:37:26,060 --> 00:37:29,190 particularly small and medium sized 935 00:37:29,200 --> 00:37:31,790 businesses to increase their technical 936 00:37:31,790 --> 00:37:34,970 capability , grow their capacity and 937 00:37:34,970 --> 00:37:37,550 improve their manufacturing technology , 938 00:37:37,630 --> 00:37:40,880 design and engineering processes across 939 00:37:40,880 --> 00:37:42,740 the D . O . D . Research and 940 00:37:42,750 --> 00:37:45,560 engineering enterprise . What are your 941 00:37:45,560 --> 00:37:47,480 priorities for supporting the 942 00:37:47,480 --> 00:37:49,840 industrial base and what programs and 943 00:37:49,840 --> 00:37:52,250 investments will you make to support 944 00:37:52,250 --> 00:37:54,860 the technological competitiveness and 945 00:37:54,860 --> 00:37:57,520 manufacturing capacity of our critical 946 00:37:57,520 --> 00:37:59,160 defense suppliers . 947 00:38:00,420 --> 00:38:04,220 Manufacturing is key um to a 948 00:38:04,220 --> 00:38:07,480 number of technologies across the board . 949 00:38:07,490 --> 00:38:10,030 And being able to modernize and work 950 00:38:10,030 --> 00:38:12,252 with manufacturing and make investments 951 00:38:12,252 --> 00:38:15,450 is also key to our economic security . 952 00:38:15,820 --> 00:38:18,520 Um When you look at manufacturing , 953 00:38:18,520 --> 00:38:21,360 it's not only for perhaps D . O . D . 954 00:38:21,360 --> 00:38:25,130 Enabling capability and scale but it's 955 00:38:25,130 --> 00:38:27,410 also to de risk some of the newer 956 00:38:27,410 --> 00:38:29,870 technologies that were are required . 957 00:38:29,870 --> 00:38:32,290 And we have a number of manufacturing 958 00:38:32,290 --> 00:38:35,900 programs in this plate in this area um 959 00:38:35,900 --> 00:38:39,470 that we're moving forward uh but we are 960 00:38:39,480 --> 00:38:42,370 working with aspects of this from five 961 00:38:42,370 --> 00:38:44,670 G . And the hyper in the micro 962 00:38:44,730 --> 00:38:47,640 electronic side , straight through to 963 00:38:47,650 --> 00:38:50,560 materials battery technology as we just 964 00:38:50,560 --> 00:38:54,240 discussed and um moving into uh 965 00:38:54,420 --> 00:38:57,640 a program that we have at university 966 00:38:57,640 --> 00:39:00,180 that's working in materials that would 967 00:39:00,190 --> 00:39:02,590 be supported for difficult marine 968 00:39:02,590 --> 00:39:06,530 environments . So I concur with you on 969 00:39:06,530 --> 00:39:10,170 the need for manufacturing , thank you . 970 00:39:10,170 --> 00:39:13,170 And Mr chairman , I yelled back thank 971 00:39:13,170 --> 00:39:15,226 you , Senator baldwin Center Shane . 972 00:39:16,020 --> 00:39:18,020 Thank you MR Chairman . And to Miss 973 00:39:18,020 --> 00:39:20,780 Mctwist in and dr tom skin , thank you 974 00:39:20,790 --> 00:39:23,310 Tompkins . Thank you both very much for 975 00:39:23,310 --> 00:39:26,340 your work and for testifying today . 976 00:39:26,820 --> 00:39:30,730 I appreciate the importance of DARPA 977 00:39:30,730 --> 00:39:33,350 and of our invest investing public 978 00:39:33,350 --> 00:39:36,840 dollars in innovation and research 979 00:39:36,850 --> 00:39:40,690 for our national security . But 980 00:39:40,700 --> 00:39:42,811 you alluded to this I think earlier , 981 00:39:42,811 --> 00:39:44,922 Miss mctwist in when you talked about 982 00:39:44,922 --> 00:39:48,640 the private sector and the fact is much 983 00:39:48,640 --> 00:39:50,807 of the innovation that we benefit from 984 00:39:50,807 --> 00:39:53,029 comes from the private sector . Is that 985 00:39:53,029 --> 00:39:55,530 correct ? I would say that it's quite 986 00:39:55,530 --> 00:39:57,363 an engine for us in innovation . 987 00:39:57,363 --> 00:40:00,070 Absolutely . And one of the programs 988 00:40:00,070 --> 00:40:02,790 that has been really successful in 989 00:40:02,800 --> 00:40:05,750 promoting small businesses to do that 990 00:40:05,750 --> 00:40:08,150 kind of research is the FBI our program . 991 00:40:08,160 --> 00:40:10,590 Can you speak to how important you 992 00:40:10,590 --> 00:40:12,740 think that is ? I think it's very 993 00:40:12,740 --> 00:40:15,460 important . Um , you know , S . P . I . 994 00:40:15,460 --> 00:40:17,970 R . S and S . T . T . R . S have been 995 00:40:17,980 --> 00:40:20,880 uh quite an engine for us economically 996 00:40:20,890 --> 00:40:24,390 and moving uh moving uh investments 997 00:40:24,390 --> 00:40:27,030 forward in this area can have a great 998 00:40:27,410 --> 00:40:30,960 uh net gain in the economy as well . 999 00:40:30,970 --> 00:40:33,026 Small businesses from the investment 1000 00:40:33,026 --> 00:40:36,480 side are 22 to 1 return on the D . O . 1001 00:40:36,480 --> 00:40:39,330 D . Investment . So anything we can do 1002 00:40:39,330 --> 00:40:43,260 to to encourage and bridge the gap , so 1003 00:40:43,260 --> 00:40:46,170 to speak , between defense needs and 1004 00:40:46,170 --> 00:40:48,370 small business capabilities will be 1005 00:40:48,370 --> 00:40:50,530 critical . We have a protege program 1006 00:40:50,710 --> 00:40:52,850 going forward with large companies so 1007 00:40:52,850 --> 00:40:55,030 that the smaller companies can sort of 1008 00:40:55,410 --> 00:40:57,700 be able to contribute in a way that's 1009 00:40:57,710 --> 00:41:00,110 that's more meaningful to the D . O . D . 1010 00:41:00,110 --> 00:41:02,950 Mission . We are also looking through D . 1011 00:41:02,950 --> 00:41:04,672 I . You to bring on more small 1012 00:41:04,672 --> 00:41:06,394 businesses and non traditional 1013 00:41:06,394 --> 00:41:09,300 performers to bring capability to 1014 00:41:09,340 --> 00:41:12,650 the warfighters mission . So I think 1015 00:41:12,650 --> 00:41:14,650 that's a huge focus . We have to be 1016 00:41:14,650 --> 00:41:17,280 able to two to work at the speed of 1017 00:41:17,320 --> 00:41:20,190 commercial flexibility because we don't 1018 00:41:20,200 --> 00:41:22,690 want to just be able to understand what 1019 00:41:22,690 --> 00:41:24,710 their technology is . We need to be 1020 00:41:24,710 --> 00:41:27,150 able to capitalize on it and feel these 1021 00:41:27,150 --> 00:41:29,317 systems for the warfighter . So that's 1022 00:41:29,317 --> 00:41:31,428 going to mean that we have to move at 1023 00:41:31,428 --> 00:41:33,428 speeds that are within a commercial 1024 00:41:33,470 --> 00:41:35,310 time frame . That's going to be 1025 00:41:35,310 --> 00:41:38,150 critical in not only encouraging small 1026 00:41:38,150 --> 00:41:41,300 business but actually um being able to 1027 00:41:41,300 --> 00:41:44,270 retain fielded systems and the support 1028 00:41:44,280 --> 00:41:46,620 of growing our economy with small 1029 00:41:46,620 --> 00:41:49,010 businesses . Well thank you very much . 1030 00:41:49,010 --> 00:41:51,220 We extended the S . P . I . R . 1031 00:41:51,220 --> 00:41:53,220 Programmer reauthorized it for five 1032 00:41:53,220 --> 00:41:56,300 years back in 2017 . But that means 1033 00:41:56,300 --> 00:41:59,010 it's gonna expire again in 2022 . So mr 1034 00:41:59,010 --> 00:42:01,530 Chairman , I would just um say based on 1035 00:42:01,530 --> 00:42:03,586 what we've heard and what we know is 1036 00:42:03,586 --> 00:42:05,697 significant about the FBI our program 1037 00:42:05,697 --> 00:42:08,090 we should start from now to extend , 1038 00:42:08,090 --> 00:42:10,201 reauthorize that and I would argue we 1039 00:42:10,201 --> 00:42:12,368 should reauthorize it permanently . So 1040 00:42:12,500 --> 00:42:15,860 thank you . Can you speak to what 1041 00:42:15,860 --> 00:42:17,804 happens when we develop innovative 1042 00:42:17,804 --> 00:42:21,720 technologies um that 1043 00:42:21,730 --> 00:42:25,620 are then adopted by our adversaries and 1044 00:42:26,100 --> 00:42:29,540 used to undermine the United 1045 00:42:29,540 --> 00:42:33,130 States ? What how do we prevent 1046 00:42:33,130 --> 00:42:36,480 that ? What can we do to better make 1047 00:42:36,480 --> 00:42:39,340 sure that what we're doing in 1048 00:42:39,340 --> 00:42:42,210 innovation doesn't get Pirated by our 1049 00:42:42,210 --> 00:42:45,560 adversaries ? Well , I think securing 1050 00:42:45,570 --> 00:42:49,570 our our our technology is key . We 1051 00:42:49,570 --> 00:42:53,280 have the taps program which is working 1052 00:42:53,290 --> 00:42:55,320 to make sure that our research and 1053 00:42:55,320 --> 00:42:57,710 development dollars are are secure 1054 00:42:57,710 --> 00:43:00,100 looking at university funding and 1055 00:43:00,100 --> 00:43:02,330 having transparency in an area of 1056 00:43:02,330 --> 00:43:04,820 research that we're we think is 1057 00:43:04,820 --> 00:43:06,990 critical so that we understand other 1058 00:43:06,990 --> 00:43:09,101 areas of funding that are coming in . 1059 00:43:09,101 --> 00:43:11,700 We also want to carefully work with 1060 00:43:11,700 --> 00:43:15,120 scientists and uh , and researchers who 1061 00:43:15,120 --> 00:43:16,898 we do not feel that there is an 1062 00:43:16,898 --> 00:43:19,064 individual that could be , it could be 1063 00:43:19,064 --> 00:43:21,287 a risk to the performance there . But I 1064 00:43:21,287 --> 00:43:23,231 do believe we need to be smart and 1065 00:43:23,231 --> 00:43:25,453 strategic about what we need to protect 1066 00:43:25,453 --> 00:43:28,590 and keep the pace of surprise moving 1067 00:43:28,590 --> 00:43:30,757 forward . That's the great thing about 1068 00:43:30,757 --> 00:43:32,701 DARPA because there's always a new 1069 00:43:32,701 --> 00:43:34,923 frontier and there will always be , you 1070 00:43:34,923 --> 00:43:38,660 know , people adopting and catching up . 1071 00:43:38,670 --> 00:43:40,870 But if we're always moving ahead , we 1072 00:43:40,870 --> 00:43:42,926 make the process of catching up that 1073 00:43:42,926 --> 00:43:45,500 much more difficult . Those security I 1074 00:43:45,500 --> 00:43:47,389 think , especially at the rate of 1075 00:43:47,389 --> 00:43:50,570 cybersecurity and um , and really 1076 00:43:50,580 --> 00:43:54,150 protecting our own investments is got 1077 00:43:54,150 --> 00:43:56,039 to be in the forefront as we move 1078 00:43:56,039 --> 00:43:58,650 forward . But to do it smartly . Thank 1079 00:43:58,650 --> 00:44:01,450 you . Um I only have a few seconds left , 1080 00:44:01,460 --> 00:44:03,571 but I did want to ask you because you 1081 00:44:03,571 --> 00:44:07,510 were talking about the challenge of um 1082 00:44:07,520 --> 00:44:10,900 legacy systems and innovation and how 1083 00:44:10,900 --> 00:44:14,220 to balance um phasing one out or 1084 00:44:14,230 --> 00:44:17,220 addressing new innovative 1085 00:44:17,230 --> 00:44:20,660 technology . When when we do 1086 00:44:20,660 --> 00:44:24,650 that , is it usual that contracts are 1087 00:44:24,650 --> 00:44:28,320 awarded when we've got a technology 1088 00:44:28,330 --> 00:44:31,520 that has not been proven or tested or 1089 00:44:31,520 --> 00:44:33,770 fielded in any way ? Can you answer 1090 00:44:33,770 --> 00:44:37,580 that ? Um , I off the top of my 1091 00:44:37,580 --> 00:44:40,240 head , I would say that we definitely 1092 00:44:40,240 --> 00:44:42,462 need to make sure that we have trust in 1093 00:44:42,462 --> 00:44:44,573 the system before its fielded , which 1094 00:44:44,573 --> 00:44:46,620 is why we've stood up three offices 1095 00:44:46,620 --> 00:44:48,787 between the Systems Engineering office 1096 00:44:48,787 --> 00:44:50,380 at SCO D . I , you with the 1097 00:44:50,380 --> 00:44:53,680 experimentation and fielding and uh and 1098 00:44:53,680 --> 00:44:56,440 then emergent technology capability and 1099 00:44:56,450 --> 00:44:58,506 working with that to demonstrate its 1100 00:44:58,506 --> 00:45:00,617 capability . But in some technologies 1101 00:45:00,617 --> 00:45:02,617 that can move quite rapidly . So if 1102 00:45:02,617 --> 00:45:04,783 we're looking at evolving technologies 1103 00:45:04,783 --> 00:45:06,783 such as in cybersecurity we have we 1104 00:45:06,783 --> 00:45:08,950 should have a rapid pace of being able 1105 00:45:08,950 --> 00:45:12,170 to develop test and field uh feel this 1106 00:45:12,170 --> 00:45:14,870 capability rather quickly . Obviously 1107 00:45:14,870 --> 00:45:17,092 other technologies would take more time 1108 00:45:17,092 --> 00:45:19,259 and testing but we have to be flexible 1109 00:45:19,259 --> 00:45:21,481 in how we approach the technology which 1110 00:45:21,481 --> 00:45:23,481 goes back to innovation and it goes 1111 00:45:23,481 --> 00:45:25,314 back to what I was saying in the 1112 00:45:25,314 --> 00:45:27,259 beginning you have to be doing the 1113 00:45:27,259 --> 00:45:28,981 right thing but uh in doing it 1114 00:45:28,981 --> 00:45:30,981 correctly but you have to adopt the 1115 00:45:30,981 --> 00:45:33,092 flexibility in the program to account 1116 00:45:33,092 --> 00:45:34,981 for the type of technology you're 1117 00:45:34,981 --> 00:45:37,092 managing with the goal of fielding it 1118 00:45:37,092 --> 00:45:39,500 as rapidly as you can . Thank you . 1119 00:45:39,500 --> 00:45:41,722 Thank you . Mr . Chairman . Thank you . 1120 00:45:41,722 --> 00:45:44,600 Senator Shaheen Senator Hoban . Thank 1121 00:45:44,600 --> 00:45:46,711 you . Mr . Chairman appreciate it and 1122 00:45:46,711 --> 00:45:50,040 thank you for the opportunity to visit 1123 00:45:50,040 --> 00:45:52,260 with you today . Secretary Mike Weston 1124 00:45:52,270 --> 00:45:55,750 earlier you mentioned S . D . A . The 1125 00:45:55,760 --> 00:45:57,649 Space Defense Agency working with 1126 00:45:57,649 --> 00:45:59,427 Grandfather Air Force Base . We 1127 00:45:59,427 --> 00:46:01,649 appreciate that very much . As you know 1128 00:46:01,649 --> 00:46:03,704 we worked very diligently to develop 1129 00:46:03,704 --> 00:46:06,410 all things unmanned aviation there . 1130 00:46:06,420 --> 00:46:08,650 And obviously that whole length and 1131 00:46:08,650 --> 00:46:10,594 development with the satellites is 1132 00:46:10,594 --> 00:46:12,817 incredibly important . We think we have 1133 00:46:12,817 --> 00:46:14,983 absolutely unique resource there so we 1134 00:46:14,983 --> 00:46:16,983 appreciate it and we appreciate the 1135 00:46:16,983 --> 00:46:19,094 working relationship we have with the 1136 00:46:19,094 --> 00:46:22,910 space Development agency . Uh We think 1137 00:46:22,910 --> 00:46:25,340 that SDA needs to continue to 1138 00:46:25,340 --> 00:46:27,210 accelerate the development of 1139 00:46:27,210 --> 00:46:29,780 technology for the warfighter . That's 1140 00:46:29,780 --> 00:46:32,240 incredibly important . So tell me how 1141 00:46:32,240 --> 00:46:36,100 will you ensure that SDA can provide 1142 00:46:36,110 --> 00:46:38,221 innovative and independent support to 1143 00:46:38,221 --> 00:46:40,140 our war fighters ? Even as you 1144 00:46:40,150 --> 00:46:43,800 transition to Space Force in october of 1145 00:46:44,180 --> 00:46:46,130 2022 . And obviously we're very 1146 00:46:46,130 --> 00:46:48,297 concerned about supporting that effort 1147 00:46:48,297 --> 00:46:50,519 because we think it's very worthwhile . 1148 00:46:50,519 --> 00:46:50,470 But also because we think it's 1149 00:46:50,470 --> 00:46:53,050 important . Grand Forks Air Force Base 1150 00:46:53,050 --> 00:46:56,320 is part of that . Yes , I believe 1151 00:46:56,330 --> 00:46:59,260 keeping in place the spiral development 1152 00:46:59,260 --> 00:47:01,260 process that they put in to work at 1153 00:47:01,260 --> 00:47:03,920 commercial speeds and to very quickly 1154 00:47:03,930 --> 00:47:06,880 be able to field capability will be the 1155 00:47:06,890 --> 00:47:10,670 best way to work with this uh 1156 00:47:10,680 --> 00:47:13,990 development of technology for space . I 1157 00:47:13,990 --> 00:47:17,410 think it's uh already proven pace that 1158 00:47:17,410 --> 00:47:20,050 you see with commercial entities and I 1159 00:47:20,050 --> 00:47:22,930 believe that what we have started right 1160 00:47:22,930 --> 00:47:25,840 now with the space Development agency 1161 00:47:25,850 --> 00:47:28,720 will prove itself by their two year 1162 00:47:28,720 --> 00:47:31,520 cycle time for being able to update 1163 00:47:32,380 --> 00:47:34,602 capabilities that we're bringing to the 1164 00:47:34,602 --> 00:47:36,769 Warfighter Good and we appreciate very 1165 00:47:36,769 --> 00:47:38,713 much the working relationship that 1166 00:47:38,713 --> 00:47:40,880 we've had with you . Is there anything 1167 00:47:40,880 --> 00:47:42,936 that we can do at this time that you 1168 00:47:42,936 --> 00:47:45,047 think is particularly helpful to make 1169 00:47:45,047 --> 00:47:47,158 sure that we continue to advance this 1170 00:47:47,158 --> 00:47:49,324 initiative ? Well , we appreciate your 1171 00:47:49,324 --> 00:47:51,480 support for this effort and that that 1172 00:47:51,480 --> 00:47:53,591 is an invaluable in itself . So thank 1173 00:47:53,591 --> 00:47:57,530 you And same questions for dr Thompkins , 1174 00:47:57,530 --> 00:47:59,586 Did you have anything that you would 1175 00:47:59,586 --> 00:48:03,490 add ? Um I agree with 1176 00:48:03,490 --> 00:48:05,657 Miss My question regarding the support 1177 00:48:05,657 --> 00:48:07,712 and appreciation for all the support 1178 00:48:07,712 --> 00:48:10,840 you provided and in DARPA works very 1179 00:48:10,840 --> 00:48:13,040 closely with the SDA specifically in 1180 00:48:13,040 --> 00:48:15,290 developing new technologies which then 1181 00:48:15,290 --> 00:48:17,457 de risk elements of the technology for 1182 00:48:17,457 --> 00:48:19,679 them to deploy . And we look forward to 1183 00:48:19,679 --> 00:48:22,940 seeing um the uh through its the 1184 00:48:22,940 --> 00:48:24,996 fruition of some of those efforts in 1185 00:48:24,996 --> 00:48:27,107 the near future . Good and again , we 1186 00:48:27,107 --> 00:48:29,218 want to make sure that we continue to 1187 00:48:29,218 --> 00:48:31,273 offer any and all assistance so that 1188 00:48:31,273 --> 00:48:31,270 that development continues as it is . 1189 00:48:31,270 --> 00:48:33,437 We think it's incredibly important And 1190 00:48:33,437 --> 00:48:35,603 and back to the material in question . 1191 00:48:35,603 --> 00:48:37,714 Now , talk to me in terms of the next 1192 00:48:37,714 --> 00:48:39,381 step , which is not just that 1193 00:48:39,381 --> 00:48:41,960 communication with the lower orbit 1194 00:48:41,970 --> 00:48:43,692 satellites , but then also the 1195 00:48:43,692 --> 00:48:46,670 communication between satellites and 1196 00:48:46,680 --> 00:48:49,490 unmanned aviation . And again that's 1197 00:48:49,490 --> 00:48:51,657 one of the things that we've developed 1198 00:48:51,657 --> 00:48:53,823 in a way like no other . And obviously 1199 00:48:53,823 --> 00:48:56,046 that's gonna be an incredibly important 1200 00:48:56,046 --> 00:48:58,212 part of this whole effort . So talk to 1201 00:48:58,212 --> 00:49:00,212 me about development on that second 1202 00:49:00,212 --> 00:49:02,410 step as well . Yeah . Looking at being 1203 00:49:02,410 --> 00:49:04,140 able to have the battlespace 1204 00:49:04,150 --> 00:49:06,372 information backbone in place . We have 1205 00:49:06,372 --> 00:49:08,480 Jared C two as a program and we also 1206 00:49:08,480 --> 00:49:11,010 have a B to moving forward and looking 1207 00:49:11,010 --> 00:49:13,066 at the information moving within the 1208 00:49:13,066 --> 00:49:15,200 network and able to be used between 1209 00:49:15,200 --> 00:49:17,367 ground and space will be critical . So 1210 00:49:17,530 --> 00:49:19,641 the network and the data availability 1211 00:49:19,641 --> 00:49:22,450 will actually be quite a platform for 1212 00:49:22,450 --> 00:49:25,270 innovation and being able to constantly 1213 00:49:25,270 --> 00:49:27,560 grow our capabilities at a rapid speed 1214 00:49:27,560 --> 00:49:30,480 for the warfighter . Yeah . And tell me 1215 00:49:30,480 --> 00:49:32,424 a little bit more about that inter 1216 00:49:32,424 --> 00:49:34,536 agency cooperation because one of the 1217 00:49:34,536 --> 00:49:36,702 things we've done is we've broken down 1218 00:49:36,702 --> 00:49:38,758 barriers . I mean we're working with 1219 00:49:38,758 --> 00:49:40,924 everybody . It's not just at the state 1220 00:49:40,924 --> 00:49:43,036 and local level but all the different 1221 00:49:43,036 --> 00:49:45,147 agencies including Nasa Department of 1222 00:49:45,147 --> 00:49:47,313 Defense FAA . And everybody else . How 1223 00:49:47,313 --> 00:49:49,202 are you working to make sure that 1224 00:49:49,202 --> 00:49:51,369 you're integrating all the agencies in 1225 00:49:51,369 --> 00:49:53,424 there as well in the separate we are 1226 00:49:53,424 --> 00:49:55,424 working with all the agencies and I 1227 00:49:55,424 --> 00:49:57,647 believe the relationships are very good 1228 00:49:57,647 --> 00:49:59,869 because everybody wants to move forward 1229 00:49:59,869 --> 00:50:02,050 in this area . So um I would say right 1230 00:50:02,050 --> 00:50:04,280 now we keep the pace moving forward . 1231 00:50:06,560 --> 00:50:08,500 Great , thank you so much and dr 1232 00:50:08,500 --> 00:50:10,444 Thompkins , anything else that you 1233 00:50:10,444 --> 00:50:14,130 might want to add on that issue ? Um 1234 00:50:14,140 --> 00:50:17,070 I completely agree with everything . Mr 1235 00:50:17,070 --> 00:50:19,014 question has said , I think in the 1236 00:50:19,014 --> 00:50:21,126 interest of time we'll leave it there 1237 00:50:21,126 --> 00:50:23,348 just with our thanks and our excitement 1238 00:50:23,348 --> 00:50:25,348 about the future . Okay then I just 1239 00:50:25,348 --> 00:50:25,330 want to thank both of you for your 1240 00:50:25,340 --> 00:50:27,670 innovation and your creativity and your 1241 00:50:27,670 --> 00:50:29,892 strong leadership . We truly appreciate 1242 00:50:29,892 --> 00:50:31,948 the working relationship . Thanks so 1243 00:50:31,948 --> 00:50:34,114 much and will continue to support your 1244 00:50:34,114 --> 00:50:36,226 efforts in this very important area . 1245 00:50:36,226 --> 00:50:38,500 Thank you . Thank you Sandra Hovan . 1246 00:50:38,510 --> 00:50:40,677 Just one more question for me and then 1247 00:50:40,677 --> 00:50:44,390 we'll close out just for both , both of 1248 00:50:44,390 --> 00:50:46,560 the test . If IRS um and it's been 1249 00:50:46,560 --> 00:50:48,782 talked about the previous questions , I 1250 00:50:48,782 --> 00:50:51,000 think it's important that we add value 1251 00:50:51,000 --> 00:50:54,760 by tapping into academia and private 1252 00:50:54,760 --> 00:50:56,704 specter , small business and large 1253 00:50:56,704 --> 00:51:00,460 business . Um from you guys perspective 1254 00:51:00,460 --> 00:51:02,540 has there have been greater 1255 00:51:02,550 --> 00:51:06,390 participation by folks outside your 1256 00:51:06,390 --> 00:51:08,501 agencies over the last years has been 1257 00:51:08,501 --> 00:51:10,723 pretty static or less . I think there's 1258 00:51:10,723 --> 00:51:12,779 been larger participation and mostly 1259 00:51:12,779 --> 00:51:14,890 because of the outreach programs that 1260 00:51:14,890 --> 00:51:17,112 we've put together , especially through 1261 00:51:17,112 --> 00:51:19,223 the Defense Innovation Unit , because 1262 00:51:19,223 --> 00:51:21,334 we're seeing a lot of non traditional 1263 00:51:21,334 --> 00:51:23,390 companies coming in and we're seeing 1264 00:51:23,390 --> 00:51:25,612 the increase of small business that are 1265 00:51:25,612 --> 00:51:24,860 excited to work with the Defense 1266 00:51:24,860 --> 00:51:27,460 Department and able to demonstrate 1267 00:51:27,460 --> 00:51:29,810 their capabilities , but more more is 1268 00:51:29,810 --> 00:51:33,570 required . Okay , dr Thompkins . Yes . 1269 00:51:33,570 --> 00:51:35,792 Similarly , um , of course , you know , 1270 00:51:35,792 --> 00:51:37,959 darkest funding goes entirely to those 1271 00:51:37,959 --> 00:51:40,990 external partners so that what we would 1272 00:51:40,990 --> 00:51:42,490 be tracking is sort of the 1273 00:51:42,490 --> 00:51:45,030 diversification of that performer space 1274 00:51:45,040 --> 00:51:48,170 and what we look for are organizations 1275 00:51:48,170 --> 00:51:50,059 that have never worked with DARPA 1276 00:51:50,059 --> 00:51:52,281 before , have never worked with the D . 1277 00:51:52,281 --> 00:51:54,226 O . D . And through those kinds of 1278 00:51:54,226 --> 00:51:56,059 outreach activities that miss my 1279 00:51:56,059 --> 00:51:58,281 question just mentioned , we are seeing 1280 00:51:58,281 --> 00:52:00,281 that increase and we hope to see it 1281 00:52:00,281 --> 00:52:02,448 even more um to get the best ideas and 1282 00:52:02,448 --> 00:52:04,670 to get the best capabilities we need to 1283 00:52:04,670 --> 00:52:06,781 be reaching the broadest possible and 1284 00:52:06,781 --> 00:52:08,948 most diverse performer pool possible . 1285 00:52:08,948 --> 00:52:10,837 Do either of you see any existing 1286 00:52:10,837 --> 00:52:12,503 barriers to working with your 1287 00:52:12,503 --> 00:52:15,580 particular agencies ? Um , and if you 1288 00:52:15,580 --> 00:52:17,802 do are there there are those barriers , 1289 00:52:17,802 --> 00:52:19,858 things that you can break down or do 1290 00:52:19,858 --> 00:52:23,140 you need congressional help ? Well , 1291 00:52:23,140 --> 00:52:25,196 right now , at our any launching the 1292 00:52:25,196 --> 00:52:27,418 Innovation steering group , I'm looking 1293 00:52:27,418 --> 00:52:30,090 for areas of continual improvement and 1294 00:52:30,090 --> 00:52:31,910 I think that we will be able to 1295 00:52:31,910 --> 00:52:34,530 articulate sort of changes that need to 1296 00:52:34,540 --> 00:52:36,560 take place internally in order to 1297 00:52:36,560 --> 00:52:39,090 become more rapid at an adaptation of 1298 00:52:39,090 --> 00:52:42,610 technology and to be more flexible in 1299 00:52:42,620 --> 00:52:44,950 being able to do that . So no barriers 1300 00:52:44,960 --> 00:52:47,710 at this time , I would say it's better 1301 00:52:47,710 --> 00:52:50,030 rolling up our sleeves . Okay . Dr 1302 00:52:50,030 --> 00:52:53,940 Thompkins . Um , the one thing I 1303 00:52:53,940 --> 00:52:56,700 would suggest is that we are going to 1304 00:52:56,700 --> 00:52:59,070 be taking a hard look at some of the 1305 00:52:59,080 --> 00:53:02,330 the sort of potential barriers for 1306 00:53:02,330 --> 00:53:04,386 organizations that are traditionally 1307 00:53:04,386 --> 00:53:06,608 worked with the Department of Defense , 1308 00:53:06,608 --> 00:53:08,719 looking at the cost of compliance and 1309 00:53:08,719 --> 00:53:10,886 looking at sort of the murkiness of of 1310 00:53:10,886 --> 00:53:12,997 how organizations , organizations can 1311 00:53:12,997 --> 00:53:15,108 successfully compliant . I think this 1312 00:53:15,108 --> 00:53:16,941 is particularly tough on smaller 1313 00:53:16,941 --> 00:53:19,052 businesses , commercial organizations 1314 00:53:19,052 --> 00:53:21,274 that haven't worked with defense before 1315 00:53:21,274 --> 00:53:22,941 and many different classes of 1316 00:53:22,941 --> 00:53:24,970 universities where the amount of 1317 00:53:24,980 --> 00:53:27,410 overhead um that they can afford to put 1318 00:53:27,420 --> 00:53:29,364 into being able to be sufficiently 1319 00:53:29,364 --> 00:53:31,476 compliant can be really challenging . 1320 00:53:31,476 --> 00:53:34,050 And so we will be looking for ways um 1321 00:53:34,060 --> 00:53:36,630 to sort of meet them in the middle and 1322 00:53:36,630 --> 00:53:38,852 find ways to make it easier for them to 1323 00:53:38,852 --> 00:53:40,852 participate while still being fully 1324 00:53:40,852 --> 00:53:43,074 compliant with our requirements . Thank 1325 00:53:43,074 --> 00:53:45,241 you Senator Shelby . You have anything 1326 00:53:45,241 --> 00:53:48,480 you wanted ? Okay . Great . 1327 00:53:49,650 --> 00:53:53,340 Right . We will make sure that our 1328 00:53:53,350 --> 00:53:55,350 staff's work together and make that 1329 00:53:55,350 --> 00:53:58,250 happen . Um I just want to appreciate 1330 00:53:58,260 --> 00:54:00,204 especially my appreciation for the 1331 00:54:00,204 --> 00:54:02,538 testimony that was presented here today . 1332 00:54:02,538 --> 00:54:04,704 Uh Senators need to know that they may 1333 00:54:04,704 --> 00:54:06,927 submit additional written questions and 1334 00:54:06,927 --> 00:54:09,093 we would ask you to respond to them in 1335 00:54:09,093 --> 00:54:11,260 a in a reasonable period of time . The 1336 00:54:11,260 --> 00:54:13,650 defense subcommittee will reconvene on 1337 00:54:13,650 --> 00:54:16,930 Tuesday april 20th at 9 30 for hearing 1338 00:54:16,930 --> 00:54:19,090 on the Defense Health program . With 1339 00:54:19,090 --> 00:54:20,979 that , the subcommittee stands in 1340 00:54:20,979 --> 00:54:23,250 recess . Thank you . Yeah .